排序方式: 共有19条查询结果,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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采用生物遗传监测系统,研究了涕灭威及其两个有毒代谢产物(涕灭威亚砜,涕灭威砜)对蚕豆及大蒜根尖细胞微核率的影响,以及对小牛胸腺DNA的加合作用.结果表明,两种植物根尖细胞微核试验测得的高浓度剂量诱导的微核率与对照组相比有显著性差异(p<0.05),说明涕灭威、涕灭威亚砜及涕灭威砜可能对蚕豆及大蒜根尖细胞有致突变性.并且配对资料差异的显著性检验表明,蚕豆根尖微核试验的敏感性明显高于大蒜根尖微核试验的敏感性.涕灭威及其两个有毒代谢产物与小牛胸腺DNA结合引起吸收光谱波峰的移位,而且存在着剂量关系,说明涕灭威、涕灭威亚砜及涕灭威砜可能对小牛胸腺DNA造成加合作用. 相似文献
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用实验室模拟培养方法研究了土壤中涕灭威及其代谢物在不同条件下的降解规律,探讨了影响降解的主要因素。结果表明,温度和土壤微生物活性是影响降解的重要因素,温度升高、有机质含量增加均大大加快涕灭威残留物降解。25℃时,涕灭威在不同类型表层土壤中T_(0.5)为3~8d,其残留物总量的T_(0.5)为30~65d.在温度低、徽生物活性小的深层土壤中涕灭威T_(0.5)为34~120d,残留物总量的T_(0.5)为159~686d,其中亚矾较难降解。 相似文献
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S.Z. Cohen 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):345-352
Abstract Scientific and regulatory interest in ground water contamination by pesticides increased significantly in 1979. This was prompted by findings of the nematicide 1,2‐dibromo‐3‐chloropropane (DBCP) and the nematicide/insecticide aldicarb (Temik®) in ground water in several states. Since that time, at least 130 pesticides and pesticide metabolites have been detected in ground water in over 150 studies, but detection frequencies are 4–10% nationally. Detection frequencies of pesticides over Health Advisory Levels are generally lower. Screening‐level models and detailed computer simulation models are useful for risk assessments and regulatory decisions. Attenuation Factor, CMLS, PRZM2, GLEAMS, and LEACHM are all useful models. 相似文献
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农药人工抗原的合成直接影响制备抗体的质量,是建立农药分子特异性强、灵敏度高的免疫分析方法的关键。本文综述了国内外对于氨基甲酸酯类广泛使用的3种农药甲萘威、克百威、涕灭威人工抗原合成过程中的农药分子半抗原的设计原则、合成方法,人工抗原的设计、优选及影响因素等方面的研究进展。 相似文献
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Abstract Residues of five different pesticides applied to alfalfa seed crops were determined in the harvested seeds and in sprouts grown from these seeds. Although seeds are usually used for future production of alfalfa plants, some of these seeds may be sprouted for human food consumption. The pesticides studied — aldicarb (Temik®), chlorothalonil (Bravo®), chlorpyrifos (Lorsban®), methamidophos (Monitor®) and propargite (Comite®) — were applied at a normal usage rate and at two to three times that rate. Residues on the seeds and sprouts, if any, were insignificant at rates of application. 相似文献
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根据涕灭威农药恶臭废水的特点,依据资源化治理的思路,对废水采用了物理化学和生物处理相结合的治理方法.治理工艺路线如下:废水先通过盐酸酸化,可回收H2S、CH3SH,然后通过Cl2氧化和铁炭法进一步预处理来提高其可生化性,最后进入生化处理设施.涕灭威农药废水经资源化治理和Cl2氧化、铁炭预处理后,小试和中试过程中,COD平均去除率分别为90.7%与87.3%,BOD5/COD分别从0上升到0.38与0.31,废水的可生化性能得到了很好的改善,解决了农药生产有机废水生化处理存在的可生化性差的问题.生化出水COD达到国家污水综合排放标准GB 8978-1996中的一级标准100mg/L以下.该工艺在华阳集团每天处理10t废水的中试铁炭预处理实验装置中得到应用. 相似文献