化学混凝法处理港口煤粉(矿石)污水试验研究及应用

对化学混凝法处理港口煤污水进行了试验研究。通过对两种混凝剂处理煤污水效果的比较 ,选择合适的混凝剂 ,并确定混凝剂的最佳投加量及工艺条件。试验结果应用于天津港 2 5 - 2 6段煤粉 (矿石 )污水处理系统并取得良好效果。     

玉米芯粉处理含汞废水的研究

通过模拟试验探讨了经活化后的玉米芯粉吸附汞的效果及其主要技术参数，结果表明，玉米芯粉对汞的吸附平衡时间为１００ｍｉｎ，最大吸附量为０．９８５ｍｇ／ｇ，工作吸附量（穿透点）为０．４００ｍｇ／ｇ，该吸附剂容易洗脱与再生，且使用寿命长，最佳洗脱液为０．１％的稀硝酸溶液，吸附剂使用２０次后，效果仍较好，二级吸附对泵的去除率高达９９．７５％，出水浓度为０．０２５ｍｇ／Ｌ，可以使含Ｈｇ＾２＋１０．００ｍｇ／Ｌ     

环形粉末预制坯压制规律研究

研究了环形粉末预制坯压制过程中压力和密度变化规律。通过力学分析建立了环形粉末预制坯压制力学模型,导出了6种压制方式下压制力沿预制坯高度分布规律,建立了统一的压制力分布计算公式,并计算了环形粉末预制坯下端面的最小压制力。基于黄培云粉末压制理论,导出了环形粉末预制坯相对密度沿高度分布计算公式,以及环形粉末预制坯上下端面密度的比值。     

Removal of petroleum tar from bird feathers utilizing magnetic particles

A previously reported acute temperature dependency for the effective removal of tarry residue from feather clusters, utilising magnetic particles, has also been demonstrated to occur for the plumage of whole birds, whereby a maximum removal of up to 96% may be achieved. The experimental design allows an approximate equilibrium constant, for the distribution of contaminant between the residue and the magnetic particles, to be estimated at each temperature. This allows the thermodynamics of the process to be examined via application of the van't Hoff equation, suggesting an explanation for the phenomenon.     

Metal contamination of riverine sediments below the Avoca mines, south east Ireland

The River Avoca is severely polluted by discharges of acid mine drainage (AMD) from the abandoned sulphur and copper mines at Avoca. The riverine sediments were studied during a low flow period to establish the degree of contamination and to identify the major processes affecting sediment metal concentrations. pH plays a major role in the regulation of zinc adsorption and desorption in sediments, showing a significant correlation (p&0.001). The zinc concentration in the sediment falls below background levels after the input of AMD. However, the metal precipitated when the pH increased downstream of a fertiliser factory (pH8.0), some 7 km below the mine. In contrast Cu and Fe significantly increased (p0.001) both in the sediment (0--30 mm depth) and the surface ochre immediately below the mixing zone. Copper removal appears to be primarily by co-precipitation. Higher sediment enrichment factors for all metals were obtained in the surface sediment layer (ochre) deposited on larger stones and in floc material collected in sediment traps, compared with the subsurface sediment. Cadmium was not recorded in any of the sediment collected at the detection limit used (0.01 g g-1). Metal deposition in the sediments was found to be spacially variable, so sub-sampling is required, although replicates show little variation. Results indicate that short term variation in metal inputs is identified by sampling the surface layer only, whereas sampling of the subsurface layer (<63 m fraction) is more suitable for identifying long-term trends in sediment quality. The implication of sediment analysis in assessing environmental impact is discussed.     

Improving agricultural sustainability: the case of Swedish greenhouse tomatoes

Of major concern to agriculturists and society are issues of sustainability and land and resource requirements for food and fiber. Sustainability of Swedish domestic agriculture is explored using the production of tomatoes in greenhouses as a case study. Issues of sustainability are related to net yields, environmental loading, greenhouse gases, employment and land use. A model for evaluation of sustainability is developed and illustrated using the concepts and theories of analysis. The intensive tomato production system investigated was shown to be highly dependent on non-renewable resources and human service fed back from society. Substituting wood powder from logging residues for the oil used for heating reduced the environmental load and improved the sustainability of the system significantly.     

环保型高效胶结材——高炉渣微粉的制造与应用

本文介绍了高炉渣微粉的性质、特点、生产工艺及粉磨设备的选择和应用前景分析。     

锌铜复合氧化物光催化降解甲基对硫磷

采用共沉淀法制了锌铅复合氧化物光催化剂，并通过其光催化降解甲基对硫磷农药。结果发现，锌铜复合氧化物能有效地利用空气中的氧，使甲基对硫磷快速光降解，其中ＺｎＯ是一个较好的氧化物半导体。     

磷胁迫对水稻基因型根系形态及吸收铁锰铜锌的影响

采用营养液培养方法研究了缺磷胁迫下4种水稻基因型(90-90—1、金23A、90-68-1、CDR22)的根系形态变化情况及其吸收微量元素铁、锰、铜、锌的影响。结果表明，(1)磷胁迫下，每个基因型在磷胁迫下其根系形态发生了明显变化、如根长、根冠比均呈增加趋势，并且根表有红棕色铁氧化物膜包被。(2)磷胁迫下根系形态的变化影响了水稻对生长介质中铁、锰、铜、锌的吸收：正常水稻植株中铁、锰、锌的含量高于磷胁迫植株，其中磷营养状况对水稻吸收铁、锰影响最明显；而磷营养状况对水稻植株铜含量的影响与铁、锰、锌正好相反，且影响程度较小。     

杭州市郊蔬菜地土壤重金属环境质量评价

对杭州市郊4个主要蔬菜基地的土壤中的重金属铅、锌、铜含量进行测定分析,利用不同的评价方法和标准来评价杭州市郊蔬菜地土壤重金属的环境质量状况。结果发现如以自然背景值为评价标准,则蔬菜基地土壤中的重金属超过污染指标,污染程度为Pb > Cu > Zn;如以国家《土壤重金属污染评价标准》为评价标准,则蔬菜基地土壤中的重金属未超过污染指标,污染程度为Zn > Cu > Pb;在4个调查区中,拱墅区土壤重金属大于其它3个区。