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模拟实验在四川炼油厂环境影响评价中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究拟建炼油厂表层土壤渗透情况及对特征污染物油的吸附和截留情况 ,实施了渗水实验 ,每隔30min测定一次渗水量 ,渗水实验时间为3h。还实施了土柱淋滤实验 ,土柱长度1.2m ,直径30cm ,装填高度1m ,土柱为五层 ,按层测定实验前后土壤中的含油量。实验结果表明 :预计事故排放及短时的含油污水泄漏 ,将不会对地下水环境质量造成大的影响。 相似文献
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886.
絮凝-树脂吸附法处理高色度邻硝基苯胺废水 总被引:16,自引:2,他引:14
采用絮凝-树脂吸附法处理高色度邻硝基苯胺废水,比较了不同絮凝剂的处理效果。试验结果表明,用硫酸铝作絮凝剂,以生石灰作助凝剂,加入少量高分子絮凝剂进行絮凝沉降处理,然后用CHA-101树脂进行吸附处理,处理后废水色度由≥16000倍降至40倍以下,COD由≥5000mg/L降至≤80mg/L,PH6~7。 相似文献
887.
Emo Chiellini Andrea Corti Barbara Politi Roberto Solaro 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2000,8(2):67-79
The rates and extents of absorption and desorption of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) samples on different solid substrates comprising montmorillonite, quartz sand, and farm soil, as well as humic acid mixture are reported. The uptake of PVA by the substrates was analyzed as a function of PVA hydrolysis (72–98%), molecular weight, and molecular weight distribution. Higher adsorption was detected on montmorillonite followed by farm soil, whereas the quartz sand did not display any specific adsorption affinity for the PVA. An increase in the hydrolysis degree of PVA increased the adsorption rate and extent whereas this feature was reversed by an increase in PVA molecular weight. The desorption of PVA samples from the different substrates was performed both under various pH conditions and in the presence of concentrated HF that was used to dissolve the silicon derivatives present in the substrates. Biodegradation experiments carried out in liquid cultures of PVA adsorbed on montmorillonite showed that the mineralization of the adsorbed PVA was much lower than that detected for the nonadsorbed PVA. This investigation suggests that irreversible adsorption of PVA on the clay component occurs in soil, thus substantially inhibiting PVA biodegradation. 相似文献
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Elizabeth A. Langridge Ana B. Sendova-Franks Nigel R. Franks 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2008,62(3):447-456
Certain groups of organisms are capable of improving their collective performance with experience. In a recent study, we demonstrated
that, over successive emigrations, colonies of the ant Temnothorax albipennis are able to improve their collective performance by reducing the time taken to complete an emigration (Langridge et al.,
Behav Ecol Sociobiol 56:523–529, 2004). In this paper, by recording the performance of individually marked workers during
repeated emigrations, we were able to analyse some of the ways in which time gains are achieved. We found that: (1) those
transporters that also transported in the preceding emigration began to transport earlier in the current emigration and, in
the majority of emigrations, transported more items than those transporters that had not transported in the preceding emigration;
(2) the time that elapsed before the first item was transported into the new nest reduced over successive emigrations, and
this first item was, in the majority of emigrations, carried by a transporter that had also transported in the preceding emigration;
(3) the number of adults that were transported reduced over successive emigrations. Our results strongly suggest that the
behaviour of transporters that also transported in a preceding emigration may be modified as a result of their experience
and that, consequently, their efforts in the next emigration make a major contribution to the improved performance of the
colony as a whole. 相似文献
890.
在模拟多种金属离子[Cr(VI),Cu2+,Zn2+和Cd2+共存的电镀废水中,采用新型生物催化合成矿物无定型羟基硫酸高铁(Schwertmannite,施氏矿物)去除废水中的Cr(VI).实验结果表明,施氏矿物对Cr(VI)络阴离子具有很强的选择性吸附,整个吸附过程符合Langmiur方程.吸附的最佳pH值为6.0~7.0,最大吸附量为55mg/g,且当Cr(VI)初始浓度≤100mg/L时,去除率达90%以上.在温度20~50℃范围内,温度变化对吸附的影响较小.一价阴离子(如Cl-和NO3-)对Cr(VI)的去除干扰极小,而仅当介质中SO42-和PO43-与Cr(VI)的摩尔比分别超过5:1和1:5时,2种无机阴离子才影响施氏矿物对Cr(VI)的吸附. 相似文献