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631.
632.
Catherine Meur-Férec 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1997,3(2):121-132
In Europe, Britain was relatively early in being aware of the necessity of conserving natural coastal sites, though not as
early as The Netherlands. In the 1960s and 1970s, increasing economic and tourist pressures in Europe prompted measures geared
to the protection of other coasts in Europe. The promptness of the British reaction was a result of a sensitive public opinion
and of powerful private trusts (National Trust with Enterprise Neptune) rather than of a commitment by the Government. In
France a specific organization, in part inspired by the British principle, was set up. However, the French system is based
much more on a public authority, theConservatoire de l’Espace Littoral et des Rivages Lacustres and on legislation (Coastal Law of 1986). Although very different in the beginning, French and British conservation politics
today show many similarities, along with the similarities in the concerns of both countries. 相似文献
633.
P. P. Pomeroy P. R. Redman S. J. S. Ruddell C. D. Duck S. D. Twiss 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2005,57(6):546-556
Consistent, widespread fine-scale preferences for breeding sites may favour the emergence of intrasexual associations and hence sociality. Pairwise association was defined for a terrestrially breeding phocid seal in which intraseasonal colony mixing is limited and mothers spend only 3 weeks ashore breeding. Interannual associations may occur between pairs of breeding female grey seals at North Rona, Scotland because of pupping site fidelity, 90% return rates and limited variability in parturition dates that individual mothers show. Associations can occur when mothers are found together irrespective of location, or because of joint preferences for locations. Mothers were sedentary and were unlikely to interact if they are separated by >20 m. Using spatial and temporal association criteria, 160 of 176 of known mothers had intraseasonal associations with at least one other mother, with 14 of 126 (11.1%) of associations repeated in 2 years. The likelihood of female association in 2 years as a result of site fidelity, parturition date variation and pupping site quality was modelled. Interannual association between mothers that changed their pupping sites by up to the median observed pupping site fidelity (<40 m) was indistinguishable from our models predictions. However, the number of mothers that showed interannual association after displacements of >40 m from their previous years pupping sites was almost five times greater than the model predicted. We conclude that active association between adult female grey seals is not determined solely by habitat preference, and argue that examination of simple sociality in temporarily aggregating species can contribute significantly to socioecological models of social evolution.Communicated by F. Trillmich 相似文献
634.
建筑工地事故的经济损失与最有效的安全投资(香港经验) 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
本文论述了对因建筑工地发生的事故而导致承包商的经济损失的一个调查情况。作者对18个建筑工地发生的618起事故进行了调查,每一个建筑工地,其安全状况指标是用总的等量损失工作日除以总的所需工作日来评价。通过这18个例证,可以得到建筑工地事故损失与安全状况指标两者之间的关系。类似的,可以获得安全投资与安全状况指标两者的关系、从这两条曲线中。承包商可以决定对建筑工地的最适宜的安全投资。建筑项目的最小安全投资为建筑总投资的0.55%。这时,在最适宜点之处安全投资要比总的事故损失大得多。 相似文献
635.
H. Roger. Hamilton 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1996,32(4):761-766
ABSTRACT: This paper describes a concept for identification and ranking of outdoor recreation habitats using principles of ecology as a guide. The Habitat Evaluation Procedures (HEP) is a commonly used technique for assessment of human impacts on the vigor of wildlife species, and serves as the model for the Recreation Habitat Analysis Method (RHAM). Recreation activities are dependent on habitat attributes for their success just as are wildlife species. A sample model is described for recreation activities at large, multipurpose lakes. RHAM could be applied to recreation experiences in a variety of settings including smaller water bodies and riparian and terrestrial ecosystems. 相似文献
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基于三维空间插值技术的某场地中总石油烃污染分布确定 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了解总石油烃在场地中的扩散分布规律,立体呈现其污染分布特征,选择华北某污染场地为研究对象,分层采集土壤样品并采用三维空间插值软件EVS-Pro建立地质模型和污染插值模型,对C16总石油烃(脂肪族)(以下简称总石油烃)分布特征进行分析。结果表明:不同采样点位污染物浓度分布差异明显,总石油烃最高值是DB11/T 811—2011《场地土壤环境风险评价筛选值》的11.71倍;场地内污染物表现出较强的垂直和水平迁移能力,在空间中的迁移分布特征与生产历史状况、水文地质条件密切相关。研究表明,通过三维插值模型构建的插值结果可以更加直观地呈现污染分布,更好地反映各因素对总石油烃分布的影响。 相似文献
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639.
640.
本文调查了我国官方环保网站的现状和存在的问题,提出了互联网环境管理的定义、功能、运作机制和官方环保网站的基本要求。 相似文献