控制棒驱动机构与反应堆堆顶组合模型的抗震分析

目的获得控制棒驱动机构(CRDM)和反应堆堆顶组件(RHP)在地震作用下的动力学响应。方法建立控制棒驱动机构与反应堆堆顶组件的有限元组合模型,采用ANSYS软件对模型开展三维非线性抗震分析。分析模型中分别用梁单元、杆单元和弹簧单元等模拟堆顶的各个部件,考虑控制棒驱动机构抗震支承板之间、抗震支承板与抗震支承环之间的相互碰撞作用。此外,将电缆托架和电缆桥组件的梁模型也加入到组合模型,而不是简单地将其简化为集中质量,可减小该部分质量分配不真实对抗震分析结果带来的误差。结果利用ANSYS软件时程法中的直接积分法完成了组合模型的抗震分析,提取了控制棒驱动机构和反应堆堆顶组件各部位应力评定所需的载荷。结论较为准确地模拟了抗震板之间的碰撞作用,得到了各截面的载荷,可为设备应力分析提供输入。     

基于剪切增稠液体的变阻尼隔振器动力学特性研究

目的研究一种具有变阻尼特性的剪切增稠液体(STF)隔振器。方法首先采用二氧化硅纳米颗粒和聚乙二醇200为工作介质合成剪切增稠液体,通过试验研究剪切增稠液体的流变特性。之后以剪切增稠液体为工作介质,设计一种活塞液压式减振增稠液体隔振器,建立隔振器的动力学模型,并通过数值仿真研究了该隔振器的减振性能;最后,研究剪切增稠液体隔振器隔振性能影响因素。结果当远离共振频率时,隔振器具有小阻尼特性;在共振区附近,由于剪切增稠效应,隔振器阻尼骤然增加,实现对共振峰的有效抑制。结论剪切增稠液隔振器可有效抑制共振峰,同时不会对高频隔振性能产生不利影响,有效解决了传统隔振器线性阻尼的固有缺点。     

One-step preparation of polyimide-inlaid amine-rich porous organic block copolymer for efficient removal of chlorophenols from aqueous solution

A novel polyimide-inlaid amine-rich porous organic block copolymer (PI-b-ARPOP) was prepared via one-step polymerization by using different molar ratios of melamine (MA)/terephthalaldehyde (TA)/pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA), at molar ratios of 4/3/1, 4/2/2 and 4/1/3. The copolymer contained both aminal groups belonging to ARPOP and imide groups belonging to PI, and the bonding styles of the monomers and growth orientations of the polymeric chains were diversiform, forming an excellent porous structure. Notably, MA/TA/PMDA (4/2/2) had a surface area and pore volume of 487.27?m²/g and 1.169?cm³/g, respectively. The adsorption performance of the materials towards 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in ultra-pure water was systematically studied. The pH value of 7 was optimal in aqueous solution. Na⁺ and Cl^? ions did not negatively affect the adsorption process, while humic acid (HA) slightly decreased the capacity. The equilibrium time was 40 sec, and the maximum adsorption capacity reached 282.49?mg/g at 298?K. The removal process was endothermic and spontaneous, and the copolymer could maintain its porous structure and consistent performance after regeneration by treatment with alkali. Moreover, to further assess the practical applicability of the material, the adsorption performance towards 2,4-DCP in river water was also investigated. This paper demonstrated that the PI-b-ARPOP can be an efficient and practical adsorbent to remove chlorophenols from aqueous solution.     

一株酸性大红3R脱色菌的分离、鉴定及其脱色性能研究

通过浓度梯度驯化,从厌氧污泥中分离到一株酸性大红3R脱色菌M3,根据其形态学特征及16S rRNA基因序列分析,鉴定该厌氧菌株为阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae).同时,研究了该菌株在厌氧静置条件下对酸性大红3R的最适脱色条件.结果表明,菌株脱色的最佳营养源为酵母粉,最适宜脱色条件为酵母粉浓度1％、pH =6.5、温度35 ℃、盐度小于4％,在此条件下,对浓度为100 mg·L-1酸性大红3R溶液厌氧静置培养72 h,脱色率达到98％以上.菌株耐盐性良好,在6％ ～8％的盐度下具有较好的脱色效果.分光光谱表明,菌株脱色机制主要为生物降解脱色.毒性试验表明,脱色后的酸性大红3R毒性明显降低.     

