Heterotrophic ammonium removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifying-denitrifying bacterium, Providencia rettgeri YL

Bacterium Providencia rettgeri YL was found to exhibit an unusual ability to heterotrophically nitrify and aerobically denitrify various concentrations of ammonium (NH4 +-N). In order to further understand its removal ability, several experiments were conducted to identify the growth and ammonium removal response at di erent carbon to nitrogen (C/N) mass ratios, shaking speeds, temperatures, ammonium concentrations and to qualitatively verify the production of nitrogen gas using gas chromatography techniques. Results showed that under optimum conditions (C/N 10, 30°C, 120 r/min), YL can significantly remove low and high concentrations of ammonium within 12 to 48 h of growth, respectively. The nitrification products hydroxylamine (NH2OH), nitrite (NO2??) and nitrate (NO3??) as well as the denitrification product, nitrogen gas (N2), were detected under completely aerobic conditions.     

好氧颗粒污泥处理制糖工业废水厌氧出水的除磷特性研究

制糖工业废水经厌氧生物处理后,COD大幅下降,但是出水中N、P含量仍然较高,严重破坏水体生态平衡.利用好氧颗粒污泥对制糖工业废水的厌氧出水进行脱氮除磷处理,讨论了其除磷过程.经复合底物(乙酸盐、丙酸盐、丁酸盐)培养的好氧颗粒污泥直径1.7 mm,SVI为38.43 mL.g-1,TP去除率达90.9%,出水磷含量仅为1.3 mg.L-1,单位COD释磷率为0.571,厌氧条件下磷的释放速率达到5.73 mg.(g.h)-1,好氧颗粒污泥表现出较好的沉淀性能和较高的除磷活性.由于底物中丙酸盐、丁酸盐含量增加,使得聚磷菌在反硝化过程中NO3--N的利用率增加,即消耗单位质量的NO3--N可以吸收更多的磷.好氧颗粒污泥及其胞外聚合物中P元素的含量与其中Mg、Ca、Fe元素的含量表现出很高的相关性,胞外聚合物对P的吸附使得体系除磷能力进一步增强.通过对污泥反硝化除磷的研究发现,反硝化聚磷菌占总聚磷菌的61.9%,其吸磷量与消耗硝酸盐的比值[m(P)/m(NO3--N)]为1.14.     

低浓度辛基酚的好氧生物降解特性和群落多样性

利用摇瓶序批式试验研究了好氧菌群对低浓度辛基酚的生物降解特性和群落特征.结果表明,在辛基酚初始浓度水平为200、100、50μg·L-1的条件下,一级反应动力学常数分别为0.131、0.219和0.431d-1,辛基酚浓度升高显示出一定的代谢抑制作用.在pH值为5～9的范围内,弱碱性条件(pH=8)最有利于辛基酚的生物降解.甲醇、葡萄糖、苯酚、酵母浸出物等有机添加物普遍可以改善辛基酚的生物代谢,其中,苯酚和酵母浸出物的促进效果最明显,在200μg·L-1的初始浓度下,辛基酚降解半衰期从5.3d分别降至3.2d和2.3d.与较高浓度烷基酚类污染物试验结果不同,实验过程中发现的主要优势菌以γ-proteobacteria、β-proteobacteria和Firmicutes为主.     

好氧颗粒污泥形成过程与机理分析

以西安市第三污水处理厂氧化沟中的普通絮状活性污泥为接种污泥,人工配制的模拟生活废水为营养,表面气体上升流速为1.06~1.77 cm/s时,在SBR反应器中成功培养出了好氧颗粒污泥,SVI值由最初的168 mL/g逐渐降低至40 mL/g左右,污泥表现出了良好的沉降性能,同时,对COD、TN、TP的去除率分别达到了95%、96%和98%。研究认为,颗粒污泥的形成是一个微生态系统形成的过程,水力剪切力是其形成的一个重要影响因素,直接影响到好氧颗粒污泥微生物种群的结构和分布;从丝状微生物与微生态群落的关系分析,胶团菌与结构丝状菌之间相互依存,丝状微生物形成了絮体骨架,为絮体形成较大颗粒提供了必要条件。     

超声波-缺氧/好氧消化过程污泥胞外聚合物和溶出物的变化研究

为研究超声波促进污泥缺氧/好氧消化的机制,采用均匀试验得到的最佳超声波参数与缺氧/好氧消化衔接进行间歇试验,通过生物化学分析法研究了消化过程污泥EPS指标(多糖、蛋白质、DNA和总量)和相应溶出物的变化趋势,同时以未经超声处理的消化过程作对照.均匀试验结果表明,在超声波声能密度0.1 W/mL,超声处理时间15 min...     

接合子细胞强化对生物反应器降解2，4-D效应研究

研究了接合性质粒pJP4在2株纯菌E．coliDH5α、Alcaligenes sp．及好氧颗粒污泥混合菌群中的水平转移情况,并以获得pJP4质粒的接合子Alcaligenes sp．：：pJP4为强化菌种,考察了接合子细胞强化对好氧颗粒反应器和生物膜反应器中难降解有机物2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）的去除效应．结...     

好氧/厌氧多级串联潜流人工湿地脱氮效果

为了调整传统潜流湿地内部溶解氧分布状态,提高其对生活污水水质净化的效率,对传统潜流湿地进行了不同区段的划分及功能强化,设计了不同结构的好氧/厌氧多级串联潜流人工湿地,研究了好氧/厌氧段比例、位置及人工曝气等因素对脱氮效率的影响,并与传统潜流湿地进行净化效果的比较.结果表明,传统潜流湿地对NH4+-N和TN的去除率分别为...     

Effects of activated sludge flocs and pellets seeds on aerobic granule properties

Aerobic granules seeded with activated sludge flocs and pellets (obtained from activated sludge flocs) were cultivated in two sequencing batch reactors and their characteristics were compared. Compared with granules seeded with activated sludge flocs, those seeded with pellets had shorter start-up time, larger diameter, better chemical oxygen demand removal e ciency, and higher hydrophobicity, suspended solid concentration, and Mg2+ content. The di erent inocula led the granule surface with di erent microbial morphologies, but did not result in di erent distribution patterns of extracellular polymeric substances and cells. The anaerobic bacterium Anoxybacillus sp. was detected in the granules seeded with pellets. These results highlighted the advantage of pellet over activated sludge floc as the seed for aerobic granulation and wastewater treatment.     

Biodegradation of beet molasses vinasse by a mixed culture of micro organisms: Effect of aeration conditions and pH control

Upon aeration, the mixed microbial SCD ProBio OriginalTM culture may be used as the first stage in a two- or multi-stage system for the biodegradation of beet molasses vinasse.     

好氧颗粒污泥吸附Cu2+的研究

以厌氧颗粒污泥作为接种物,在序批式间歇反应器(SBR)中培养出沉淀性能较好的好氧颗粒污泥,研究了好氧颗粒污泥对Cu2+的吸附作用.结果表明,好氧颗粒污泥主要由球状菌组成,具有明显的孔隙结构.在恒温水浴30℃、pH为7.5的条件下,Langmuir吸附等温模型较Freundlich等温吸附模型能更好的进行拟合(RL=0....