黄河口湿地表层沉积物中磷赋存形态的分析

于2009年4月在黄河口湿地采集表层沉积物,利用改进后的SEDEX方法对沉积物样品进行了磷形态的分析.结果表明,表层沉积物中总磷含量变化范围为12.12~25.37μmol·g-1,平均值为20.70μmol·g-1,其中自生磷灰石磷和碎屑磷灰石磷为表层沉积物中磷的主要赋存形式.中值粒径与各形态磷含量密切相关,弱吸附态磷、自生磷灰石磷、活性有机磷含量与中值粒径呈显著负相关关系;碎屑磷灰石磷含量与中值粒径呈显著正相关关系.有机质含量影响各形态磷在沉积物中含量,弱吸附态磷、活性有机磷、自生磷灰石磷含量均随TOC含量增加而升高.包括弱吸附态磷、活性有机磷和铁结合态磷在内的生物可利用磷含量变化为1.15~6.74μmol·g-1,平均值为4.27μmol·g-1,占总磷的摩尔分数为6.35%~30.4%.     

准噶尔盆地夏盐11井区三工河组沉积相特征

本文在对准噶尔盆地夏盐11井区各井所取的侏罗系三工河组岩芯观察描述及室内粒度分析的基础上,根据沉积相标志确定夏盐11井区侏罗系三工河组为水下分流河道沉积;通过单井划相、剖面相分析及平面相分析,编制出夏盐11井区侏罗系三工河组沉积相图,解决了夏盐11井区储集层的沉积相问题。     

贵州瓮安岚关磷矿元素特征及沉积环境分析

为了详细研究贵州瓮安岚关地区晚震旦世灯影期元素特征及沉积环境演化,对该区广泛发育的叠层石磷块岩进行了系统采样分析。结果表明,叠层石磷块岩中较高的Ca/(Ca+Fe)值及纹层构造的发育,指示研究区沉积期属于超咸水环境;而Sr/Ba值则说明沉积期古海水盐度发生多次改变。微量元素总量、Sr含量以及1000×(Sr/Ca)值等反映沉积期瓮安岚关一带水体深度较浅,水深变化频繁。Fe的存在形式、V/Cr及Ceanom值说明沉积期岚关地区处于一个较为氧化环境中。而Al/Ti值及Mg/Ca值则说明沉积期岚关地区降雨量较多,古气候较潮湿。     

Gas and Organic Matter in Last Glacial and Holocenic Sediments of Venice Lagoon

Two drills (MBM1* and MBM2) provided at “Bocca di Malamocco” gave environmental and palaeo-environmental information on sedimentation for the last 50,000 years. the MBM2 supplies textural, gas and organic matter studies of sediment and principal ion content of pore water. Two main palaeo-environments, divided in six cycles, are recognized. Marine environment characterizes the sediment above 12.80 metres below sea level (mbsl) and continental environment dominates the sediments below.

The concentration/depth profiles of dissolved ammonia, phosphates and gases are related to the occurrence of a relatively high organic content in the sediment core. Carbon dioxide to methane ratio shows a constant value below 20 mbsl, while above that level only carbon dioxide was detected. A sulphate gradient in the transition zone between the marine to fresh water interval suggests a methane oxidation. These findings indicate that diffusive transport of methane from marine sediments to the atmosphere may be considered minimal. the sedimentary cycles are related to the oxygen isotopic stages. They suggest a variable hydraulic regime occurred during the last Glacial time in the palaeo-plain corresponding to the present Venice lagoon.     

长江中下游中生代沉积盆地的含矿建造

本文讨论了长江中下游地区中生代沉积盆地演化与成矿作用的关系。印支旋回本区在挤压构造环境下，形成坳褶盆地和海退序列的含矿建造；早中三叠世在局限台地-萨布哈环境下形成周冲村组富铁碳酸盐、铅锌、膏（盐）等合矿建造；中三餐世与三角洲前线亚相有关的沉积环境下形成黄马青组含铜砂岩建造。南象运动是一次变格运动，其界面直接控制象山组砂岩铀矿。晚自垩世与拉伸引张构造有关，形成断陷盆地中的巨厚膏盐矿产．作者认为盆地演化及卤水流体是本区多旋回成矿作用最本质的因素。     

