浅谈授权签字人对环境监测数据报告的审核

根据计量认证和中国实验室国家认可工作中对授权签字人能力的考核以及通过认证／认可的实验室对授权签字人赋予的职责和权利,针对目前环境管理、环境执法以及社会公众对环境监测数据不断增长的需要,结合监测数据报告审核的体会,探讨了授权签字人在环境监测数据报告审核中应采取的审核程序与方法及重点关注的问题。     

The environmental audit. I. Concepts

Extensive criticism of water quality monitoring programs has developed as costs are compared with the benefits produced by monitoring efforts. Collecting water quality data while developing understanding of the functional character of the environment will improve water quality monitoring data utility in environmental management. The environmental audit characterizes the attributes of the natural environment (that is, attribute type, intensity, and variability), providing a theoretical as well as practical foundation for data interpretation. In the view proposed here, traditional monitoring means the very narrow activity of collecting samples and perhaps analyzing them and storing the analyses. In the environmental audit, these activities are a mechanism to systematically improve environmental monitoring and assessment by improving the design and implementation of environmental programs. Major reasons why existing programs fail to meet the needs of legislators, regulators, and conservationists are identified.     

浅谈洛阳首阳山电厂的清洁生产审核

首阳山电厂开展了清洁生产审核工作,确定将电厂煤场整改和从电厂二期粉煤灰粗灰中回收铁作为第一轮清洁生产审计的重点,通过开展清洁生产,实现经济效益和环境效益的双丰收.     

清洁生产审核实践与评价-以云南保山某电锌厂清洁生产审核为例

以云南保山某电锌厂清洁生产审核实践为例,分析了该厂审核前存在的问题及审核后取得的效果。探讨了在审核过程中运用清洁生产评价指标体系寻找清洁生产方案的方法。     

石化企业HSE管理体系审核中有关“职业健康”的审核要点

依据《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》及有关法律法规、标准规范的要求,逐一分解了中国石化HSE管理体系各要素中"职业健康"的审核要点,为企业内审员、职业卫生管理人员全面、准确地进行职业健康日常监督和内部审核提供参考。     

论将强制性清洁生产审核作为“十二五”总量减排的主要手段

针对＂十二五＂期间污染减排压力,提出分行业将＂减排企业＂强制性清洁生产审核纳入减排规划中,以污染物减排量作为审核目标,分八个方面深挖减排潜力,将清洁生产审核绩效纳入减排核算中。并提出促进＂减排企业＂实施强制性清洁生产审核的政策和资金的约束激励机制。     

石油化工企业的精细化清洁生产审核

以某特大型石化企业的审核工作为例,探讨了国家和中国石化对清洁生产审核要求的主要区别,并提出如何实现精细化清洁生产审核。     

陕西省排污许可证后监管模式探索

陕西省进行了排污许可证后审计式合规核查、执法试点工作及案例研究,初步建立了审计式合规管理制度框架。在企业守法方面,以排污许可制精细化管理为目标,加强对排污单位环境管理制度建设工作的帮扶、监督、检查,建立全员参与的环境管理制度模式,落实企业守法主体责任。在政府监管方面,以执法计划为关键手段,建立非现场审计式核查和现场审计式执法检查的工作机制和工作程序,促使企业守法。     

Compliance with Canada’s Fisheries Act: A Field Audit of Habitat Compensation Projects

Loss of fish habitat in North America has occurred at an unprecedented rate through the last century. In response, the Canadian Parliament enacted the habitat provisions of the Fisheries Act. Under these provisions, a “harmful alteration, disruption, or destruction to fish habitat” (HADD) cannot occur unless authorised by Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), with legally binding compensatory habitat to offset the HADD. The guiding principle to DFO’s conservation goal is “no net loss of the productive capacity of fish habitats” (NNL). However, performance in achieving NNL has never been evaluated on a national scale. We investigated 52 habitat compensation projects across Canada to determine compliance with physical, biological, and chemical requirements of Section 35(2) Fisheries Act authorisations. Biological requirements had the lowest compliance (58%) and chemical requirements the highest (100%). Compliance with biological requirements differed among habitat categories and was poorest (19% compliance) in riparian habitats. Approximately 86% of authorisations had larger HADD and/or smaller compensation areas than authorised. The largest noncompliance in terms of habitat area occurred in riverine habitat in which HADDs were, on average, 343% larger than initially authorised. In total, 67% of compensation projects resulted in net losses of habitat area, 2% resulted in no net loss, and 31% achieved a net gain in habitat area. Interestingly, probable violations of the Fisheries Act were prevalent at half of the projects. Analyses indicated that the frequency of probable Fisheries Act violations differed among provinces. Habitat compensation to achieve NNL, as currently implemented in Canada, is at best only slowing the rate of habitat loss. In all likelihood, increasing the amount of authorised compensatory habitat in the absence of institutional changes will not reverse this trend. Improvements in monitoring and enforcement are necessary to move towards achieving Canada’s conservation goals.     

华北油田第一采油厂清洁生产审核工作简述

介绍了华北油田第一采油厂清洁生产审核工作的前期准备、实施以及取得的成果,此次审核年节电544.5×104kW.h,节水3.792×104m3,节约燃料油5426.59t,减排SO235.39t,综合能耗指标降低,污水回注工程实现了采油污水零排放,采油污水利用率提高到100%。并且取得1025.084×104元经济效益。