活性碳纤维吸附CS2蒸气的热力学研究

通过吸附热力学研究,计算出CS_2蒸气在活性碳纤维(ACF)上的吸附热、吸附功和吸附熵.结果表明,吸附属物理吸附范畴,所用吸附剂样品表面是不均匀的.     

Comparison of UV-based advanced oxidation processes for the removal of different fractions of NOM from drinking water

This study examined the effectiveness for degradation of hydrophobic (HPO), transphilic (TPI) and hydrophilic (HPI) fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) during UV/H₂O₂, UV/TiO₂ and UV/K₂S₂O₈ (UV/PS) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). The changing characteristics of NOM were evaluated by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the specific UV absorbance (SUVA), trihalomethanes formation potential (THMFP), organic halogen adsorbable on activated carbon formation potential (AOXFP) and parallel factor analysis of excitation–emission matrices (PARAFAC-EEMs). In the three UV-based AOPs, HPI fraction with low molecular weight and aromaticity was more likely to degradate than HPO and TPI, and the removal efficiency of SUVA for HPO was much higher than TPI and HPI fraction. In terms of the specific THMFP of HPO, TPI and HPI, a reduction was achieved in the UV/H₂O₂ process, and the higest removal rate even reached to 83%. UV/TiO₂ and UV/PS processes can only decrease the specific THMFP of HPI. The specific AOXFP of HPO, TPI and HPI fractions were all able to be degraded by the three UV-based AOPs, and HPO content is more susceptible to decompose than TPI and HPI content. UV/H₂O₂ was found to be the most effective treatment for the removal of THMFP and AOXFP under given conditions. C1 (microbial or marine derived humic-like substances), C2 (terrestrially derived humic-like substances) and C3 (tryptophan-like proteins) fluorescent components of HPO fraction were fairly labile across the UV-based AOPs treatment. C3 of each fraction of NOM was the most resistant to degrade upon the UV-based AOPs. Results from this study may provide the prediction about the consequence of UV-based AOPs for the degradation of different fractions of NOM with varied characteristics.     

Long-term nitrogen and phosphorus removal,shifts of functional bacteria and fate of resistance genes in bioretention systems under sulfamethoxazole stress

To understand the long-term performance of bioretention systems under sulfamethoxazole (SMX) stress, an unplanted bioretention system (BRS) and two modified BRSs with coconut-shell activated carbon (CAC) and CAC/zero-valent-iron (Fe0) granules (CAC-BRS and Fe/CAC-BRS) were established. Both CAC-BRS and Fe/CAC-BRS significantly outperformed BRS in removing total nitrogen (TN)(CAC-BRS:82.48%; Fe/CAC-BRS:78.08%; BRS:47.51%), total phosphorous (TP)(CAC-BRS:79.36%; Fe/CAC-BRS:98.26%; BRS:41.99%),and...     

Effects of acid,acid-ZVI/PMS,Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS conditioning on the wastewater activated sludge(WAS)dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)

The effects of four conditioning approaches:Acid,Acid-zero-valent iron(ZVI)/peroxydisulfate(PMS),Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS,on wastewater activated sludge(WAS) dewatering and organics distribution in supernatant and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) layers were investigated.The highest reduction in bound water and the most WAS destruction was achieved by Acid-ZVI/PMS,and the optimum conditions were pH 3,ZVI dosage 0.15 g/g dry solid(DS),oxone dosage 0.07 g/g DS and reaction time 10.6 min with the reductions in capillary suction time(CST) and water content(Wc) as 19.67% and 8.49%,respectively.Four conditioning approaches could result in TOC increase in EPS layers and supernatant,and protein(PN) content in tightly bound EPS(TB-EPS).After conditioning,organics in EPS layers could migrate to supernatant.Polysaccharide(PS) was easier to migrate to supernatant than PN.In addition,Acid,Acid-ZVI/PMS or Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS conditioning promoted the release of some polysaccharides containing ring vibrations v P=O,v C-O-C,v C-O-P functional groups from TB-EPS.ESR spectra proved that both radicals of SO_4~-· and·OH contributed to dewatering and organics transformation and migration.CST value of WAS positively correlated with the ratios of PN/PS in LB-EPS and total EPS,while it negatively correlated with TOC,PN content and PS content in TB-EPS,as well as PS content in supernatant and LB-EPS.BWC negatively correlated to zeta potential and TOC value,PN content,and HA content in supernatant.     

MAP法处理氨氮废水最佳条件的研究

MAP法是一种比较新颖有效的处理氨氮的方法，该方法是通过化学沉淀的方式使废水中的氨氢浓度降到很低。而且沉淀反应不受温度、水中毒素的限制。由单项试验以及正交实验的方法对MAP法处理氨氮废水的工艺进行优化研究，结果表明，在pH=8.5，反应时间为3h,Mg:N:P=1:3:1.0:1.1时为较佳反应条件；氨氮的去除率随着反应时间的增加而增加，随着Mg:N比值的增加而增加。     

微型反应柱在含铬废水处理试验研究中的应用

针对镀铬车间废水,采用活性炭吸附处理法对Cr6 和Cr3 的去除效果进行了系统的试验.通过微型反应柱集成装置对穿透时间、吸附容量及活性炭再生方法进行了研究,动态试验表明该装置能有效地处理含铬废水.     

人工神经元网络对水处理系统建模适应性的研究

针对水处理系统的特点和研究中的难点，引入人工神经元网络的理论和思想，提出了水处理系统的神经网络分析方法．通过建立基于ＢＰ人工神经元网络的臭氧生物活性炭系统的模型，具体地考察了人工神经元网络对水处理系统建模的适应性，使水处理系统的研究迈向智能化和控制化．     

超声波处理石化厂剩余活性污泥

采用超声波处理石化污水处理厂的剩余活性污泥。介绍了超声波对污泥的作用机理，初步研究了超声波处理污泥的影响因素。大功率超声波可以降解生物污泥，释放出其中的有机物。小功率超声波能够改善污泥的膨胀特性、提高污泥沉淀特性和脱水能力、降低污泥的含水率，达到减量的目的。经超声波处理并简单过滤的污泥滤液，COD达到4200mg／L左右，污泥含水率由94％降至85％左右。     

黑索金废水的处理

以球形活性炭为吸附剂，用吸附法处理黑索金（ＲＤＸ）废水，出水能够达到国家排放标准，球形活性炭的动态饱和吸附量为０．１２３－０．１４０ｇ／ｇ，吸附带长为２ｍ。吸附饱和的球形活性炭，可用碱液以复再生。笔者还提出了数学模型，导出了处理实验数据公式，此公式可推广应用于同类吸附实验数据处理。     

苯乙烯废水活性炭吸附装置的评价及改进研究

对抚顺石化公司化工塑料厂苯乙烯废水活性炭吸附装置的预处理设施、活性炭吸附及再生性能进行了评价，分析了出水水质超标的主要原因，用混凝沉淀－砂滤流程改进了原处理工艺，使出水水质得到了显著改善。