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排序方式: 共有67条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
Pb超富集植物金丝草(Pogonatherum crinitum)、柳叶箬(Lsache globosa) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
重金属超富集植物是植物修复技术的核心和前提,但目前国内发现的Pb超富集植物较少,本研究通过野外调查和室内胁迫模拟实验相结合的方法,在国内首次发现并证实金丝草和柳叶箬为Pb的超富集植物。野外调查结果表明;金丝草地上部分Pb含量1 231.80 mg/kg,转运系数达到1.32,柳叶箬地上部分Pb含量1 818.40 mg/kg,转运系数6.5。室内模拟胁迫实验表明:在Pb胁迫浓度为5 000 mg/kg时金丝草和柳叶箬对Pb的转运系数均大于1,而且其地上部分Pb含量也超过1 000 mg/kg的水平。在Pb胁迫浓度为18 000 mg/kg时2种植物体内Pb含量达到最大值,金丝草地上部分和地下部分Pb含量分别达3 789.84 mg/kg和4 964.76 mg/kg,柳叶箬地上部分和地下部分Pb含量分别达3 411.56 mg/kg和1 523.02 mg/kg。 相似文献
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Sukran Akkus Ozen 《Chemistry and Ecology》2016,32(4):346-356
High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) methods were used for determination of histidine and lead in leaves of six plant species taken from industrial areas, including Gaziantep and Bursa cities, Turkey. For extraction of histidine from plant samples, ultrapure water was used at 90°C for 30?min. Using optimum conditions of 0.2?mL?min?1, 70?V, 15?µL and 20°C, concentrations of histidine (in mg?kg?1) were found to be between 2 and 9 for Morus L., 6 and 13 for Robinia pseudoacacio L., 2 and 10 for Populous nigra L., 3 and 10 for Thuja, 1 and 11 for Cupressus arizonica and 4 for Cedrus libani. Concentrations of lead were in the ranges of 4–378?mg?kg?1 for Morus L., 1–122?mg?kg?1 for R. pseudoacacio L., 1–14?mg?kg?1 for P. nigra L., 1.6–224?mg?kg?1 for Thuja (Cupressaceae), 1.5–57?mg?kg?1 for C. arizonica and 1.8?mg?kg?1 for C. libani. Related with correlation coefficient, significant linear correlation for Thuja (Cupressaceae) (r?=?0.81) and insignificant linear correlation for P. nigra L. (r?=?0.50) were seen. Further, the leaves of Morus L., Thuja and R. pseudoacacio L. have a potential as biomonitor and/or hyperaccumulator for Pb because the rates of their maximum/minimum concentrations were found higher than 90. 相似文献
64.
大同盆地是典型的高砷地下水分布区。利用从地方性砷中毒严重病区山阴县采集的高砷地下水样品,用稀释培养法实验研究了外加砷源对地下水中微生物数量的影响;同时基于生物学可培养法和16S rDNA序列比对法,选取代表性高砷水样,研究了耐砷菌的种群特征。结果表明,外加砷源对地下水中微生物数量影响显著,高浓度砷会抑制大部分微生物生长,使微生物数量减少;低浓度砷对微生物生长具有一定促进作用。通过多次分离、纯化从3个不同砷含量地下水样中分离到多株砷抗性菌,经鉴定属于主要为Bacillus、Pseudomonas、Paenibacillus、Aeromonas、Enterobacter5个属。从RDP(Ribosomal Database Project)分析显示3个水样可培养微生物组成不同,都有生存能力强能够耐低浓度NaAsO2的Bacillales,优势耐砷菌是γ-proteobacteria,其中Enterbacter具有耐高浓度NaAsO2的能力。 相似文献
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表面活性剂对小花南芥(Arabis alpina L.var.parviflora Franch)累积铅锌的促进作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、鼠李糖脂(rhamnolipids)和皂角苷(saponins)等不同离子类型的表面活性剂对矿渣中重金属Pb和Zn的解吸效果,并采用盆栽实验研究了上述3种表面活性剂对Pb和Zn超富集植物小花南芥(Arabis alpina L.var.parviflora Franch)的生物量、吸收和富集重金属的影响。结果表明:3种表面活性剂对Pb的解吸效率是鼠李糖脂〉皂角苷〉CTAB,对Zn的解吸效率随处理质量浓度增加而增加,解吸率介于2.84%~10.84%之间;3种表面活性剂都能促进小花南芥叶长、根长、冠幅、地上部生物量及地下部生物量增加,与对照相比增加了1.06~1.92倍,除了表面活性剂CTAB处理质量浓度为7.5g.L^-1时,小花南芥叶长、冠幅、根长及地下部和地上部生物量都下降,分别为对照的0.61~0.88倍。添加三种表面活性剂都能显著促进小花南芥地下部和地上部累积Pb和Zn,并且位移系数和富集系数都大于1。这说明3种表面活性剂对小花南芥修复重金属铅和锌污染的土壤有促进作用。 相似文献
66.
Dredging sediments from water bodies in Illinois is done topreserve reservoir capacity, maintain navigation and recreationchannels, and restore habitats, but the fate of the sediments is an issue. In anticipation of a major sediment dredging operationin Lake Peoria in the Illinois River, a retrospective study ofsediment placement operations was performed. Sedimentspreviously dredged from reservoirs and placed in retaining pondswere sampled along with adjacent upland soils which served asreferences. Sediments from the Illinois River above Peoria weresampled from islands, river bottom, and adjacent floodplain. Dredged sediment retention ponds initially support wetlandvegetation. After dewatering, the physical properties of sediments tend to become similar to upland soils and theretention basins are then able to support conventionalagriculture. Sediment organic matter content was similar to localreference surface soils, and soil pH of the sediments wasneutral or above. Sediment textures are dominated by silts and clays, with the Lake Peoria samples being most clayey. Calcium was the dominant cation in all the samples, and micronutrientsmeasured were in adequate supply for plant growth. However,because the Illinois River watershed includes industrial inputs,river sediments contained elevated levels of some metals, butthey were generally below levels of regulatory concern. Resultsindicated that properly handled dredge sediments could make highquality agricultural soils. In addition, sediment placement onpoor soils could improve their productivity. 相似文献
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