Soil enzymatic activities and microbial community structure with di erent application rates of Cd and Pb

This study focused on the changes of soil microbial diversity and potential inhibitory effects of heavy metals on soil enzymatic activities at different application rates of Cd andor Pb. The soil used for experiments was collected from Beijing and classified as endoaquepts. Pots containing 500 g of the soil with different Cd andor Pb application rates were incubated for a period of 0, 2, 9, 12 weeks in a glasshouse and the soil samples were analyzed for individual enzymes, including catalase, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase, and the changes of microbial community structure. Results showed that heavy metals slightly inhibited the enzymatic activities in all the samples spiked with heavy metals. The extent of inhibition increased significantly with increasing level of heavy metals, and varied with the incubation periods. The soil bacterial community structure, as determined by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis techniques, was different in the contaminated samples as compared to the control. The highest community change was observed in the samples amended with high level of Cd. Positive correlations were observed among the three enzymatic activities, but negative correlations were found between the amounts of the heavy metals and the enzymatic activities.     

河套平原灌溉间隙期乌梁素海水体细菌群落结构特征

为研究河套平原末端乌梁素海在灌溉间隙期水体中细菌群落组成和相应的功能,于2020年9月开展湖上取样工作并对pH、TN、TP、DIP、DTP、NH4+-N、Chla、EC和SAL等指标进行分析.利用16S rRNA高通量测序方法对乌梁素海表层水15个样本中附着细菌和浮游细菌分别进行测定.结果表明:①附着细菌丰富度和群落多...     

有机物料投入对喀斯特地区土壤磷素赋存形态与含phoD基因细菌群落的影响

针对喀斯特地区有机物料盈余、土壤养分贫瘠和易流失的特点,设置长期有机物料还田小区定位试验,试验包括6个处理：不施肥对照（CK）、无机肥（NPK）、无机肥+玉米秸秆（NPKS）、无机肥+农家肥（NPKM）、无机肥+滤泥（NPKL）和无机肥+甘蔗灰（NPKA）.研究不同有机物料投入对土壤磷赋存形态和磷活化功能微生物（含有机磷矿化基因细菌）群落结构的影响.通过3 a断续的观测,结果表明,土壤全磷（TP）、速效磷（Olsen-P）和二钙磷（Ca₂-P）含量呈逐年增加趋势,而氯化钙磷（CaCl₂-P）含量呈先降低再增加的趋势;与不施肥对照相比,有机物料投入尤其是滤泥配施能显著提高土壤全氮（TN）、TP、Olsen-P、CaCl₂-P和Ca₂-P含量,其次是甘蔗灰和农家肥配施处理;相关分析表明,CaCl₂-P、Ca₂-P和Olsen-P均与土壤交换性钙（Ca-ex）含量显著正相关;冗余分析（RDA）表明土壤TN、Ca-ex、有机碳（SOC）和土壤全钾（TK）含量是影响土壤磷组分的关键因子.高通量测序分析含有机磷矿化基因（含phoD基因）细菌群落结果表明,与不施肥对照相比,秸秆还田配施无机肥处理显著增加土壤含phoD基因细菌丰富度,但各处理间含phoD基因细菌群落结构无显著差异.RDA分析结果表明,土壤Ca-ex、TK、Olsen-P、pH和SOC是驱动含phoD基因细菌群落变化的关键因子.总体上看,无机肥配施滤泥、甘蔗灰和农家肥是广西喀斯特地区农田土壤较为合适的养分管理方式.研究可为喀斯特地区有机废弃资源利用与土壤磷素管理提供科学依据.     

分层型水库藻类季相演替的细菌种群驱动机制

浮游藻类和水体中的细菌是水生食物网的组成部分,在淡水生态系统的结构和功能中发挥着关键作用.然而,对于水库当中藻类和细菌群落如何互作及其对变化的环境条件的响应研究却较少.本文以李家河水库为研究对象,采用16S rDNA高通量测序技术和共生网络分析方法,分析了藻类种群时空演替与细菌群落的生态互作关系.结果表明,在藻类群落结...