高硫高铁土壤全硫提取和测定方法的改进

硫酸钡分光光度比浊法是大批量测定土壤环境样品硫含量的常用方法,但影响测定结果的因素较多,如稳定剂的选择、酸度的控制、BaCl：的形态和用量等均可对测定结果产生影响。在多金属硫化物矿区,由于长期的采矿冶炼活动,造成周边土壤中硫、铁含量增加,用比浊法测定硫含量时,铁的含量也对测定结果产生显著影响。针对这些影响因素,本研究在用硝酸．高氯酸湿法对土壤进行消解后,优化了硫酸钡分光光度比浊法测定高硫高铁样品的实验条件和实验步骤,并对多金属硫化物矿区的土壤样品进行了测定,得到了较好的结果。实验证明,称取0．50g土壤样品,消解后过滤,取滤液7mL,加入1mL研（1＋2）甘油．乙醇]=6％的甘油．乙醇为稳定剂,1mL浓磷酸掩蔽Fe3＋与cl-反应所显的黄色,定容到10mL,加入w（BaCl2）=10％的氯化钡溶液10mL,电磁搅拌1min,静置20-40min,在波长440nm处,比浊法测定土壤全硫含量,相对误差〈10％,取得良好的测定结果。此方法简单、快捷、方便,适合大批量环境样品的测定。     

钡盐共沉法处理酸性含铅废水

硫酸盐、氯化物复杂体系含铅酸性废水对环境的污染比较严重,并且不易处理.采用钡盐共沉法对含铅废水的处理进行研究,结果表明,钡盐共沉法可有效除去废水中的铅,但除铅效果受铅与废水中氯离子络合程度的影响,而受反应时间、温度、陈化时间的影响较小,容易实现工业化.采用钡盐共沉法处理硫酸盐氯化物复杂体系酸性废水.处理后的废水中含铅量远低于0.5 mg/L.     

可再生湿法烟气脱硫过程有机胺吸收液中硫酸根的测定

为了快速准确测定可再生湿法烟气脱硫过程有机胺吸收液中的p(SO2-4),建立了以茜素红为指示剂,用BaCl2直接滴定测定有机胺吸收液中p(SO2-4)的方法.实验结果表明:当试样pH为4.0 ～4.5时,方法的相对误差为0.28％-0.62％,加标回收率均在97％以上;SO2-3的存在会使p(SO2-4)的测定结果偏大...     

Carbon isotope effects during precipitation of barium carbonate: implications for environmental studies

Here we demonstrate that precipitation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to at pH 10.26, 11.38 and 12.11 does not cause measurable carbon isotope fractionation. However, NaOH solution prepared under standard laboratory procedure and used to increase pH value for precipitation of BaCO₃ can be contaminated by atmospheric CO₂. In our experiment, δ¹³C value in the contaminant DIC was −24.30‰, which resulted in decrease in the δ¹³C(DIC) value by 0.03, 0.07 and 0.22 at pH 10.26, 11.38 and 12.11, respectively.     

钡盐厂周边土壤中钡及各形态钡的分布规律

贵州省天柱县某钡盐厂污染排放导致周边土壤遭受污染,为此对钡盐厂周边污染土壤进行采样分析。分析结果表明,钡盐厂周边土壤存在严重的钡富集,钡盐厂周边2km范围内土壤钡的浓度范围为760.4～3196mg.kg-1;污染区土壤表层钡的分布受污染源的距离关系及所在风向的控制,各形态钡占总钡平均比例大小关系为残渣态>Fe/Mn结合态>有机结合态>弱酸结合态;土壤剖面钡的分布规律为表层土壤中的总钡及各形态钡的含量远高于下层,总体呈垂直递减规律;钡及形态钡在土壤中的迁移转化规律受土壤pH、电导率、有机质、总氮以及碱解氮等诸多因素的影响。     

钡渣中钡离子的淋溶释放规律

采用静态浸渣正交实验和动态淋溶实验 ,研究了钡渣中钡离子的淋溶释放规律。结果表明 ,在 p H为 5 .6、固液比 1∶ 7、浸取时间 60 min时 ,静态最大浸出率达到 92 .8% ,Ba2 + 的浸出浓度为 42 680 mg/L。动态淋溶释放规律 :淋溶初期当液固比 x<5时呈二次多项式 ,x >5后符合指数衰减模型 C=C0 ·Ψ· e- bx ,p H为 2 .6、5 .6时的模拟雨水下最大 Ba2 +淋溶浓度分别出现在 x为4.0、3 .76处。     

电镀废水的处理研究

研究了含铬、铜、锌电镀废水的处理方法。用ＢａＣｌ２沉淀铬后，加入Ｎａ２ＳＯ４除去多余的钡，然后用ＮａＯＨ沉淀Ｃｕ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋，经压滤后排出清水。     

Accumulation of elements by edible mushroom species II. A comparison of aluminium,barium and nutritional element contents

The aim of the study was to compare accumulation efficiency of Al, Ba and nutritional elements (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na) exhibited by six edible mushrooms collected in particular regions of Poland during the last 20 years. The studied mushroom species were Boletus edulis, Cantharellus cibarius, Lactarius deliciosus, Leccinum aurantiacum, Suillus luteus and Xerocomus badius. The highest and the lowest concentrations of the elements in tested mushroom species were 11 – 410, 34 – 337, 16785 – 34600, 140 – 607, 12 – 75 and 16 – 143 mg kg^?1d.m., respectively. The highest average concentrations of Al, Mg and Mn were observed in Suillus luteus fruiting bodies, while for Ba, Ca, K and Na it was in Lactarius deliciosus. BCF >1 was found for K and Mg in all tested mushroom species and additionally for the highest Ca and Na concentrations of all tested mushroom species except for C. cibarius and S. luteus, respectively. For the other tested elements (Al, Ba, Fe and Mn) BCF values < 1 were recorded.     

低温等离子体法去除苯和甲苯废气性能研究

对低温等离子体法去除苯和甲苯废气的性能进行了探讨,在理论分析的基础上进行实验研究。低温等离子体法去除苯和甲苯的机理是放电反应产生的高能电子与苯和甲苯分子发生非弹性碰撞并将能量全部或部分传递给目标分子,使其裂解、激化。被裂解、激化的分子与臭氧、活性基团发生一系列物理、化学反应后生成二氧化碳、一氧化碳和水。实验结果表明,苯和甲苯的去除率随着电场强度的增强而增大,随着气体流速的增大而减小。在较高电场强度下,有钛酸钡填料的反应器比无填料的反应器对苯和甲苯的去除率高得多,苯最高去除率可达92 6%,甲苯可达到96 8%。相同条件下甲苯比苯更容易去除。     

Drinking water quality at Isoko North communities of the Niger Delta Region,Nigeria

Groundwater samples from boreholes and open-hand-dug wells of six communities in the Isoko North Local Government Area of Nigeria were analyzed in respect to physicochemical factors, biological factors, and the metals Na, K, Mg, Ca, Ba, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, and Fe for eight consecutive months to give mean values for the wet (July to October 2010) and the dry seasons (November 2010 to February 2011) for each location. The physicochemical parameters complied with World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, except for the pH being lower and the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Ba, being higher than the permissible limits of WHO. Total coliform counts indicated bacterial contaminations, especially in one location. The presence of Pb in the drinking water of all communities seemed to be associated with oil exploration and processing activities.