黑龙江省与俄罗斯煤炭科技合作的利益博弈研究

黑龙江省在开展对俄科技合作中充分利用地缘和历史渊源的优势,采取技贸结合、产学研结合等多种方式,形成了全方位、多渠道、多形式的科技交流合作新局面.借鉴博弈论和区域经济学的观点,以黑龙江省与俄罗斯煤炭合作的利益博弈为基础,探讨了煤炭技术发展水平不同的两地在参与区域煤炭合作时应采取的不同策略,以此为两地区域科技合作提供借鉴.     

土地整理效益评价——以湛江市丰收农场土地整理项目为例

土地整理效益评价是科学评价土地整理效果的依据.以广东省湛江市丰收农场土地整理项目为例,从经济、社会、生态三方面选取10个评价指标,采取层次分析法确定指标权重,运用模糊综合评价法对项目整理前后的各种效益进行评价与分析.结果表明,项目的实施为项目区带来了显著的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益和综合效益.     

How does a nature-based solution for flood control compare to a technical solution? Case study evidence from Belgium

The strategy of reconnecting rivers with their floodplains currently gains popularity because it not only harnesses natural capacities of floodplains but also increases social co-benefits and biodiversity. In this paper, we present an example of a successfully implemented nature-based solution (NBS) in the Dijle valley in the centre of Belgium. The research objective is to retrospectively assess cost and benefit differences between a technical solution (storm basins) and an alternative NBS, here the restoration of the alluvial floodplain. The method is a comparative social cost–benefit analysis. The case study analysis reveals similar flood security, lower costs, more ecosystem services benefits and higher biodiversity values associated with the NBS option in comparison to the technical alternative. However, the business case for working with NBS depends substantially on the spatial and socio-ecological context. Chances for successful NBS implementation increase in conditions of sufficient space to retain flood water, when flood water is of sufficient quality, and when economic activity and housing in the floodplain is limited.Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s13280-021-01548-4).     

废铝回收处理技术及工艺研究

随着我国用铝量的逐年增加,再生铝高值利用越来越受到行业关注。介绍了废铝回收处理工艺及设备,以及废铝回收处理过程中的技术难点。指出废铝回收再利用,对节约资源、保护环境具有重要意义。     

Evaluation of health benefit using BenMAP-CE with an integrated scheme of model and monitor data during Guangzhou Asian Games

Guangzhou is the capital and largest city(land area:7287 km2)of Guangdong province in South China.The air quality in Guangzhou typically worsens in November due to unfavorable meteorological conditions for pollutant dispersion.During the Guangzhou Asian Games in November 2010,the Guangzhou government carried out a number of emission control measures that significantly improved the air quality.In this paper,we estimated the acute health outcome changes related to the air quality improvement during the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games using a next-generation,fully-integrated assessment system for air quality and health benefits.This advanced system generates air quality data by fusing model and monitoring data instead of using monitoring data alone,which provides more reliable results.The air quality estimates retain the spatial distribution of model results while calibrating the value with observations.The results show that the mean PM_2.5concentration in November 2010 decreased by 3.5μg/m~3 compared to that in 2009 due to the emission control measures.From the analysis,we estimate that the air quality improvement avoided 106 premature deaths,1869 cases of hospital admission,and 20,026 cases of outpatient visits.The overall cost benefit of the improved air quality is estimated to be 165 million CNY,with the avoided premature death contributing 90%of this figure.The research demonstrates that Ben MAP-CE is capable of assessing the health and cost benefits of air pollution control for sound policy making.     

城市生态空间PM2.5削减效益研究——以北京市为例

以生态系统服务的空间依赖性为理论基础,利用2000年与2015年北京市土地利用数据以及PM_2.5年均浓度数据,以30m*30m的土地利用栅格为研究单元,通过建立多元线性回归模型,发现其他条件相同的情况下,生态用地上的PM_2.5浓度比非生态用地上低32.29%,进而探究了生态空间的PM_2.5削减效益及其空间依赖性.结果表明,2000年与2015年,北京市生态空间削减全市范围内PM_2.5浓度4.64和9.03μg/m³,带来的以非意外总死亡健康终点记的人群健康经济效益分别达7954~15896万元与21980~43927万元;生态空间的PM_2.5削减效益存在着空间溢出作用,且不同土地利用类型对其响应方式不同;结构和规模会影响生态空间的效益发挥,线状生态空间在影响范围、污染物削减效果以及人群健康效益方面均优于面状生态空间,且其比较优势随着规模的扩大愈发凸显.建议城市生态空间建设中合理利用其空间特性以提高生态效益与资源利用效率,在城市中心地区增建小型、点状或线状的生态空间,从而在土地资源极度稀缺的情况下最大化其空气质量改善效益.     

腾冲北海湿地问题诊断与工程对策措施研究

在北海湿地问题诊断的基础上,提出了具体的目标和工程对策措施,并做了工程效益分析。     

铁路客车空调节能改造与合同能源管理

合同能源管理作为一种节能新机制,不同于传统的节能新技术和产品销售模式,其灵活多样的合作方式为节能改造项目提供了广阔的应用前景。针对如何在铁路局集团公司实施普速客车空调节能改造合同能源管理项目进行探讨,提出了实施的原则、方法,以期对铁路系统展开项目合同能源管理有借鉴意义。     

成渝地区《大气污染防治行动计划》实施的成本效益评估

本文基于大气污染导致的疾病负担模型和投入产出模型，利用成渝地区环境统计基表以及《大气污染防治行动计划》（以下简称"大气十条"）自查报告的详细数据，对成渝地区"大气十条"实施的大气污染治理成本、健康效益和社会经济影响进行全面评估，得出如下结论：①成渝地区"大气十条"实施的环境健康效益大于其治理成本，成渝地区"大气十条"实施成本为376.3亿元，环境健康效益为670亿元，环境健康效益比实施成本高78%。②重点工业行业是成渝地区"大气十条"治理的重点，其治理成本为309.3亿元；其次是机动车治理成本，为50.1亿元。③成渝地区"大气十条"实施的环保投资为746亿元，对GDP拉动效应为1004.7亿元，增加就业5.24万人，有一定的社会经济拉动效益。④成渝地区PM_2.5降低1μg/m³需花费8.2亿元，其中，四川省PM_2.5降低1μg/m³成本为10.4亿元，重庆市为6.0亿元。     

CDM机制--煤层气利用新的融资渠道

随着〈京都议定书〉于 2005年 2月的生效,有效减排温室气体,改善大气环境日益成为一个重要问题; ＂清洁发展机制 ＂（ CDM）为煤层气利用提供了新的融资渠道,煤层气利用的环境效益越来越受到重视.