崂山风景区旅游环境容量研究

通过对历年游客流量调查，分析了崂山风景区客流时间和空间分布特征。计算了景区9条步道游线，3条索道和7个人文景观区的日容量、月容量和年容量，并分析了景区旅游环境容量的利用强度，发现2004年景区各条步道游线、各条索道和各个人文景观区的日、月、年容量利用强度均为适载，但第一、第二和第三高峰日已严重超载。最后，制定了游客流量宏观调控对策及微观调控措施。     

水环境可持续承载评价方法及实证研究

基于广义水环境的概念，研究水环境承载可持续性的量化评价方法，拓展了水环境承载的内涵。主要考虑水环境的水源、资源、纳污、生态等四个功能过程，兼顾社会调节活动对水环境功能的影响。设计并构建了水环境承载的可持续性评价指标体系。对指标体系的1个指数、6个分类指标和36个衰征变量，采用多指标综合评价方法进行定量评价，得到水环境可持续承载度。建立了基予GIS的评价平台。结合白洋淀保定地区的案例进行了水环境承载的实证评价，分析了不同年份水环境承载度指数的变化趋势。提出了改善水环境承载状况的措施建议。研究成果可为科学制定保护规划和管理政策提供技术依据。     

可持续发展水利的生态学分析

生态学的整体、平衡和协调、竞争共生、循环再生等原理为可持续发展水利提供了生态学理论依据。我国治水思路的发晨过程人与自然平衡”的生态适应过程。本文阐明了可持续发展水利的生态学内涵，提出承资源和水环境承栽能力研究是可持续发展水利要解决的两个关键问题。基于 生态学理论中人与自然协调发展的理念，提出可行的保障可持续发展水利实施的生态学措施。     

A Model for Predicting Daily Peak Visitation and Implications for Recreation Management and Water Quality: Evidence from Two Rivers in Puerto Rico

Visitor use surveys and water quality data indicates that high visitor use levels of two rivers in Puerto Rico does not appear to adversely affect several water quality parameters. Optimum visitor use to maximize visitor defined satisfaction is a more constraining limit on visitor use than water quality. Our multiple regression analysis suggests that visitor use of about 150 visitors per day yields the highest level of visitor reported satisfaction, a level that does not appear to affect turbidity of the river. This high level of visitor use may be related to the gregarious nature of Puerto Ricans and their tolerance for crowding on this densely populated island. The daily peak visitation model indicates that regulating the number of parking spaces may be the most effective way to keep visitor use within the social carrying capacity.     

基于大气环境箱式模型对成都平原城市群主要城市空间发展的评价分析

本文讨论了大气环境箱式模型的两种表达方式在成都平原城市群规划中的适用性,并采用箱式模型计算成都平原城市群主要城市的大气环境容量,通过对不同假设条件的用地布局方案的大气环境容量计算和比较,对规划方案确定的南北轴线主要城市空间发展提出了限制性条件,使规划方案符合大气环境容量的要求,以确保环境空气质量目标的实现.     

基于相对资源承载力的可持续发展问题研究——以河北省为例

采用相对资源承载力的研究思路与计算方法,分别计算出1996—2005年河北省土地资源、经济资源的相对承载力和综合承载力,并分析了其动态变化过程。研究表明:①河北省综合承载力一直处于超载状态,经济资源承载力于2004年后呈现富余状态,经济资源成为河北省的主要承载资源;②与环渤海的其它4省市相比,相对土地资源承载力处于富余状态,相对经济资源承载力处于超载状态;③河北省内11个地市相对资源承载力存在着地区差异。通过河北省相对承载力方面的研究,提出了河北省实现可持续发展的对策与建议。     

水资源承载力研究进展

目前,水资源承载力研究主要集中于水资源承载力的各个方面,总体上还没有对其形成一个系统的认识。在总结水资源承载力研究历史和现状的基础上,阐述了水资源承载力的概念与内涵,对其研究方法及存在问题进行了论述,并预测了水资源承载力研究的发展趋势。     

A method for quick assessment of CO2 storage capacity in closed and semi-closed saline formations

Saline aquifers of high permeability bounded by overlying/underlying seals may be surrounded laterally by low-permeability zones, possibly caused by natural heterogeneity and/or faulting. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) injection into and storage in such “closed” systems with impervious seals, or “semi-closed” systems with non-ideal (low permeability) seals, is different from that in “open” systems, from which the displaced brine can easily escape laterally. In closed or semi-closed systems, the pressure buildup caused by continuous industrial-scale CO₂ injection may have a limiting effect on CO₂ storage capacity, because geomechanical damage caused by overpressure needs to be avoided. In this research, a simple analytical method was developed for the quick assessment of the CO₂ storage capacity in such closed and semi-closed systems. This quick-assessment method is based on the fact that native brine (of an equivalent volume) displaced by the cumulative injected CO₂ occupies additional pore volume within the storage formation and the seals, provided by pore and brine compressibility in response to pressure buildup. With non-ideal seals, brine may also leak through the seals into overlying/underlying formations. The quick-assessment method calculates these brine displacement contributions in response to an estimated average pressure buildup in the storage reservoir. The CO₂ storage capacity and the transient domain-averaged pressure buildup estimated through the quick-assessment method were compared with the “true” values obtained using detailed numerical simulations of CO₂ and brine transport in a two-dimensional radial system. The good agreement indicates that the proposed method can produce reasonable approximations for storage–formation–seal systems of various geometric and hydrogeological properties.     

可持续发展理念下的地质环境承载力初步探讨

在环境承载力概念的基础上定义了地质环境承载力,讨论了地质环境承载力的内在涵义及特点,以城市地质环境为例,探讨了地质环境承载力评价的工作程序。     

基于三角模糊技术的河流水环境容量研究

基于河流水环境系统的随机性、模糊性特征,以及资料信息的不足和不精确性,将水环境系统参数定义为三角模糊数。在此基础上,通过将常规的确定性模型参量模糊化,建立了河流水环境容量计算模糊模型。根据该模型,可以计算得到三角模糊数形式的河流水环境容量;再由给定的可信度水平要求,可以进一步将水环境容量由三角模糊数转化为区间值。实例研究表明,相对于常规的确定性方法,所得结果更为科学、合理,而且计算简单、操作方便,具有实用价值。