市场经济条件下江西农业资源的综合开发

本文简述了市场经济的基本特征及其对农业资源综合开发提出的新要求，分析了目前江西农业资源开发利用中存在的问题，提出了在社会主义市场经济体制条件下，综合开发江西农业资源，发展高产优质高效农业应遵循的原则及应采取的对策和措施。     

论市场经济条件下农业资源的综合开发

本文论述了农业资源综合开发的含义与特点,社会主义市场经济对农业资源综合开发提出的新要求及对策,并以江苏省南通市为例具体探讨了如何开展与社会主义市场经济相适应的农业资源综合开发。     

涟水县第二期黄淮海农业开发──中低产田改造的经济效益分析

本文通过对涟水县第二期黄淮海农业开发中低产田改造项目的实施，计算了该实施项目的经济效益，并对工程进行了经济评估。结果表明，该工程效益十分显著，开发项目切实可行。     

The value content of agricultural technologies and their effect on rural regions and farmers

The premise of this article is that technologies are not neutral in terms of their design objectives, their scale, and the fact that they reflect the physical and social environments in which they have developed. Specific agricultural technologies, the midwestern plow, the California tomato harvester, and various biotechnologies, are evaluated in these terms and shown to have generally predictable impacts upon rural regions and farmers. Finally, the article examines a series of major threats such as climate change that require the rethinking and restructuring of agriculture along more sustainable lines, something the can be accomplished only with a conscious recognition of the non-neutrality of technologies.This article was prepared for the conference Ethical Choice in an Age of Pervasive Technology, University of Guelph, October 25–29, 1989.     

On Sustainable Development of Social Forestry in Bangladesh: Experiences from Sal (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Shorea Robusta</Emphasis>) Forests

Sustainability in forestry is a complex amalgam of trade-offs among its various dimensions and there is no easy route to achieve sustainable development. It is important that policy process and implementation strategy of these policies should be based on sound information about these trade-offs. There is a growing consensus amongst key forest decision-makers in Bangladesh that traditional forestry is needed to make the transition to more sustainable forestry, which is likely to involve local people in forest management. As a result, the government has initiated a social forestry program from 1981 with the assistance of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) loan and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) grant and operated mainly in Sal forest areas. The most important objective of this program is to protect, manage, and develop forests in a sustainable way by involving local communities. Although several studies have focused on the management issues of social forestry, none of these studies has evaluated the indicators of sustainable social forestry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the criteria of sustainable development of social forestry in Bangladesh. The study is based on primary cross-sectional data collected using the multistage stratified sampling technique. In total, 581 social forestry farmers were selected randomly and interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. The study evaluated some important components of sustainable development and identified the following conditions of social forestry in Bangladesh:(i) almost all the components of sustainable development of social forestry, although not at the aspiration level, were at good condition;(ii) participants were interested and committed to work with Forest Department in developing social forestry;(iii) they had been utilizing both hard and soft technology in practicing social forestry, although there exists ample scope of development;(iv) income of participants after involving in social forestry had increased, although not at satisfactory level; and(v) process of producing social and material goods had been under progress.However, there exist plenty of scopes for sustainable social forestry development through improving the sustainable development components more carefully.Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue.     

农产品物流组织形式及其发展趋势

阐述了农产品物流组织的内涵和组织形式，提出了农产品物流组织发展的主流方向是第三方物流企业，发展的切入重点是农产品配送中心组织，发展的新趋势是农产品虚拟物流组织，并对不同农产品物流组织形式的发展等方面进行了分析。     

农业旱灾承灾体脆弱性评价--以湖南鼎城区为例

农业旱灾的形成是降水不足、不均与农业生产系统脆弱性共同作用的结果,脆弱性的高低会起到"放大"或"缩小"灾情的作用.本文以湖南鼎城区为例,通过分析该区旱灾致灾因子的特点,确定旱年年型的划分标准及对气象资料进行统计,发现该区干旱的季节性特点是秋旱比夏旱多、比夏旱严重.在此基础上,分析轻旱、中重旱、极重旱不同干旱程度下灾情形成过程及其与承灾体脆弱性的关系,构建了不同的脆弱性评价指标体系,并以不同干旱程度的旱年为实例进行评价.结果表明鼎城区承灾体脆弱性的分布有一定的区域性,其脆弱度高低排序为西北山岗地区、南部低山及丘陵区、中部平原及山岗地区、东北部河湖及平原区,与实际灾情的分布规律基本一致.通过分析不同干旱程度下各区脆弱度的形成和变化原因,提出了具有针对性的降低农业旱灾脆弱性的具体措施.     

RELATIVE LEACHING POTENTIALS ESTIMATED FROM HYDROLOGIC SOIL GROUPS1

Leaching of soils with water can be both beneficial and hazardous in the same instance, removing salts harmful to plants and contributing dissolved substances to groundwater. The leaching potential of a given soil is difficult to assess, even with complex instrumentation. This paper suggests that the final infiltration rates associated with the Hydrologic Soil Groups used by the USDA Soil Conservation Service in watershed planning may provide a useful guide in estimating quantities of leaching water moving through soil profiles.     

An Overview on the Mechanical Behaviour of Biodegradable Agricultural Films

The mechanical behavior of various types of biodegradable materials depends, mainly, on their chemical composition and the application conditions. Various additives are added into the bioblends to improve their properties, which sometimes even reach the levels of the conventional plastics. It is well known that the environmental conditions during production, storage, and usage of these materials influence their mechanical properties. Ageing during the useful lifetime also causes great losses in the elongation. In the present paper, the overall mechanical behavior of biodegradable films, which may be considered suitable for agricultural applications, but also of partially biodegradable films, is reviewed and analyzed. Selected critical mechanical properties of films before their exposure to biodegradation are investigated and compared against those of conventional agricultural films.     

对火电厂烟气脱硫产业化和运营市场化的探讨

就国家经济政策对火电厂烟气脱硫的作用、烟气脱硫产业发展和存在的问题及如何推行烟气脱硫设施运营市场化进行了探讨。