基于改进PSO算法的室内时变污染源定位方法

室内污染源泄漏灾害预防是室内环境和公共安全等领域亟待解决的重要问题。快速定位室内污染源的位置是有效实施污染源控制的前提条件,也是进一步指导人员疏散和应急救援的关键依据。室内污染源因位置和释放强度的变化使得室内污染源形式繁多,而当前室内污染源定位研究主要集中在释放强度恒定的污染源上,针对释放强度时变的污染源定位研究较少。因此,提出了利用改进的粒子群智能搜索策略,基于主动嗅觉定位室内时变污染源的方法。通过对室内二维通风房间内泄漏速率呈衰减特征的时变污染源的泄漏模拟与源定位分析,表明了室内时变污染源定位方法的可操作性和可行性。     

大型空间桁架天线振动控制及作动器位置优化

目的对在轨大型空间柔性桁架天线结构振动进行主动控制及作动器位置优化。方法采用线性二次型最优控制算法对天线结构进行振动抑制,以系统能量和控制能量的和作为优化性能指标,利用遗传算法对作动器的位置进行优化。结果在优化配置的两个作动器控制作用下,受到激扰的天线结构振动便在10 s内得到良好得抑制,振动幅值减小了一个量级。结论适当地增加作动器数目,恰当地配置作动器的位置能有效抑制柔性天线结构的振动。     

活性炭生物转盘法处理化工废水

使用固定剂将颗粒状活性炭固定在盘片上，制成了一种新型生物转盘盘片——活性炭生物转盘盘片。采用一级微型生物转盘法处理模拟化工废水，对比了活性炭、石英砂、聚丙烯3种生物转盘的处理效果。实验结果表明，活性炭生物转盘对COD的去除效果好于其他两种转盘。在进水COD为600mg／L、水力停留时间为6h、盘片转速为4r／min的条件下，活性炭生物转盘对COD的去除率可达71．3％。此外，活性炭生物转盘还有较强的耐有机负荷冲击能力。在废水处理过程中，活性炭仅在挂膜的前7天起吸附作用，挂膜成功后生物降解起主导作用。     

带压堵漏技术在煤气管道上的应用

济钢焦化厂处理煤气管道环形焊缝泄漏点采取了不停产带压堵漏技术，将特制的卡子固定在煤气管道上的泄漏部分，再用活动法兰连接，从而达到堵漏和提高管道强度的目的。     

絮凝剂PSPAFC中铁铝共聚物的形态表征

通过pH值、测定波长、溶液浓度、分析试剂等确定改进了经典的Fenon逐时络合比色法,使其能用于测定Fe、Al共存溶液中[Fe,A1]的含量,从而测定实际含Fe、Al共聚物的溶液中[Fe,Al]的形态分布.结果表明,在pH=5.0,波长为362 nm,铝铁总浓度在1×10-5-1×10-4mol/L范围内,Fe、Al共聚...     

两种ZSM-5沸石分子筛吸附水中氨氮的研究

考察了两种硅铝比分别为25及50的ZSM-5沸石分子筛对水中氨氮的吸附性能及影响因素.研究表明,25℃时,25H及50H型沸石的吸附平衡时间分别为10 min和35 min,吸附等温线均符合Langmuir经验模型,25 H型分子筛的饱和吸附容量较大,为7.83 mg/g,50H型分子筛为4.36 mg/g.当吸附剂投...     

静态雾水采集器性能的评估

文章通过对日本神奈川县丹沢.大山中不同位置安装的静态雾水采集器采集样品的分析结果,分别与动态雾水采集器及同一地点采集的雨水样品的分析结果进行线性相关性的分析后得出:动态雾水采集器的性能虽然好于静态雾水采集器。但是,静态雾水采集器安置的环境如果适当,那么静态雾水采集器所采集的样品能够反映大气环境的状况,并且由于其价格低廉、不耗电特点,是一个很好的大气监测设备。     

Electro-assisted regeneration of ion exchange resins

Electro-assisted regeneration (EAR) for the mixed bed of strongly acidic cation and weakly basic anion exchange resins with the Al(OH)3 suspension in a three-compartment cell was investigated. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristic of the regenerated mixed resins. Experimental results showed that the efficiency of resin regeneration was strictly dependent on the voltage, regeneration time, and feed regenerant flow rate. The amount of the effluent reached 50 times the volume of the resins bed, and the conductivity was less than 1.0 μs/cm. Compared to the conventional ER, the total effluent volume of EAR was about 1000 mL more than that of ER under the same conditions, and the outlet conductivity was significantly lower. The desalination and regeneration reaction mechanisms of the mixed resins indicated the regeneration efficiency of resin with Al(OH)₃ as the regenerant was much higher than that with H₂O.     

Fish transplantation and stress-related biomarkers as useful tools for assessing water quality

The active biomonitoring (ABM) approach was investigated using species of indigenous (from a pristine site) and transplanted (to a polluted area) fish Carassius auratus as an indicator organism of water/sediment pollution in Taihu Lake, a highly urbanized and industrialized area. The biotransformation enzymes 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), reduced glutathione (GSH) content, catalase activities (CAT) and lipoperoxidation (as MDA) in liver were determined as stress-related biomarkers during the field exposure period. At the same time, the contents of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and heavy metals in the surface sediments of biomonitoring sites were also determined. The results indicate that the in situ exposed organisms were stressed. The marked increases of EROD, GSH, CAT and MDA in transplanted animals, suggested their potential application as biomarkers in pollution monitoring. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) was used to evaluate an integrated impact of toxicants from different polluted sites.     

酸性矿山排水被动处理方法研究进展

介绍了酸性矿山废水的产生及危害,以及国内外处理酸性矿山废水技术的最新进展,对酸性矿山废水（AMD）处理方法从主动处理技术和被动处理技术两方面进行了介绍,主动处理技术主要是中和法,此方法使用碱性化学物质（主要包括：石灰、石灰石、苏打、苛性碱、过氧化钙、氨等）中和AMD。被动处理方法是利用自然产生的化学物质和生物过程处理AMD,被动处理技术有：人工湿地,缺氧石灰沟,垂直流动系统（如连续碱度产生系统）,转换井,石灰塘,可渗透反应墙法,石灰石过滤床（LSB）,矿渣过滤床（SLB）和敞口石灰渠道。并将主动处理技术与被动处理技术的优缺点进行了比较。