通信及控制系统设备中的电磁兼容设计方法

本文介绍通信及控制系统设备的电磁兼容设计方法;包括电路设计、印制板设计、设备内部走线设计、屏蔽设计、滤波及接地设计等的电磁兼容设计。     

Tibouchina pulchra (Cham.) Cogn., a native Atlantic Forest species, as a bio-indicator of ozone: visible injury

Tibouchina pulchra saplings were exposed to carbon filtered air (CF), ambient non-filtered air (NF) and ambient non-filtered air+40 ppb ozone (NF+O3) 8 h per day during two months. The AOT40 values at the end of the experiment were 48, 910 and 12,895 ppb h(-1), respectively, for the three treatments. After 25 days of exposure (AOT40=3871 ppb h(-1)), interveinal red stippling appeared in plants in the NF+O3 chamber. In the NF chamber, symptoms were observed only after 60 days of exposure (AOT40=910 ppb h(-1)). After 60 days, injured leaves per plant corresponded to 19% in NF+O3 and 1% in the NF treatment; and the average leaf area injured was 7% within the NF+O3 and 0.2% within the NF treatment. The extent of leaf area injured (leaf injury index) was mostly explained by the accumulated exposure of ozone (r2=0.89; p<0.05).     

基于正交设计的边坡稳定性影响因素敏感性分析

边坡的稳定性受多种因素的影响,应用正交设计对影响边坡的多因素进行了敏感性分析。首先对正交设计原理及用于结果分析的极差法和方差法进行了简单介绍,然后结合工程实例,说明了正交设计在边坡敏感性分析中的应用,最后用极差法和方差法对其结果进行分析,得出影响边坡的参数中,敏感性由大到小依次为:地震加速度α,粘聚力c,内摩擦角φ,库水位变化H,容重γ;其中地震加速度α,粘聚力c,内摩擦角φ是对该边坡影响最显著的因素。因此,在边坡治理时应注意地震和降雨对其稳定性产生的不利影响。     

Bulgarian emergency response models–validation against ETEX first release

In the paper, the performance of two Bulgarian dispersion models is tested against European Tracer Experiment (ETEX) first release data base. The first one is the LED puff model which was the core of the Bulgarian Emergency Response System during all releases of ETEX. The second one is the newly created Eulerian dispersion model EMAP. These models have two important features: they are PC-oriented and they use quite a limited amount of input meteorological information. First, a number of runs with various source configurations are made on meteorological data produced by ECMWF. The aim of these runs is to verify the models’ ability to simulate reliably ETEX first release. To this end, a set of statistical criteria selected in ATMES (Atmospheric Transport Models Evaluation Study, see Klug et al., 1992 are used. The best runs for both models are obtained when the source is presented as a column towering from the ground to heights of 400–700 m. These runs took part in the second phase of ETEX (ETEX-II), the so called ATMES-type exercise where EMAP ranked ninth and LED - fourteenth among 34 models. Here, additional sets of EMAP are presented where in the first run the value of the horizontal diffusion coefficient is varied and in the other runs different meteorological data sets are tested. The results obtained from the first run show that the values of K_h=4–6×10⁴ m² s^-1 produce fields which fit experimental data best. The other sets of runs show that the higher the frequency of the meteorological data, the better the simulation. The results can be improved by linear interpolation of the meteorological parameters with time, the best fitting obtained with interpolation at each time step.     

典型喀斯特河流溶解性有机质生物降解特性及其温度敏感性研究

喀斯特河流受特殊生物地球化学过程影响,其溶解性有机质(DOM)变化具有显著的区域特征.然而,当前对其DOM空间变化规律,特别是生物降解特性的研究十分有限,急需相关内容的补充.以我国典型喀斯特河流—芙蓉江为研究对象,探索了 DOM光学参数(a254、a350、E2/E3、S275～295、BIX、FI、FRI和HIX)的...     

聚苯乙烯微塑料对污水中胞外耐药基因的影响及其机制

微塑料（MPs）和抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）是共存于污水处理厂中的典型新污染物.MPs已被证明能够改变污泥中ARGs的分布模式,但其对污水中胞外ARGs（feARGs）的影响及机制仍不清楚.采用荧光定量PCR技术探究了典型MPs（聚苯乙烯PS）暴露60 d后污水中feARGs（包括tetC、tetO、sul1和sul2）的动态变化特征及机制.结果表明,四环素类feARGs绝对丰度在nm级和mm级PS暴露下分别降低了28.4 %~76.0 %和35.2 %~96.2 %,在μm级PS暴露下变化了-55.4 %~122.4 %.PS对磺胺类sul1的促进效果呈nm级 > μm级 > mm级趋势,且ρ（PS）为50 mg·L^-1 对sul1丰度扰动幅度更大.磺胺类sul2的相对丰度在μm级和mm级PS暴露后分别削减了25.4 %~42.6 %和46.1 %~90.3 %,在nm级PS暴露后增加了1.9~3.9倍;ρ（PS）为50 mg·L^-1对sul2的削减作用高于ρ（PS）为0.5 mg·L^-1.Pearson相关性分析显示,PS暴露下feARGs相对丰度与细胞膜通透性和典型可移动遗传元件（intI1）丰度成正相关,与活性氧水平成负相关.研究结果阐明了PS对污水中feARGs的影响及其机制,可为污水中MPs与ARGs复合污染的防治提供科学依据.     

菌渣施肥对土壤—作物体系重金属污染及迁移特征评价

为研究抗生素制药菌渣施肥对土壤—作物体系中重金属的污染及迁移特征的影响,选取新疆伊宁县某试验田作为研究对象,运用单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数评价抗生素施加后农田土壤重金属污染状况,采用富集系数(BCF)来表示重金属在土壤—作物体系间的迁移性能.研究表明:大豆和玉米在苗期、开花期和成熟期所有地块的重金属含量均达到标...     

龙门山区震后山地灾害地质因素敏感性评价

从与山地灾害关系密切的地质环境条件入手,选择了岩性和断裂带大指标,以龙门山区为典型区,根据灾害发生学原理,建立敏感性评价模型,定量分析了岩性、断裂带等对山地灾害的敏感性,并根据敏感性指标对研究区进行了敏感性区分。结果表明:岩性对山地灾害的敏感性从大到小依次为次硬岩硬岩软岩层极软岩层;断裂带对山地灾害的敏感度主要集中在距离断裂带0~2 km范围内。     

南方土壤酸沉降敏感性研究Ⅶ——盐基淋溶与缓冲机理

研究了模拟酸雨对我国南方主要土壤类型盐基离子淋溶的影响,结果表明,ＰＨ低于３．０或３．５时,盐基离子淋溶总量明显增加,但ＰＨ高于３．５时,则影响不明显。     

基于二级近似的航天器结构的模型修正方法

目的基于航天器结构自由度数大且结构复杂,直接对有限元模型修正计算效率低的问题,利用二级近似方法来提高有限元模型修正的计算效率。方法根据特征向量建立Ritz空间推导出频率响应及其敏度的一级近似计算公式,利用近似函数二级近似计算结构参数变化后的动刚度矩阵,通过多重优化流程消除近似计算引入的误差。结果通过两个数值算例进行验证,该方法提高了结构模型修正的计算效率。结论该方法适用于航天器结构的模型修正。