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851.
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Summary. The capacity of benzoxazolinone metabolization of dicotyledonous species characteristic for the former vegetation classes
Secalietea (grain field weed communities) and Chenopodietea (hoed vegetable communities) was estimated by the production of
BOA-6-OH, BOA-6-β-O-glucoside, and BOA-N-glucoside. Except for Urtica urens, Galinsoga ciliata, and Polygonum aviculare (Chenopodietea), all species tested were able to synthesize BOA-6-OH, its glucoside, and BOA-N-glucoside, but effectiveness
of BOA metabolism differed highly depending on species and plant organ. There was no correlation between bacterial phenoxazinone
production and appearance of metabolites in the plants. Bioassays demonstrated that N-glucosylation is more efficient in BOA
detoxification than O-glucosylation. The intermediate BOA-6-OH, however, is more harmful than BOA itself. It is therefore
assumed that the ability to synthesize BOA-N-glucoside reduces the sensitivity to BOA strikingly. Since the detoxification
capacity did not correlate with the taxonomic position, the affiliation of the species tested with the corresponding plant
communities was taken into consideration. Evidently, the ecobiochemical potential of species to detoxify benzoxazolinone,
regarded as an essential secondary compound in rye and wheat fields, reflects their occurrence in those plant associations.
The ability to cope with the compound could be the result of co-evolutionary processes and presents a hidden aspect of allelopathic
interaction.
Received 4 January 1999; accepted 14 June 1999. 相似文献
855.
Andrés González Frank C. Schroeder Athula B. Attygalle Aleš Svatoš Jerrold Meinwald Thomas Eisner 《Chemoecology》1999,9(3):105-112
Summary. Female Photuris fireflies sequester defensive steroidal pyrones (lucibufagins) from male fireflies of the genus Photinus. Lucibufagin analyses of Photuris females and Photinus ignitus males show that the lucibufagin mixtures of predator and prey differ in their composition. Analyses of whole body extracts
showed that P. ignitus males contain a mixture of eight non-glycosylated lucibufagins, composed mostly of compounds with two oxygenated positions
in the steroidal A-ring (C-3, C-5). After feeding on P. ignitus males, Photuris females contain six major lucibufagins. Three of these compounds are not present in the prey, including the novel lucibufagin
glycoside 5β,11α-dihydroxy-12-oxo-3β-O-β-D-xylopyranosylbufalin, and two other lucibufagins with a trioxygenated A-ring (C-2,
C-3, C-5). These results indicate that Photuris females transform the sequestered lucibufagins both by glycosylation and oxidation, which could affect the systemic transportability
of these compounds due to an increase in their polarity.
Received 18 February 1999; accepted 19 April 1999. 相似文献
856.
超临界水氧化去除含酚废水TOC的动力学研究 总被引:21,自引:1,他引:20
本文利用自行设计的一套连续式超临界水氧化实验装置,以过氧化氢为氧化剂,处理实验室模拟含酚废水。在超临界条件下(P=30MPa,T=400℃,440℃,480℃,520℃)进行超临界水氧化实验。结果表明,TOC去除速率在氧化剂过量10倍的情况下,对TOC是2.15级反应。速率常数与温度的关系符合阿仑尼乌斯公式。反应的实验活化能为171.7kJ/mol,前置因子A为2.99×1011。 相似文献
857.
吉林省城市大气降水pH值时空分异及成因 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对吉林省8个代表城市1992-1997年大气降水观测数据的统计分析,对大气降水PH值的时空分异进行了探讨。结果表明:吉林省中西部城市大气降水基本呈中性;东部的图们,珲春两市大气降水酸化亚得,多年平均降水PH分别为5.12和5.38;全省碱性降水多集中在吉林市。 相似文献
858.
859.
Otto Klemm Holger Lange 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1999,6(4):193-199
We analyzed 13 years of hourly measurements of SO2, NOx, and O3, at forest ecosystem research sites in SE Germany. A quasi-continuous data record was obtained by combining data sets from
two locations. Before interpreting trends in the combined data set, we analyzed if the change of location introduced a systematic
bias. We employed autocorrelation functions, Hurst statistics, complexity analysis, and recurrence quantification and found
that the partial data sets exhibited no indication of the presence of any bias. For SO2, we also compared the data from the forest sites with data obtained in nearby cities and also found no indications for any
systematic effects. Applying nonparametric trend statistics we found a significant decrease of the SO2. Most of the observed decrease is due to the reductions of SO2 emissions in eastern Germany, but reductions in western Germany and the Czech Republic also played important roles. For O3, we observed a significant increase, the causes of which are unclear from our data alone. No trend was identified for NOx. 相似文献
860.
渗滤液中有机化合物在电化学氧化和厌氧生物组合系统中的降解 总被引:14,自引:2,他引:12
根据GC-MS分析,垃圾渗滤液中有机组分大多是难生物降解的有机化合物,如酚类、杂环类、杂环芳烃、多环芳烃类化合物,约占渗滤液中有机组分的70%以上. 本文对渗滤液中典型有机化合物在电化学氧化和厌氧生物组合工艺系统中的降解特性进行了系统研究. 结果表明,在电化学处理系统中,杂酚类、酰胺类、苯并噻唑、苯醌、喹啉、萘等有机化合物降解速率高于外-2-羟基桉树脑和异喹啉等化合物,但前者在厌氧生物处理系统中去除率低;渗滤液原水经过电化学氧化处理后,挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量从原水中的0.68%增加到电化学出水中的16.18%;此组合工艺能够显著降低因渗滤液复杂组分间的增效协同作用和拮抗作用而引起的毒性,系统出水可生化性增强,为进一步研究垃圾渗滤液的处理技术和进行该组合处理系统的大规模开发提供参考. 相似文献