Copper biosorption on immobilized seaweed biomass： Column breakthrough characteristics

The biosorption of copper by the brown seaweed Sargassum baccularia,immobilized onto polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)gel beads, was investigated with fixed-bed experiments.Laboratory-scale column tests were performed to determine breakthrough curves with varying flow rates and feed concentrations.A theoretical fixed-bed model,known as the Bohart-Adams equation,was evaluated in simulating the experimental breakthrough curves.The Bohart-Adams model qualitatively predicted the breakthrough trends.PVA- immobilized seaweed biomass beads were amenable to efficient regeneration with aqueous solution containing the chelating agent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA).The biosorbent retained most of its original uptake capacity over three cycles of use.The excellent reusability of the biosorbent could lead to the development of a viable metal remediation technology.     

介孔ZnO负载Fe-Cu-Zr复合催化剂用于催化燃烧降解乙酸丁酯

采用醇热法制备了有序球状介孔ZnO负载Fe-Cu-Zr复合催化剂,应用BET、SEM、XRD、XPS等对不同物质的量比催化剂进行了表征,研究了催化降解乙酸丁酯的活性及其影响因素,并推测了降解机理.结果表明,铁铜锆复合催化剂颗粒均匀,分散性较好,孔径大部分小于50 nm,比表面积为46～68 m²·g^-1.各活性成分能够共存和协同发挥作用,铁、铜、锆离子吸附在氧化锌晶胞内,粒子间量子作用力促使晶胞表面积略有变大.锆能够提高3种活性成分间的作用力,可以调节表面电子密度,促使结合能向低的方向偏移,增强催化剂的氧化还原能力.随着锆比例的增大,催化剂的活性也随之增强;随着初始浓度、空速、相对湿度的增加,乙酸丁酯降解效率均有所下降.在乙酸丁酯初始浓度为2590 mg·m^-3、空速为9000 h^-1的工况下,ZnO-3M催化剂降解乙酸丁酯的T₅₀为116℃,T₉₀为200℃,270℃时CO₂转化率达96%,具有良好的低温催化活性和稳定性.乙酸丁酯催...     

Formation mechanisms of nitrous acid (HONO) during the haze and non-haze periods in Beijing, China

As an important precursor of hydroxyl radical (OH), nitrous acid (HONO) plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry. Here, an observation of HONO and relevant air pollutants in an urban site of Beijing from 14 to 28 April, 2017 was performed. Two distinct peaks of HONO concentrations occurred during the observation. In contrast, the concentration of particulate matter in the first period (period Ⅰ) was significantly higher than that in the second period (period Ⅱ). Comparing to HONO sources in the two periods, we found that the direct vehicle emission was an essential source of the ambient HONO during both periods at night, especially in period Ⅱ. The heterogeneous reaction of NO₂ was the dominant source in period Ⅰ, while the homogeneous reaction of NO with OH was more critical source at night in period Ⅱ. In the daytime, the heterogeneous reaction of NO₂ was a significant source and was confirmed by the good correlation coefficients (R²) between the unknown sources (P_unknown) with NO₂, PM_2.5, NO₂ × PM_2.5 in period Ⅰ. Moreover, when solar radiation and OH radicals were considered to explore unknown sources in the daytime, the enhanced correlation of P_unknown with photolysis rate of NO₂ and OH ($J_{{\mathrm{NO}}_2}$ × OH) were 0.93 in period Ⅰ, 0.95 in period Ⅱ. These excellent correlation coefficients suggested that the unknown sources released HONO highly related to the solar radiation and the variation of OH radicals.     

Simplified creation of polyester fabric supported Fe-based MOFs by an industrialized dyeing process: Conditions optimization, photocatalytics activity and polyvinyl alcohol removal

MIL-53(Fe) was successfully prepared and deposited on the surface carboxylated polyester (PET) fiber by an optimized conventional solvothermal or industrialized high temperature pressure exhaustion (HTPE) process to develop a PET fiber supported MIL-53(Fe) photocatalyst ([email protected]) for the degradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water under light emitting diode (LED) visible irradiation. On the basis of several characterizations, [email protected] was tested for the photocalytic ability and degradation mechanism. It was found that temperature elevation significantly enhanced the formation and deposition of MIL-53(Fe) with better photocatalytic activity. However, higher temperature than 130°C was not in favor of its photocatalytic activity. Increasing the number of surface carboxyl groups of the modified PET fiber could cause a liner improvement in MIL-53(Fe) loading content and photocatalytic ability. High visible irradiation intensity also dramatically increased photocatalytic ability and PVA degradation efficiency of [email protected] Na₂S₂O₈ was used to replace H₂O₂ as electron acceptor for further promoting PVA degradation in this system. [email protected] prepared by HTPE process showed higher MIL-53(Fe) loading content and slightly lower PVA degradation efficiency than that prepared by solvothermal process at the same conditions. These findings provided a practical strategy for the large-scale production of the supported MIL-53(Fe) as a photocatalyst in the future.