不同煤种升温氧化过程中气体产物特征研究

以不同煤种的煤样为研究对象,对其进行程序升温氧化实验,采集不同温度时煤样所产生的气体,进行气相色谱分析,研究不同煤样升温氧化过程中产生的气体种类以及气体浓度的变化特征。实验结果表明:不同煤样升温氧化过程中产生的气体种类不同,气体产生先后顺序依次是CO、C2H6、C2H4、C3H8,气体产生量与温度都近似呈指数变化关系;随煤变质程度的增高,煤样气体产生率急剧上升的拐点温度也变高,煤样氧化能力降低,相同时间段内煤样产生气体量却减少。     

焊后局部热处理的加热范围

对ASME及国内压力容器相关标准的新旧版本关于焊后局部热处理加热范围的规定进行了对比分析,指出某些标准对同类条款表达不准确,容易引起设计、制造和监检等各方争议。个别国内标准在新版中对加热宽度的规定欠妥。     

Modelling of a downdraft gasifier fed by agricultural residues

A non-stoichiometric model for a downdraft gasifier was developed in order to simulate the overall gasification process. Mass and energy balances of the gasifier were calculated and the composition of produced syngas was predicted. The capacity of the modeled gasifier was assumed to be 0.5 MW, with an Equivalence Ratio (EQ) of 0.45. The model incorporates the chemical reactions and species involved, while it starts by selecting all species containing C, H, and O, or any other dominant elements. Olive wood, miscanthus and cardoon were tested in the formulated model for a temperature range of 800-1200 °C, in order to examine the syngas composition and the moisture impact on the supplied fuel. Model results were then used in order to design an olive wood gasification reactor.     

A novel radiant floor system: Detailed characterization and comparison with traditional radiant systems

ABSTRACT

Radiant floor systems have the potential to reduce energy consumption and the carbon footprint of buildings. This study analyzed a novel radiant panel configuration comprising a metal plate with small spikes that can be pressed into cement board or wood. The behavior of this configuration was simulated for different materials for the metal plate, spike dimensions, and varying spacing between spikes. An annual energy simulation model compared the radiant panel configuration with the traditional concrete-based system. Simulations were run under heating dominant, cooling dominant, and neutral conditions; significant cost savings and greenhouse gas emission reduction were seen across all scenarios.     

湿煤堆自热过程的非稳态数学模拟

利用简化的自热过程一维数学模型,分析煤堆内水分变化及迁移对煤堆自热所能达到的最高温度的影响。分析结果表明：当煤堆内水蒸气达到饱和时,预计的煤堆最高温度将低于９０℃;而当煤堆中气流的相对湿度减小时,预计的煤堆最高温度将会超过１００℃。结果还表明,把气流相对湿度与煤堆含水量之间的平衡关系引入自热过程的非稳态数学模型,不仅是可行的,而且能够更客观地描述实际煤堆的自热过程。     

对县级发展热电联产的初步探讨

从地区资源优势、城市总体规划、热电联产的供需条件以及节能减排等方面对县级发展热电联产加以探讨。阐述了具备条件的县级应积极发展热电联产项目;根据当地生产陶瓷需要大量燃气以及解决非供暖期能源利用的瓶颈等问题,提出法库县发展热电联产要首选IGCC技术。     

2008年北京采暖开始前后大气颗粒物化学成分及来源研究

为了系统反映北京采暖开始前后大气颗粒物的特征,于2008年10月底到12月初在北京北三环内城区使用分级式撞击采样仪进行了大气颗粒物采样,并用质子激发X射线荧光分析(PIXE)方法对其中16种化学元素浓度进行了分析.结果表明,采暖开始后16种元素总浓度较采暖期前增长3%,As、Cu在采暖期间的浓度增幅在30%以上,采暖开始后细粒子中Pb浓度增长为27%.富集因子分析结果表明,Cu、As、Pb等元素细粒子的富集因子比1999年同期有明显减小,说明北京近年来实行的环保措施较为有效.     

天津地区地热热泵联合供热方式的可行性分析

天津地区蕴藏着丰富的低温地热资源,分析表明,开发地热能并使用水源热泵对室内进行供暖是可行的,与燃煤热水锅炉供热相比,具有节省矿物能源、降低成本、保护环境的优势,适合在天津及广大北方地区推广。     

Microwave thermal remediation of crude oil contaminated soil enhanced by carbon fiber

Thermal remediation of the soil contaminated with crude oil using microwave heating enhanced by carbon fiber (CF) was explored. The contaminated soil was treated with 2.45 GHz microwave, and CF was added to improve the conversion of microwave energy into thermal energy to heat the soil. During microwave heating, the oil contaminant was removed from the soil matrix and recovered by a condensation system of ice-salt bath. The experimental results indicated that CF could e ciently enhance the microwave heating of soil even with relatively low-dose. With 0.1 wt.% CF, the soil could be heated to approximately 700°C within 4 min using 800 W of microwave irradiation. Correspondingly, the contaminated soil could be highly cleaned up in a short time. Investigation of oil recovery showed that, during the remediation process, oil contaminant in the soil could be e ciently recovered without causing significant secondary pollution.     

海绵钛还原蒸馏加热炉高效节能技术浅析

克劳尔法生产海绵钛的还原蒸馏是一个高能耗过程。在对其工艺过程进行综合分析的基础上,寻找并提出以导热系数更低的硅酸铝耐火纤维模块全面代替传统的石棉板、保温砖、耐火砖等作为保温层的解决方案,实现海绵钛还原蒸馏加热炉的高效节能。