Removal of anaerobic soluble microbial products in a biological activated carbon reactor

The soluble microbial products (SMP) in the biological treatment effluent are generally of great amount and are poorly biodegradable. Focusing on the biodegradation of anaerobic SMP, the biological activated carbon (BAC) was introduced into the anaerobic system. The experiments were conducted in two identical lab-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors. The high strength organics were degraded in the first UASB reactor (UASB1) and the second UASB (UASB2, i.e., BAC) functioned as a polishing step to remove SMP produced in UASB1. The results showed that 90% of the SMP could be removed before granular activated carbon was saturated. After the saturation, the SMP removal decreased to 60% on the average. Analysis of granular activated carbon adsorption revealed that the main role of SMP removal in BAC reactor was biodegradation. A strain of SMP-degrading bacteria, which was found highly similar to Klebsiella sp., was isolated, enriched and inoculated back to the BAC reactor. When the influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 10,000 mg/L and the organic loading rate achieved 10 kg COD/(m 3 ·day), the effluent from the BAC reactor could meet the discharge standard without further treatment. Anaerobic BAC reactor inoculated with the isolated Klebsiella was proved to be an effective, cheap and easy technical treatment approach for the removal of SMP in the treatment of easily-degradable wastewater with COD lower than 10,000 mg/L.     

海洋细菌Marinobacter adhaerens HY-3分离鉴定及对中肋骨条藻的化感作用

菌藻化感作用是一种极其复杂的生理、生态学现象.从虾蟹混养池分离得到1株海洋细菌,经16S rRNA序列比对确定为Marinobacter adhaerens HY-3,选择我国常见赤潮优势种中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)作为对象,研究海洋细菌与其种间化感效应,利用共培养和添加细菌胞外代谢物,以S.costatum生长量及叶绿素a含量为参数,研究细菌对S.costatum生长及光合作用的影响.结果表明,菌液浓度104以上对S.costatum生长产生抑制,培养至第10 d,104、106、108组藻生长量分别是对照组的70%、23%、22%;叶绿素合成量是对照组88%、62%、60%;抑制效应随菌浓度的增加有逐渐增加的趋势.添加细菌胞外代谢物,对S.costatum生长无影响;因此,M.adhaerens HY-3对S.costatum存在一定的化感作用,对其生长及光合作用均产生较大的影响;S.costatum与M.adhaerens HY-3的种间相互作用,是由菌藻细胞的直接接触进行,代谢物不存在化感作用因子.     

地震海啸危险性概率分析的数值模型可靠性

随着地震危险性分析方法的成熟,地震海啸危险性评价工作也逐渐展开,并过渡为基于概率方法的危险性分析。对于没有足够历史海啸观测记录的地区,基于数值模拟的分析方法来评价该地区的海啸危险性是一种有效方法。本文选取了2010年以来发生的五次典型海洋地震,模拟海啸的产生和传播过程;对比分析模拟结果与观测数据后得出两者比较一致,从而验证了数值模型的可靠性,为今后我国地震海啸危险性概率分析提供了可靠的数值方法。．     

华重楼内生菌Iun35的分离及其抗菌蛋白的性质

从华重楼(Paris polyphylla Smith var.chinensis)块茎中分离纯化得到一株具有较强抑菌活性的内生细菌Iun35,经形态特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis).将分离得到的Iun35菌株发酵培养,培养液上清经硫酸铵分级沉淀、Sephadex G-75凝胶柱层析和DEAE-32纤维素柱层析分离纯化出一种抗菌蛋白UD35.用该蛋白对多种植物病原菌进行拮抗测定,结果显示,UD35对玉米纹枯病菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kuha)、小麦赤霉病菌[Gibberelle zeae(Schw.)]等多种菌有强烈抑制作用.测定其相对分子质量约为55 000,氨基酸分析结果表明其由17种氨基酸组成.图3表4参16     

基于GIS的城市地震建筑物次生火灾蔓延模型

考虑城市地震次生火灾发生和蔓延的实际情况,以城市内地震破坏下的建筑物为火灾蔓延的主要载体,从工程应用的角度按不同结构类型给出了次生火灾蔓延参数,并建立了不同类型结构蔓延的临界距离等;考虑地震破坏下和不同风速对燃烧参数的影响,建立了以建筑物为对象的城市地震次生火灾蔓延模型。并以地理信息系统为平台,开发了城市地震次生火灾蔓延模拟系统。该模型的建立可为防御和减轻城市地震次生火灾提供辅助决策,同时对城市日常防火也有一定的参考价值。     

汶川8.0级地震路堑墙震害特征及机理分析

通过对2005年竣工的都江堰至映秀的三级公路的调查,分析了路堑墙的汶川8.0级地震震害模式;以浆砌片石典型解体崩毁工点为例,将基于抗震设计规范的验算与实震情况比较,认为现行抗震规范是按照刚性挡土墙进行设计的,对于"柔性挡土墙"并不完全适用;通过拟静力法进行计算认为墙后坡度越大,挡墙稳定性越差,未超过一定坡度时主动土压力系数增长缓慢,当超过一定坡度时,主动土压力系数急剧增长。