旋风除尘器灰环磨损与锥体角度关系的研究

提出在普通锥体型旋风除尘器中,回转性灰环是造成锥体部位磨损的重要原因之一.通过对锥体内粉尘颗粒的受力分析,从理论上推导出了减低灰环磨损的锥体角度的表达式.通过对理论分析提出了旋风除尘器锥体设计中应注意的问题,为旋风除尘器的设计提供一定的参考依据.     

Novel approach to control adsorbent aggregation: iron fixed bentonite-fly ash for Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd) removal from aqueous media

In the present study, a novel approach was used to control zero valent iron aggregation and separation problems by fixing zero valent iron (ZVI) on bentonite-fly ash pellets. For this purpose, porous low cost bentonite-fly ash (BFA) pellets with size of 2.00 cm in length and 0.35 cm in diameter were prepared and fixed with ZVI to manufacture zero valent iron bentonite-fly ash (ZVI-BFA) pellets. Importantly, unlike powdered adsorbents, ZVI-BFA can easily be separated from final effluents when exhausted without any disintegration. The performance of the developed novel adsorbent was investigated for the removal of Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ from aqueous media. At 100 mg·L^–1 and 1 g adsorbent, a maximum of 89.5% of Cd²⁺ and 95.6% of Pb²⁺ was removed by ZVI-BFA as compared to 56% and 95% removal by BFA. At 200 mg·L^–1, Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ removal by ZVI-BFA was 56% and 99.8% respectively as compared to only 28% and 96% by BFA. Further, the removal kinetics was best fitted for pseudo-second order model. The study provides the basis for improving the removal capacity of porous materials by iron fixation while taking separation ability into consideration.

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回转式空气预热器堵灰的预防与清除

锅炉回转式空气预热器的堵灰普遍存在,它对锅炉的安全、经济运行有很大影响。对回转式空气预热器堵灰产生的原因、机理和影响因素进行了分析研究,提出了防治措施。     

撬装式油气分离装置在海上采油油轮上的应用

介绍了胜利油田海上采油油轮的生产作业状况及增设油气分离装置的必要性,提出了油气分离装置设计与施工的要求,论证了海上采油油轮增设撬装式油气分离装置是改善操作人员的工作环境和消除事故隐患的可行措施.     

粉煤灰和城市污泥配施对荒漠土壤持水性能影响的实验研究

通过模拟降雨及降雨后自然条件下的土壤表面水分蒸发,研究了粉煤灰和城市污泥配施对荒漠土壤持水性能的影响。研究结果表明,施用粉煤灰和城市污泥后的土壤饱和含水率是对照荒漠土壤的1.95倍,持水时间提高7天左右。这对于在干旱缺水的荒漠地区进行植树造林,恢复生态环境,提高有限的水资源利用率,防止荒漠化的扩大具有十分重要的理论指导意义。     

东荣三矿粉煤灰复合胶体防灭火技术应用与实践

双鸭山东荣三矿2 0 0 3年发生火灾,开始应用注水、注惰、注灭火剂等方法,均未控制住火势。后来,通过该矿现有的灌浆系统,形成复合胶体管网式防灭火系统,利用该系统向火区周围密闭墙内大量压注粉煤灰复合胶体,堵塞了向火区漏风的通道,扑灭了大范围火源。接着启开火区下部的运输上山,从运输上山向火区打钻,由钻孔直接向火区注复合胶体,彻底扑灭了火灾,保障了矿井安全生产。实践表明,复合胶体管网式防灭火技术是一种快速高效的防灭火技术,适应大面积煤层火灾的防治要求。     

正压气力除灰系统的优化设计

从气力除灰系统的经济性考虑，按照系统运行能耗最省的原则，对系统进行优化设计。以山东临沂电厂除灰系统为例，优化出灰气比、管径、系统压损、耗气量等技术指标。实际运行效果证明这种优化设计方法是可行的，为该系统的推广应用提供了优化设计依据。     

灰场回水减少的原因分析及对策

针对老燃煤发电厂贮灰场回水逐年减少的状况，采取了在贮灰场水面上安装可移动式漂浮筏的措施，作为灰场回水取水的漂浮泵站，增加了灰场回水流量，解决了因回水不足而使用水库水作补水的问题。     

大庆石油管理局粉煤灰综合利用现状及前景

简要介绍了目前国内外粉煤灰利用的情况,分析了大庆石油管理局粉煤灰利用范围,主要包括筑路、生产水泥、加工切块、陶粒和步踏砖等,粉煤灰的综合利用率在70%以上。通过调查粉煤灰综合利用情况,对制作水泥和制作步踏砖存在的问题提出了解决办法。针对大庆油田的实际情况,在借鉴国内外其他方法和技术的基础上,提出了综合利用粉煤灰的其他建议,例如用于固井作业的水泥浆体系,生产铝盐,用于填埋固体废物等。     

Activated fly ash/slag blended cement

This paper presents the results of the preparation of an ecological cementing material from granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) and Class C fly ash (CCFA). The desulphurization gypsum, calcined at 600–800 °C for 0.5–1.5 h, works as the main ingredient of the activator in the cementing material. The optimized formulation of the cementing material was obtained with the aid of factorial design method: slag, 70%; CCFA, 18%; activator, 12%. The “partial super-fine grinding process” was adopted to improve the performance, i.e., 85% of the mixture is ground to Blaine fineness of 3500 cm²/g, 15% further ground to around 5000 cm²/g. The compressive strength of 28 days of the cement mortar is up to 49 MPa and flexural strength 8.4 MPa. The hydration products, investigated by SEM and X-ray diffraction, are mainly ettringite and C–S–H gel.