秦岭镇旬盆地南羊山组沉积物C/S值与沉积环境

介绍了正常海相硅质细碎屑沉积物有机碳与硫化物硫比值（C／S）的含义。以秦岭镇旬盆地南羊山组不同沉积环境沉积物C／S值为例，讨论了还原环境中活性铁的不足对沉积物C／S值的影响，以及有深部成矿物质参与的沉积物具后期发生流化物化沉积物特征的可能性。     

江苏及邻区中生代含油气盆地的类型、沉积特征和地球动力学背景

根据研究，江苏及邻区中生代含油气盆地按时序可依次划分为海相裂陷盆地（Ｔ_１－Ｔ_２~１）、前陆盆地（Ｔ_２~２－Ｊ_(１＋２)）、陆内走滑一拉张盆地（Ｊ_３－Ｋ_１）、陆内拗陷盆地（Ｋ_(2ｐ＋２ｃ)）和陆内断陷盆地（Ｋ_(２１)—Ｅ）五类。这些盆地随着时间和空间的变化，在沉积充填序列、沉积-构造演化、油气储集等方面均具不同特征，反映它们是在不同地球动力学背景下发生变化的结果。     

微山湖地区石炭-二叠纪煤的稀土元素沉积地球化学

采用仪器中子活化分析（INAA）测试了微山湖地区石炭－二叠纪不同沉积环境形成煤样的稀土元素含量，并分析了煤的稀土元素地球化学特征。研究结果表明，煤的稀土元素含量及其配分模式与成煤环境密切相关．具有良好的指相意义。     

A century-long trend of metal pollution in the Sheyang River,on the coast of Jiangsu (China), reconstructed from sedimentary record

In order to reveal the historical context of metal element accumulation under the economic boom during the last decades in eastern China, concentrations of nine metal elements, radionuclides (²¹⁰Pb), Pb isotope ratios (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb) and sedimentary characteristics were investigated in two sediment cores collected from the Sheyang River. The sediments have recorded the heavy metal deposition and thus allow establishing a connection between the temporal evolution of the heavy metal pollution and historical changes in industrial and urban discharges. Enrichment factors (EFs) were calculated to estimate the level of contamination in these sediments. A significant anthropogenic enrichment of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr and Zn was highlighted, which were identified from anthropogenic discharges from cities and industrial sources, according to a cluster analysis. According to the annual variation in GDP growth rate, industrial growth rate, ratio of ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb and EFs, it was obvious that sedimentary accumulation of metals has a close relationship with anthropogenic activities. In the pre-industrial period, natural inputs prevailed with lower EF and constant ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ratios around 0.82. However, during 1980–1995, the rapid industrial development caused a gradual increase in EFs and ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb (>0.83). Our results disinterred the evolution of anthropogenic metal inputs in the last century into the Sheyang River.     

长江三角洲平原南部上新世以来古环境演变及多重地层划分

对长江三角洲平原BZK01钻孔进行沉积物¹⁴C测年、粒度、磁学、孢粉和微体古生物分析,结合伽玛测井、岩性地层讨论了上新世以来钻孔揭示的孢粉组合、沉积环境演化、沉积相和古气候特征,建立了钻孔的第四纪多重地层划分对比框架。结果表明,受原始地形地貌、海平面变化、海陆变迁、古气候冷暖更替及新构造运动的影响,研究区上新世以来经历了多次环境变化。钻孔自下而上揭示岩性地层依次为基岩长河组、新近纪-第四纪沉积的嘉兴组、前港组、东浦组、宁波组、镇海组,孢粉组合可划分出16个孢粉带,按暖期温暖潮湿-冷期寒冷干燥古气候旋回变化的周期律,BZK01钻孔反映该区域共存在7个古气候旋回。建立的钻孔多重地层划分对比揭示151.9～278.0 m为河流相和河湖相交替沉积的上新世-早更新世时期,存在两个气候旋回过程;83.5～151.9 m为河流相-河湖相-浅湖相沉积环境的中更新世,包含两个气候旋回过程;15.4～83.5 m为晚更新世,沉积环境自下而上为河口相-河湖相-潮坪相-滨海相-河湖相,与王店海侵-杭州海侵时期对应,包括两个气候旋回;0～15.4 m为河口相-河湖相-泻湖相沉积环境的全新世,对应富阳海侵,包括一个气候旋回。