应用活性污泥表面曝气法处理制浆污水

介绍了南平造纸厂采用活性污泥表面曝气法处理制浆污水四年以来的运行状况,除COD_(cr)一项指标外,BOD_5、SS、pH均达到国家一级排放标准.指出了运行中存在和需改进的问题.     

浅析黄河流域及黄淮海平原降水时空分布特征及其与水资源合理利用之互补

黄河是西北—华北地区工农业生产和生活的重要水资源。如何结合流域内降水时空分布特征及农业需水规律,适应自然条件和经济发展,对黄河水从时间、空间、数量上进行调节性利用,达到河水与降水互补,对于充分利用黄河水资源具有重要意义。本文就此问题进行研究,用经验正交函数分解的方法对黄河流域不同年型和主要作物发育期的降水时空分布进行分析,并根据分析结果提出了合理利用黄河水资源的建议。     

Diagnosis and recommendations for transjurisdictional water pollution management in China

Large-scale water environmental deterioration is one of the most prominent environmental issues in current China. Transjurisdictional water pollution is an important reason for water environmental deterioration of river basins, and currently there are some major defects that exist in China's management system related to transjurisdictional water pollution. With seven major river basins in China as an object of study, this paper is designed to perform a diagnosis of major problems about the transjurisdictional water pollution management in China from three aspects, i.e. institution, mechanism, and legislation. On the basis of this, it gives an overall train of thoughts on the reform of transjurisdictional water pollution management in China, and proposes specific recommendations from the aforesaid three aspects.     

按"小流域生物圈"理念建设自然保护区--以纳版河自然保护区为例

以纳板河流域自然保护区建区10年的管理实践为例,论述了应以“小流域生物圈”为指导思想,建设和管理自然保护区,从而体现保护、科研、开发相结合,保护与当地群众脱贫致富相结合,有效保护和持续利用资源,最终形成人与自然和谐相处的环境。     

Written Accounts of an Amazonian Landscape Over the Last 450 Years

Abstract:  Books, articles, government documents, and other written accounts of tropical biology and conservation reach a tiny fraction of their potential audience. Some texts are inaccessible because of the language in which they are written. Others are only available to subscribers of developed-world journals, or distributed narrowly within tropical countries. To examine this dysfunction in the tropical literature—and what it means for conservation—we tried to compile everything ever written on the biology and conservation of the department of Madre de Dios, Peru, in southwestern Amazonia. Our search of libraries, databases, and existing bibliographies uncovered 2,202 texts totaling roughly 80,000 pages. Texts date from 1553 to 2004, but 93% were written after 1970. Since that year the publication rate has increased steadily from fewer than 10 texts/year to nearly 3 texts/week in 2004. Roughly half of the Madre de Dios bibliography is in Spanish-language texts written by Peruvian authors and mostly inaccessible outside Peru. Most of the remaining material is English-language texts written by foreign authors and largely inaccessible in Peru. Foreign authors tended to write about ecological studies with limited relevance to on-the-ground conservation challenges, whereas Peruvian authors were more likely to make specific management recommendations. The establishment of a Web-based digital library for Neotropical nature would help make the tropical literature a more efficient resource for science and conservation. Additional recommendations include investing in syntheses, translations, popular summaries, and peer-reviewed journals in tropical countries, providing incentives for management-relevant research in tropical protected areas, and reinforcing training of scientific reading and writing in tropical universities.     

滇池流域水资源调控仿真框架研究

以滇池流域为例，介绍一种利用概化网络进行水资源调控仿真与预测的思路与方法，为流域水资源的宏观调控与管理规划提供决策支持。     

长江中下游燕山期火山岩地质特征及其与成矿的关系

笔者根据长江中下游基底构造特征、火山岩时空分布及其相互关系,对该区火山岩盆地进行了重新认定,划分出三个受北东-北北东向和近东西向两组岩石圈断裂控制的断陷火山盆地.在此基础上,依据火山活动特点及其与壳断裂的关系又将其划分为若干个亚盆地.本文系统论述了各盆地的火山岩演化、岩石组合及其地球化学特征;对内生金属矿床与火山岩的关系作了探讨,认为成岩物质主要来源于上地幔,成矿作用是火山活动的一部分,成矿物质主要来源于岩浆.     

小议流域水环境的跨界水质保护管理工作

近年来，全国各地都开展了大规模的水环境整治工作，但由于跨界水污染引起的问题越来越严重，也越发引起各级政府的重视，为此，国家和省都出台了一系列的法规政策。本文简要介绍了我国有关跨界水质保护的政策，以及佛山市在跨界水质保护方面所做的一些工作。     

辽河流域地下水超采的生态环境效应及治理对策研究

20世纪70年代以来，辽河流域地下水资源开采量逐渐增加，局部地区地下水严重超采，地下水位下降、地下漏斗、地下水水质超标的情况日益严重，引发了天然植被退化、海水入侵等生态问题，进一步加剧了水资源短缺，严重威胁着流域水资源的可持续利用和社会经济的可持续发展。分析辽河流域地下水超采对地下水位、水质的影响及其相关的生态问题。并提出节约用水、加强地下水和地表水资源的统一规划和统一调度、建立健全地下水动态监测系统、沿海地区充分开采利用海水、已形成严重漏斗区建设利用地下水库等相应的对策与建议。     

滇池流域冲沟和强侵蚀区水土和氮磷流失综合控制技术研究

介绍了滇池流域冲沟和强侵蚀区水土和氮磷流失控制研究的内容、方法及取得的效果等.