用灰色关联度分析企业的可持续经营能力

可持续经营能力是企业可持续发展能力的重要组成部分，长期以来。对企业可持续经营能力的评价仅停留在企业的财务层面。而忽略企业的非财务因素的影响。本文以灰色关联度为评判准则。构建立了一个平衡兼顾企业财务和非财务状况、反映企业可持续经营能力的指标体系并对指标进行规范化处理模型。运用平衡计分卡评价模式进行评价指标的权重确定。进行企业可持续经营能力评价方法的探讨。     

Boundary control and controlled boundaries: Organizational expectations for technology use at the work–family interface

Some studies have argued that information and communication technologies such as smartphones can pressure employees to work more from home, while others argue that they help employees manage transitions between work and family role domains. Leveraging boundary theory and the job demands–resources model, the present study examines the conditions under which work–family technology use is associated with greater boundary control. Findings show that technology use is associated with higher boundary control for those who prefer role integration and lower boundary control for those who prefer role segmentation. Findings also show that boundary control is linked to emotional exhaustion and that organizational after‐hours electronic communication expectations can compel work–family technology use despite individual preferences. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Behavioral Assumptions of Conservation Policy: Conserving Oak Habitat on Family-Forest Land in the Willamette Valley, Oregon

Abstract:  Designing policies that harness the motivations of landowners is essential for conserving threatened habitats on private lands. Our goal was to understand how to apply ethnographic information about family-forest owners to the design of conservation policy for Oregon white oak (Quercus garryana) in the Willamette Valley, Oregon (U.S.A.). We examined owners' knowledge, beliefs, values, and socioeconomic contexts through in-depth individual and focus-group interviews to understand their motivations to conserve oak. We then used Schneider and Ingram's (1990) policy analysis framework to compare owners' motivations to the logic of policy. Owners had complex motivations for conserving oak. Despite this complexity, all 5 categories of policy that Schneider and Ingram describe hold promise. Policies that use symbolism to inspire behavior and policies that build capacity can harness owners' stewardship ethics and moral obligations. Policies that offer tangible rewards can build on owners' utilitarian motives. Policies that permit and prohibit behavior can tap owners' concerns about rule violations. Policies that promote voluntary, collaborative efforts can accommodate owners' need for autonomy and flexibility.     

北洛河流域植物多样性地理格局与环境关系

通过野外调查和历史文献及标本统计分析,确定并分析北洛河流域种子植物信息数据.结果表明：该区共有种子植物123科581属1671种,占黄土高原种子植物的83.67%、67.24%、51.83%,集中分布于大型科（>50种）、较大科（21~50种）和单种属（1种）、小型属（2~5种）内.11个干流流经的地理单元植物相似性聚类分为5组,较早分离的是黄龙县,最大类因子午岭山脉连接而包含4个地理单元（富县、合水县、宜君县、黄陵县）.富县、合水县和黄龙县植物丰富度SD值最高,洛川县、华池县和甘泉县SD值最低.该区地理成分在属级水平上有15个分布区类型16个变型,以温带分布及其变型为主（287属,占49.40%）,并与热带分布及其变型联系紧密（115属,占19.79%）,植物丰富度SD值与温带成分显著正相关;黄陵县、洛川县、黄龙县R/T值最高,热带性质最强,华池县、定边县R/T值最低,热带性质最弱.R/T值受海拔影响,随温度和降水从东南向西北递减.该区植物起源古老,分化程度高,物种多样性丰富,地理成分复杂,是重要的植物种质资源库.植物物种多样性地带性格局过渡性明显,体现出这些类群的生态位需求.需加强保护该区原生环境和植物,合理开发利用,可选择6大优势科（菊科、禾本科、蔷薇科、豆科、唇形科和毛茛科）中适地适树适草的物种（温带性质）,进行植被恢复和水土流失治理.     

