密度泛函理论方法研究铝-麦芽酚配合物的形态结构与水交换反应

在B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p)基组水平下采用密度泛函理论方法系统开展了以下工作:(1)优化得到1∶1、1∶2和1∶3铝-麦芽酚配合物10种可能构型的静态结构、NPA电荷以及能量参数,计算得到Al(ma)3配合物4种异构体的核磁共振、紫外和红外等光谱学数据并与文献实验值比较,证明本文采用的计算方法和模型适用于铝-麦芽酚体系的研究;(2)模拟1∶1和1∶2铝-麦芽酚配合物9种可能位点的水交换反应,其中3个位点计算得到的水交换反应速率对数log kex(s-1)分别为2.4(Al(ma)(H2O)2+4(cis to ma))、2.6(cis-Al(ma)2(H2O)+2(I))和3.0(trans-Al(ma)2(H2O)+2(I)),与实验值2.5(Al(ma)2+)和3.3(Al(ma)+2)相符,说明相应位点为反应活性位点;(3)探讨铝-麦芽酚配合物毒性与其形态结构之间的相关机制。     

聚合硅酸铝铁絮凝剂处理油井压裂废水

制备了聚合硅酸铝铁絮凝剂,并用于处理油井压裂废水。制备聚合硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的优化实验条件为：聚硅酸活化pH1~2,活化温度25~30℃,活化时间2.0h。在此条件下制备的聚合硅酸铝铁絮凝剂对油井压裂废水浊度和COD的去除率分别可达到97％和58％。与聚合氯化铝铁絮凝剂相比,聚合硅酸铝铁絮凝剂在浊度及COD去除方面有着更佳的处理效果,并且处理后废水的总溶解性固体含量较低。     

复合絮凝剂聚硅酸铝铁的制备及应用

以硫酸铝、三氯化铁、硅酸钠为主要原料,制备了聚硅酸铝铁(PSAF).对硅酸聚合过程中SiO2的浓度、pH值等因素进行了探讨,并考察了PSAF的絮凝性能.通过正交实验,研究了不同(Al Fe)/SiO2、Al/Fe摩尔比、处理废水时的投加量、pH值等因素对絮凝效果的影响.结果表明:PSAF中(Al Fe)/SiO2=1∶1、Al/Fe=1∶1、投加量为150 mg/L、pH值=7.0时,对氵皂河废水有较好的处理效果,COD去除率为65.3%,浊度去除率为97.2%.     

四联疗法治疗消化性溃疡的疗效观察

观察奥美拉唑、枸橼酸铋钾、阿莫西林及呋喃唑酮四联疗法对消化性溃疡的疗效.方法选取96例消化性溃疡、幽门螺杆菌(HP)阳性患者,给予口服奥美拉唑20 mg+枸橼酸铋钾240 mg+阿莫西林1 g+呋喃唑酮200mg2,次/日,共14日,观察症状,并复查胃镜和HP感染情况.结果绝大部分患者症状消失,行胃镜检查和HP检测,显示溃疡面治愈或明显好转,并HP转为阴性.结论四联疗法治疗消化性溃疡的疗效可靠,副作用少,价格便宜,值得临床推广.参10.     

Effect of supplemented soybean (Glycine max L) diet and extracts on aluminum sulfate-induced genotoxicity

Aim of this study is to evaluate the protective role of Glycine max L. (soybean) against aluminum sulfate-induced genotoxicity. A diet containing 30% soybean and extracts obtained with various organic solvents were administered orally to male white Swiss mice prior to intraperitoneal injection of Al₂(SO₄)₃. Light microscopy was used for the examination of genotoxicity involving somatic cells, germ cells, and sperms. The main secondary metabolites contained in each extract were isolated and identified by chromatographic and spectral analyses. Administration of soy diet and extracts to the examined mice induced significant anti-mutagenic activity against bone marrow aberrations and spermatocyte and sperm abnormalities. At the end of this study, maximum protection was achieved using the methanolic extract (83% and 79%) followed by those obtained with chloroform (71% and 49%) and n-hexane (51% and 39%) for bone marrow aberrations and spermatocyte abnormalities, respectively. The observed activity of soybean extracts might be related to the main constituents isolated and identified. These main constituents were the isoflavone glycosides genistin and daidzin in addition to saponins (methanol extract), lignan matairesinol (chloroform extract), and β-sitosterol, unsaturated fatty acids as well as phospholipids (n-hexane extract). The results illustrated that soy extracts can be considered as alternative anti-mutagenic nutraceuticals and promising source for developing anti-mutagenic drugs.     

