电沉积ZnO膜光电催化降解4-硝基酚研究

用硝酸锌水溶液作电解质,采用阴极电沉积法在玻碳电极上制备了具有光电化学活性的氧化锌(ZnO)薄膜。以ZnO膜电极为工作电极对4-硝基酚进行了光电催化降解处理,系统研究了外加偏压、4-硝基酚浓度、电解液浓度以及pH值对4-硝基酚在ZnO膜电极上的光电催化降解效果的影响。结果表明:在外加偏压为1.0V,电解液浓度为0.1mol/L,溶液为近中性条件(pH为6.3)时对0.05mmol/L的4-硝基酚2小时的降解效率达到了98.8%。     

自组装纳米ZnO光催化二甲基亚砜废水实验研究

可生化性很差的二甲基亚砜废水严重危害了环境和人们的健康,目前寻求一种高效降解该种废水的材料尤为重要。利用自组装技术制备纳米ZnO材料是近年来研究的热点。实验由此入手,以NH2/SiO2为基底,采用分子自组装法在常温下制备出了ZnO/NH2/SiO2光催化材料,并利用此材料与传统sol-gel法制备的纳米ZnO材料在紫外灯照及有无通入空气条件下,对二甲基亚砜废水的降解效果进行了对比研究。结果表明,未通入空气条件下,自组装法制备的ZnO和sol-gel法制备的ZnO对废水的降解率分别为63.8%和34.7%;通入空气条件下,自组装法制备的ZnO和sol-gel法制备的ZnO对废水的降解率分别为70.9%和57.9%。结果表明,自组装技术制备的纳米ZnO在通入空气条件下降解难生化的二甲基亚砜废水效果是最好的。     

Efficient microwave-assisted photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor dimethyl phthalate over composite catalyst ZrOx/ZnO

A highly active ZrOx/ZnO catalyst for microwave-assisted photocatalytic (MW/PC) degradation of endocrine disruptor dimethyl phthalate (DMP) has been prepared via cetyltrimethylammonium assisted hydrothermal method. The ZrOx/ZnO was characterized by XPS, XRD, UV-Vis, BET and SEM techniques. The XPS result showed that Zr oxides with different valences (+2, +3, +4) co-existed in ZrOx/ZnO. By using the ZrOx/ZnO (0.1 g), the TOC removal efficiency of DMP (100 mL of 50 mg/L) was 88% after 30 min reaction, which was about 15% higher than P25 TiO2. It was found that the removal process of DMP by MW/PC followed pseudo first-order kinetics in all cases, and ZrOx/ZnO significantly accelerated the degradation of DMP. The degradation half-life time of DMP was shortened 45% compared with P25 TiO2. A possible catalytic mechanism was proposed based on microwave response and interfacial charge transfer. ZrOx/ZnO could be reused for six times without obvious decrease in catalytic activity. The study offers new insights into designing highly efficient catalysts for MW/PC process and is applicable for MW/PC environmental remediation.     

Effective and selective separation of perrhenate from acidic wastewater by super-stable,superhydrophobic, and recyclable biosorbent

• A ZnO-biochar hybrid composite was prepared by solvothermal-pyrolysis synthesis. • The superhydrophobic composite is suitable for selective recovery of Re(VII). • The adsorption mechanism is elucidated by experiments and material characterization. The recovery of scattered metal ions such as perrhenate (Re(VII)) from industrial effluents has enormous economic benefits and promotes resource reuse. Nanoscale-metal/biochar hybrid biosorbents are attractive for recovery but are limited by their insufficient stability and low selectivity in harsh environments. Herein, a superstable biochar-based biosorbent composed of ZnO nanoparticles with remarkable superhydrophobic features is fabricated, and its adsorption/desorption capabilities toward Re(VII) in strongly acidic aqueous solutions are investigated. The ZnO nanoparticle/biochar hybrid composite (ZBC) exhibits strong acid resistance and high chemical stability, which are attributable to strong C-O-Zn interactions between the biochar and ZnO nanoparticles. Due to the advantages of its hydrolytic stability, superhydrophobicity, and abundance of Zn-O sites, the ZBC proves suitable for the effective and selective separation of Re(VII) from single, binary and multiple ion systems (pH= 1), with a maximum sorption capacity of 29.41 mg/g. More importantly, this material also shows good recyclability and reusability, with high adsorption efficiency after six adsorption-desorption cycles. The findings in this work demonstrate that a metal/biochar hybrid composite is a promising sorbent for Re(VII) separation.     

Comparative phytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles,ZnO microparticles,and Zn2+ on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): investigating a wide range of concentrations

The effects of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), ZnO microparticles (MPs), and zinc ions (Zn²⁺) on some growth parameters of rapeseed (Brassica napus) seedlings have been studied. The growth inhibition by ZnO NPs was not stronger than that by ZnO MPs while treatment with Zn²⁺ inhibition was clearly stronger.     

纳米ZnO光催化降解溴化乙锭(EB)的初步研究

对ZnO光催化降解溴化乙锭(EB)中的光源、反应介质、pH值、光催化剂用量、光照时间及氧化剂的加入等因素进行了考察.结果表明,在日光和紫外光照射下,EB都能得到较好的降解.在EB初始浓度50mg·l-1,pH 9的水溶液中,紫外光照射240min,ZnO(80mg)光催化降解EB的降解率可达到92.9%.     

ZnO超细粉的制备及其抗菌性能研究

采用直接沉淀法和均匀沉淀法制备ZnO超细粉,研究光照、粒径的改变对ZnO超细粉抗菌性能的影响。     

纳米ZnO浓度对EBPR系统除磷性能的影响

采用SBR工艺接种成熟的强化生物除磷(EBPR)絮状污泥,研究了不同浓度纳米ZnO(ZnO NPs)对颗粒化EBPR系统性能的影响。结果表明:低浓度(≤1 mg/L)ZnO NPs可促进厌氧释磷和好氧吸磷作用;随着ZnO NPs浓度的增加,磷酸盐及COD去除能力受到明显抑制;在厌氧释磷过程中,PAOs对ZnO NPs的毒性更为敏感;与未受ZnO NPs污染的系统相比,ZnO NPs浓度为15 mg/L条件下的释磷速率与吸磷速率分别下降了0.1 mg/(gVSS·min)和0.15 mg/(gVSS·min)。     

纳米ZnO光催化材料的掺杂改性研究进展

纳米ZnO光催化材料的研究进展迅速,其光催化性能已接近或超过商业生产中用到的TiO_2材料(Degussa P25),而且它相比TiO_2材料更易于掺杂、更易刻蚀、在等离子体中稳定性好,未来有望在水污染治理和环境保护领域取代TiO_2光催化剂。概述了纳米ZnO光催化材料的制备、性能和掺杂改性研究进展,对纳米ZnO光催化材料的研究趋势进行了展望。