升流式曝气生物滤池深度处理城市污水的工艺特性

用升流式曝气生物滤池(UBAF)处理城市污水.经二级生化处理后,城市污水可生化性很差,但UBAF对其中的COD、BOD₅、SS、氨氮以及浊度分别有22.2%, 55%, 84.4%, 49%,75.6% 的去除效率.进水的有机负荷,水力负荷对BAF的运行效果均有一定的影响.     

Membrane flux dynamics in the submerged ultrafiltration hybrid treatment process during particle and natural organic matter removal

Exponential relationship was developed to quantify the normalized membrane flux dynamics during the filtration period and fitted the results well.     

曝气对两种人工湿地污水净化效果的影响

采用复合垂直流和水平潜流2种人工湿地处理混合污水,研究了在气水比(曝气体积/湿地进水体积)为2、4、6、8和10时2种人工湿地对污水的净化效果.结果显示:(1)复合垂直流人工湿地以气水比为2进行曝气时,对污水的净化效果最好,上行池出水的COD、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N平均去除率比不曝气时分别提高了16.47%、...     

A Multimedia Chemical Fate Model with Time-Dependent Air-Water Transfer Rates

A multimedia model for the temporal evolution of the concentration of chemical species in a water basin and its bottom sediment layer has been tested with time-dependent air-water transfer rates varying with the meteorological conditions over the basin. The multimedia model uses the chemical fugacity approach in a system of two ordinary differential equations for the chemical species partition in the two mentioned media, with transfer through the sediment-water and the air-water interfaces. The air-water transfer rates are estimated by a micrometeorological preprocessor. A scenario in which known concentrations in air of a soluble pollutant (benzene) induce water and sediment pollution is tested on both synthetic (MonteCarlo-simulated) and real series of meteorological data. It is found that the use of time-dependent transfer coefficients affects not only the relaxation time, but also the long term concentration of the pollutant in water and sediment, that differs between 10 and 40% in the examined cases when compared with the same multimedia model using average constant transfer rates as usual. This is shown to be due to the statistical correlations between meteorological parameters and air pollutant concentrations, which stresses the advantages of a time-dependent estimation of the transfer coefficients. Correction terms are proposed to take into account the correlation effects when a constant parameters multimedia model is used.     

纤维过滤器用于污水回用的研究

采用新型的纤维束过滤器对污水厂的二级出水进行了直接过滤和絮凝、过滤回用的研究。结果表明,过滤器在10~30 m/h的滤速下均能有效去除水中的SS和浊度,出水SS低于10 mg/L;对COD、BOD、TP和细菌总数的去除率分别为10%~80%、21%~50%、11%~81%和87%。采用硫酸铝作为絮凝剂与纤维过滤器联合处理技术能进一步提高出水的水质。通过单一水反冲洗和气水联合反冲洗的对比研究,发现气水联合反冲洗是适合恢复纤维束过滤器过滤效能的冲洗方式。在反冲洗水流量10~12 L/m2.s、水压0.1 MPa、空气流量60 L/m2.s、气压0.1 MPa的条件下,冲洗30 m in能够有效地恢复纤维过滤器的过滤性能。     

双滤料曝气生物滤池污水深度处理的研究

采用陶粒、沸石为滤料的曝气生物滤池对生物处理系统二级出水进行深度处理回用,研究了水力停留时间、气水体积比对污染物COD和NH3-N处理效果的影响。结果表明：水力停留时间为8 h,气水体积比为3∶1的工况下,处理效果较好。稳定运行后,出水COD、BOD5、SS、NH3-N、TP和色度平均值分别为15.6 mg/L、3.2 mg/L、8.5 mg/L、1.24 mg/L、0.40mg/L和8度,达到《城市污水再生利用—城市杂用水水质》（GB/T 18920-2002）标准,出水可用于道路清扫、绿化等。     

在线反冲洗控制MBR膜污染的试验

试验采用在线空气反冲洗和在线清水反冲洗控制膜生物反应器(MBR)膜污染。试验结果表明,通过在线空气反冲洗,膜通量最大可恢复至20.5L/(m2·h),恢复率为95.3%,反冲洗周期为5d,且30d后膜通量仍大于12L/(m2·h);采用在线清水反冲洗后,膜通量最大可恢复至20.9L/(m2·h),恢复率为97.7%,第34天进行第3次在线清水反冲洗后膜通量仍可恢复至19.8L/(m2·h)。     

粒状滤料过滤技术发展与应用的探讨

粒状滤料过滤技术广泛用于废水的深度处理.过滤技术使用后,快滤池技术发展迅速.随着多种滤料的开发,深层过滤技术得到发展,直接过滤工艺应运而生.反冲洗是快滤池的一项关键技术,气水联合反冲洗对滤料过滤能力的再生效果优于单水反冲洗.滤料过滤存在跑料、料层板结等问题,在工程实践中逐步得到改进.     

反冲洗措施改善垂直潜流人工湿地水力特性的研究

人工湿地污水处理工程中难以解决的问题之一是湿地基质堵塞,本研究尝试用反冲洗措施解决此问题。采用不同反冲洗方案研究了反冲洗措施对人工湿地堵塞程度的改善效果,同时分析了反冲洗措施对垂直潜流人工湿地污染物去除效果的改变和水力特性的影响。结果表明,反冲洗措施对解决垂直潜流人工湿地的堵塞有明显地改善;人工湿地发生淤堵使COD去除率下降,反冲洗后随着实际水力停留时间的延长,COD去除率较反冲洗前有所提高;在几种反冲洗方案中,气水联合反冲洗方案在单位面积流量为8～10 L(/m.2s),反冲洗时间为5~7 min时反冲洗效果最好。