铝系絮凝剂深度处理酵母废水实验研究

文章以硫酸铝和聚合氯化铝(PAC)为主深度处理酵母废水,研究了pH值、絮凝剂投加量对COD和色度去除率的影响以及有助凝剂助凝对絮凝效果的影响,并对硫酸铝絮凝的作用机理进行了探讨。     

Bacterial reduction and release of adsorbed arsenate on Fe(Ⅲ)-, Al- and coprecipitated Fe(Ⅲ)/Al-hydroxides

Mobilization of arsenic under anaerobic conditions is of great concern in arsenic contaminated soils and sediments. Bacterial reduction of As(V) and Fe(Ⅲ) influences the cycling and partitioning of arsenic between solid and aqueous phase. We investigated the impact of bacterially mediated reductions of Fe(Ⅲ)/Al hydroxides-bound arsenic(V) and iron(Ⅲ) oxides on arsenic release. Our results suggested that As(V) reduction occurred prior to Fe(Ⅲ) reduction, and Fe(Ⅲ) reduction did not enhance the release of arsenic. Instead, Fe(Ⅲ) hydroxides retained their dissolved concentrations during the experimental process, even though the new iron mineral-magnetite formed. In contrast, the release of reduced As(Ⅲ) was promoted greatly when aluminum hydroxides was incorporated. Thus, the substitution of aluminum hydroxides may be responsible for the release of arsenic in the contaminated soils and sediments, since aluminum substitution of Fe(Ⅲ) hydroxides universally occurs under natural conditions.     

一株克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella sp.)Z6的分离及其产电特性研究

产电微生物是驱动微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)运行的关键.采用分离培养-MFC产电实验的方法,从以污水处理厂活性污泥为接种物的MFC阳极生物膜中分离到一株产电微生物,命名为Z6.菌株Z6的16S rDNA序列与已知菌株Klebsiell aoxytoca An16-2具有100%的同源性,结合该菌生理和形态特征将其初步鉴定为克雷伯氏菌属.菌株Z6接种MFC的产电结果表明,以柠檬酸钠为底物时MFC的最大体积功率密度达到14.35W·m-3,内阻为400Ω,显示出较强的电化学活性.通过循环伏安分析和外源AQDS添加实验结果推测,菌株Z6很可能通过分泌电子传递中间体传递电子.     

微弧氧化处理对6061铝合金电偶腐蚀防护

目的 提高船舶上铝合金的耐蚀性能。方法 使用双极性脉冲电源对6061铝合金进行微弧氧化处理,并使用环氧树脂进行封孔,通过电化学测试、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、浸泡腐蚀试验和电偶腐蚀试验等方法,对膜层的表面形貌、截面形貌、物相组成和耐蚀性能进行测试。结果 制备的6061铝合金微弧氧化膜层厚度约为40 μm,致密均匀。在240 h浸泡试验后,仍具有较强的耐蚀性,与316L不锈钢耦合的电流密度从约47 μA/cm²下降到20 μA/cm²左右,对6061铝合金的耐蚀性有显著提升。封孔处理后,浸泡腐蚀240 h,未发现明显腐蚀,电偶电流进一步下降到11 μA/cm²。结论 对6061铝合金进行微弧氧化处理,可以有效提高其耐蚀性能,对电偶腐蚀有较好的抑制作用,封孔处理则可以进一步提高铝合金的耐蚀性能。     

以废弃磷石膏为原料水热合成碳酸钙晶须的研究

以废弃磷石膏为钙源水热合成碳酸钙晶须,研究了不同反应前驱物和添加剂对碳酸钙样品晶形的影响,利用奥林巴斯显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM)观察晶体形貌,并用X衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FTIR)对样品进行了表征。实验结果表明,采用柠檬酸钠为添加剂,在反应时间12 h,反应温度120℃,柠檬酸钠浓度2％的工艺条件下,可制得晶须长度约为50～120 μm、长径比为40～100∶1、大小相对均匀的文石型碳酸钙晶须。同时,实验还制得了形貌独特的稻草捆状和竹叶状碳酸钙晶体。