环境承载力论初探

正确判断人类神经行为，特别是经济发展行为是否与所处的环境条件相协调，是实现环境与经济协调发展的前景。     

VARIATION IN ADIRONDACK,NEW YORK,LAKEWATER CHEMISTRY AS FUNCTION OF SURFACE AREA1

ABSTRACT: Data from a recent survey conducted by the Adirondack Lake Survey Corporation were used to evaluate the influence of lake surface area on the acid-base status of lakes in Adirondack State Park, New York. Acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) in the small lakes (< 4 ha) occurred more frequently at extreme values (> 200, < 0 μeq L^?1), whereas larger lakes tended to be intermediate in ANC. Consequently, acidic (ANC ≤ 0) and low-pH lakes were typically small. The small lakes also exhibited lower Ca²⁺ concentration and higher dissolved organic carbon than did larger lakes. Lakes ≥ 4 ha were only half as likely to be acidic as were lakes ≥ 1 ha in area. These data illustrate the dependence of lake chemistry on lake surface area and the importance of the lower lake area limit for a statistical survey of lake water chemistry.     

含硫污水汽提装置的技术改造

洛阳石化总厂五联合装置对含硫污水汽提装置的技术改造，不改变塔体，仅采用新型梯型立体喷射塔盘就能使其处理能力扩大70％－100％，运行效果较好，对国内炼厂同类环保装置的扩改及推行清洁生产有借鉴之处。     

The Declining Influence of Science On Marine Environmental Policy

Differences between the scientific and environmental policy communities regarding marine environmental protection strategies are discussed in the context of the nature and extent of scientific influence on marine environmental policy. Public perceptions of the nature and severity of marine pollution frequently differ from scientific assessments. the thesis of this paper is that the increasing influence of public perception on marine environmental protection policy is leading to the adoption of simplistic and unnecessarily extreme approaches to marine pollution prevention and to a reduced reliance on science. This trend is illustrated by some recent international developments and some suggestions are made towards enhancing the influence of science on marine protection policy.     

RPC200人行道板抗弯承载力试验研究

笔者对铁路桥梁用空心无配筋活性粉末混凝土人行道板进行了抗弯试验研究 ,探讨了其受力变形性能。分析表明 :活性粉末混凝土人行道板的安全系数均大于 2 ,满足承载能力要求 ;位移延性系数均大于 3.5 ,具有良好的延性性能 ,破坏形式属于延性破坏。该类人行道板的成果已通过铁道部专家的鉴定 ,拟用于青藏铁路桥梁实际工程中。     

南京东郊风景区旅游环境容量初步研究

通过对南京东郊风景区的实地考察和问卷调查的统计分析，从旅游者的旅游动机、旅游行为方式等方面论述了旅游环境容量的确定和意义，并提出了调控对策和管理意见。     

THE COST OF PEAK CAPACITY WATER1

ABSTRACT: Calgary, the fastest growing city in Canada, is about to expand its urban water supply facilities in order to meet peak summer demands. Most of Calgary's residential water is sold by flat rate. The effect of this pricing policy on peak and average demands is discussed. The true marginal cost of peak capacity from the new expansion is calculated. The effect of a proposed metering program on capacity expansion requirements is computed. It is concluded that metering should preceed the next capacity expansion.     

基于生态足迹方法的苏州市循环经济发展评价

依据生态足迹模型,计算了苏州市2004—2008年开展循环经济期间的生态足迹,并对其生态足迹多样性指数和可持续发展能力指标等进行分析。分析结果表明,自2004年推进循环经济以来,虽然苏州市生态足迹和生态赤字逐年增大,但是其年增长速度逐渐减小,发展模式正在向可持续发展方向转变。由于苏州的土地类型利用多样性不高,经济发展过度依赖能源的消耗,导致系统的发展能力受到限制,据此提出了苏州市进一步发展循环经济的对策建议。     

基于资源环境承载力的规划结构优化方法探讨

规划结构合理性以及规划结构优化是规划环境影响评价关注的核心问题之一。文章以某煤电、煤化工基地规划环评为例,探讨了以区域资源、环境承载力为约束条件,以经济效益最大化为规划目标,采用线性规划法优化煤电、煤化工基地规划结构的过程。线性规划模型以煤电、煤化工产品的规模作为变量;资源、环境约束条件包括水资源消耗量、煤炭资源消耗量、蒸汽消耗量、电能消耗量、SO2排放量和CO2排放量。通过线性规划模型对煤电、煤化工产品的规模进行优化,在增加煤电、煤化工基地的经济效益的同时,减小了区域资源消耗和污染物排放水平。     

Removal of bromate ion using powdered activated carbon

Bromate ion (BrO 3) removal from drinking water by powdered activated carbons (PAC S) in bath mode was evaluated under various operational conditions.Six kinds of PACs,including wood-based carbon,fruit-based carbon,coal-based carbon,and these three carbons thermally deoxidized in a nitrogen atmosphere,were selected to investigate their capacity on BrO 3 removal.With the highest zeta potential value and being richly mesoporous,coal-based carbon had a high and an excellent BrO 3 adsorption efficiency.The removal content of BrO 3 by per gram of coal-based carbon was 0.45 mg within 5 hr in 100 μg/L bromate solution.The surface characteristics of PACs and bromide formation revealed that both physical and chemical PACs properties simultaneously affected the adsorptionreduction process.Under acidic conditions,PAC S possessed high zeta value and adequate basic groups and exhibited neutral or positive charges,promoting BrO 3 adsorption-reduction on the carbon surface.Interestingly,the PAC S thermally deoxidized in N 2 atmosphere optimized their properties,e.g.increasing their zeta values and decreasing the oxygen content which accelerated the BrO 3 removal rate.The maximum adsorption capacity of fruit-based carbon was the highest among all tested carbons (99.6 mg/g),possibly due to its highest pore volume.Remarkably,the thermal regeneration of PACs in N 2 atmosphere could completely recover the adsorption capacity of PACs.The kinetic data obtained from carbons was analyzed using pseudo second-order and intraparticle diffusion models,with results showing that the intraparticle diffusion was the more applicable model to describe adsorption of BrO 3 onto PACs.