It pays to have an eye for emotions: Emotion recognition ability indirectly predicts annual income

This study integrates the emotion and social influence literatures to examine how emotion recognition ability (ERA) relates to annual income. In a sample of 142 employee–peer–supervisor triads from a broad range of jobs and organizations, we find that people's level of ERA indirectly relates to how much they earn per year. The relationship between ERA and annual income is mediated sequentially through political skill and interpersonal facilitation. The results imply that emotional abilities allow people not only to process affect‐laden information effectively but also to use this information to successfully navigate the social world of organizations in the pursuit of prosperity. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

北京平原区夏垫断裂的多源遥感影像特征

1679年9月2日三河—平谷8.0级地震在地表形成总体走向N40°~45°E,倾角60°~70°,长达10 km的破裂带。该文采用Landsat-8、SPOT-5、SAR、GDEM、Google Earth多源遥感影像研究夏垫断裂的遥感影像特征。利用ERDAS软件,对Landsat-8影像按7∶4∶2依次为R、G、B分量作彩色合成增强处理,突出影像的线性构造特征;对Landsat-8和SPOT-5影像、Landsat-8和SAR影像分别进行融合处理,丰富影像的光谱信息;对GDEM与SPOT影像进行三维叠加,突出影像的三维特征;对SAR影像进行斑点压缩、方向滤波处理,突出影像平行断裂方向的线性特征。文中分析、对比了Google Earth和SPOT-5影像上地震陡坎的特征,陡坎在SPOT-5影像上表现较明显,但在影像上表现不出较低陡坎,同时,在两种影像上容易将绿色植被、狭窄道路或其它地物误认为陡坎;SAR滤波后的影像表现出暗色的线性条带;Landsat-8和SAR融合后的影像表现出较宽的异常条带,该条带指示断裂带所在位置。     

氨联产甲醇物料的危险性辨识、评价及安全措施

氨联产甲醇生产法是生产甲醇的一种主要方法。甲醇生产中的物料都是比较危险的化学品,该类化学品易燃、易爆,容易使人中毒,如果管理不善,一旦发生意外,将造成巨大经济损失和重大人员伤亡。笔者按照OHSMS(职业安全健康管理体系)标准,对氨联产甲醇生产系统中生产过程物料和成品物料的危险性进行辨识和评价,提出了在氨联产甲醇生产系统中有关生产运行的安全管理控制措施,为氨联产甲醇生产系统的安全生产提供了切实可行的手段和途径,旨在提醒人们对氨联产甲醇生产系统的安全生产引起充分重视。     

MULTICRITERION DECISION MAKING FOR FLOOD CONTROL OPERATIONS: THEORY AND APPLICATIONS1

ABSTRACT: Flood control operations are generally complex in nature, as they are often associated with a large quantity of uncertain factors in combination of noncommensurable criteria. It has been found that the use of fuzzy set theory coupled with multicriterion decision making (MCDM) methods is very promising. In this paper, a multicriterion fuzzy recognition model is established for flood control operations. A subjective preference and iterative weights method is proposed for weight assessment. First, an initial solution of criteria weights, which is directly analyzed from the selected alternatives, is obtained by using the proposed fuzzy recognition model. Then, according to their knowledge related to real time flood operations, operators may modify the initial weights if necessary. When the relative membership grades of alternatives belonging to all rankings are fixed, a defuzzification equation is used to calculate the rank feature value vector. Based on the rank feature value vector, one can evaluate the alternative set. Two flood operation cases are provided to illustrate the application of the proposed model. With the incorporation of the operator's knowledge related to flood operations, the proposed model is flexible in giving weights and realizes more practical flood control operations.     

基于知识的管道系统泄漏检测方法

提出了3种基于知识的管道系统泄漏检测方法,分别是:通过对负压波波形分段符号化处理,采用上下文无关法表示波形结构模式的模式识别诊断系统;以选取合适维数的功率谱特征向量而建立的神经网络泄漏检测系统;与泄漏机理数学模型结合的泄漏诊断专家系统。     

基于属性识别的高速公路交通安全评价模型

针对高速公路交通安全问题,利用属性数学中的识别理论对其进行研究。在对影响高速公路交通安全因素综合分析基础上,构建了高速公路交通安全评价的指标体系;在利用五级标度法确定评价指标权重系数的情况下,建立了基于属性识别的高速公路交通安全评价模型;评价模型根据单指标的属性测度值与多指标的综合属性测度值,利用置信度准则来识别高速公路交通安全的现状水平。应用实例表明:利用属性评价模型,可以找出影响高速公路交通安全的问题成因和限制因素,为高速公路规划和改造提供科学决策依据。     

CGH in the detection of confined placental mosaicism (CPM) in placentas of abnormal pregnancies

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was applied to samples taken from various sites of placentas originating from complicated pregnancies: 24 with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), one with multiple fetal malformation, one with toxemia, one with hydrocephalus and two with undetectable maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP). One of the most common aberrations in the IUGR cases was the addition of a whole or part of the X chromosome. Other aberrations such as additional Y chromosome or of 13(q22) or loss of chromosome 17 also appeared in different cases. In one IUGR case trisomy 8 (in one site) and 47,XXY (in all sites) were detected. In the two cases with undetectable MSAFP monosomy 16 was found. Some of the results were also confirmed by the FISH technique. In all the control cases (six normal and five with aneuploidy) CGH concurred with the known karyotype. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of the CGH technique in the genetic evaluation of fresh and paraffin embedded placentas in problematic pregnancies even when morphology is normal. However, it is very important to take multiple samples from different sites of the placenta. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

重大工业事故隐患辨识与评价方法研究

从导致事故发生的两类危险源理论出发,结合重大危险源和重大工业事故隐患之间的相互关系,揭示进行重大工业事故隐患辨识和评价的本质就是对危险控制措施和控制能力的评价,即对重大危险源采取的控制措施是否到位,能否有效控制事故的发生。该方法通过对工业单元固有的事故易发性和所采取措施的控制能力二者之间是否满足必要的受控关系,作为重大危险源是否构成重大工业事故隐患的判断依据。在工业生产中的应用该法,可以客观反映危险源的危险控制情况,便于危险源所在单位及时加强技术干预,减少事故发生。     

Learning to recognize novel predators under weakly acidic conditions: the effects of reduced pH on acquired predator recognition by juvenile rainbow trout

Summary. Recent studies have demonstrated that under weakly acidic conditions (pH 6.0), many prey fishes, including juvenile rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss), do not exhibit overt antipredator responses to conspecific chemical alarm cues. In laboratory trials, we investigated the potential effects of reduced pH on the ability of hatchery reared, predator naïve juvenile rainbow trout to acquire the recognition of a novel predator (yellow perch, Perca flavenscens). Initially, we exposed trout to the odour of a predatory yellow perch, buffered to pH 6.0 (weakly acidic) or pH 7.0 (neutral) paired with conspecific skin extracts (also buffered to pH 6.0 or 7.0) or a distilled water control. Juvenile trout exhibited significant increase in antipredator behaviour when exposed to neutral skin extract (pH 7.0). When retested 48 hours later to perch odour alone (pH 7.0), only trout initially conditioned with neutral skin extracts (pairs with either neutral or acidic perch odour) exhibited a learned recognition of perch odour as a predator risk. Those initially exposed to weakly acidic skin extract or the distilled water control did not show a learned response to predator odour. These results demonstrate that the ability to acquire the recognition of novel predators is impaired under weakly acidic conditions, as would occur in natural waterways affected by acidic precipitation.