Pay satisfaction and work–family conflict across time

On the basis of justice and exchange theories, the authors propose that employees offset their levels of work–family conflict (WFC) with their levels of pay satisfaction. Results based on two waves of data indicate that pay satisfaction has a negative relationship with WFC after controlling for actual pay and other work‐related and family‐related variables. Analysis of pay satisfaction dimensions reveals that satisfaction with benefits and pay structure are negatively related to WFC, whereas satisfaction with pay level and pay raise are not. Number of dependents and level of education moderate the relationship between pay satisfaction and WFC; specifically, having more dependents and higher education attenuates the relationship between pay satisfaction and WFC. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

家用小型汽车室内多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的检测

为了研究家用小型汽车室内多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的存在状态,对上海市7辆使用2 a以上的不同型号家用轿车进行了调查。采集形成于车窗玻璃内表面的有机膜,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GCMS)对有机模样品进行了定性及定量分析,并根据表面膜-空气分配模型计算汽车室内空气中PBDEs的质量浓度。结果表明:13种待测多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)目标化合物均被检出;在车窗玻璃内表面有机膜中,Σ13PBDEs含量为19.63~26.13 ng/m2;家用小型汽车室内空气中Σ13PBDEs质量浓度为376.61~961.24 pg/m3;由于PBDEs的正辛醇-空气分配系数KOA与PBDEs的溴代度正相关,高溴代PBDEs在有机膜中的含量较高(实测BDE-209是其最主要的污染物),而低溴代PBDEs在空气中的含量较高(BDE-28是其最主要的污染物);与家庭、办公场所、公共场所等室内环境相比,家用小型汽车室内空气中PBDEs质量浓度处于较高水平。     

东濮断陷湖盆陡坡带构造演化史恢复研究

陡坡带构造演化史研究对断陷湖盆具有重要意义,平衡剖面技术在面积(体积)守恒的基础上为恢复构造演化史提供了一种科学合理的技术方法。通过对东濮凹陷兰聊陡坡带进行平衡剖面法构造演化史恢复,再现了兰聊断层的活动规律及其对东濮断陷湖盆发展演化的控制作用,明确了东濮凹陷早第三纪层序地层发育特征、坡折带类型及其对砂砾岩扇体的控制作用,指出了隐蔽油气藏发育的有利层段和分布的有利地区。     

Source attribution matters: Mediation and moderation effects in the relationship between work‐to‐family conflict and job satisfaction

On the basis of the source attribution perspective of work–family conflict, this study aims to first test whether threat to the family role mediates the relationship between work‐to‐family conflict and job satisfaction. We then examine boundary conditions of the source attribution perspective by drawing on boundary management and gender role orientation theories to examine whether role segmentation enactment and gender role orientation moderate the relationship between work‐to‐family conflict and job satisfaction. Using a scenario‐based experiment in Study 1, we find that threat to the family role mediates the relationship between work‐to‐family conflict and job satisfaction. This finding provides evidence supporting the appraisal process proposed by the perspective of source attribution. Using survey data collected from 216 Chinese managers and their spouses in Study 2, we find that work‐to‐family conflict has a negative relationship with job satisfaction only among people with high levels of role segmentation between work and home. In addition, for male managers, the negative moderating effect of role segmentation enactment on the relationship between work‐to‐family conflict and job satisfaction is stronger for those with a nontraditional gender role orientation, compared with those with a traditional gender role orientation. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

Hardworking coworkers: A multilevel cross‐national look at group work hours and work–family conflict

This study investigates the relationship between coworker work hours and perceived work‐to‐family conflict (WFC) in a multinational sample of professional service employees. Building on recent research on the ways in which workgroups influence individual WFC, we demonstrate that the average hours worked by coworkers has a significant relationship to reported WFC independent of an employee's own work hours. Although this finding is universal across the multinational sample, national cultural differences were found to moderate the relationship, such that employees in more collectivist countries are more strongly influenced by average coworker hours than their counterparts in less collectivist countries. The multilevel analysis was conducted using a sample of 7,600 professional service employees in 497 different workgroups across 20 countries. The results provide support for the effect of culture on the relationship between group average hours and perceptions of WFC. We conclude with a discussion of how national culture affects WFC.     

RUNOFF POLLUTION FROM MULTIPLE FAMILY HOUSING1

ABSTRACT: Increasingly, residential development in urbanizing areas is accomplished by large housing projects, composed of clusters of townhouses or garden partments. It is hypothesized that the runoff from such developments should carry more pollution than that from the same number of housing units on separate plots, because the runoff is conveyed directly to drainage channels rather than being drained across lawns and gardens, which may absorb part of the pollutants. In order to evaluate this effect, storm event data were obtained from a planned unit development near Hightstown, N. J., using samples taken every 10 minutes throughout the storm at two different storm sewers. Results show heavy metals pollution about what had been anticipated, in accordance with the hypothesis given above, and BOD ammonia and phosphates higher than predicted. The results are significant for areawide water quality planning in metropolitan areas, where projections of future pollution loadings depends upon the land use.