引入火灾保险后消防投资经济性的评价模型

在西方发达国家,业主为减轻火灾发生后的实际损失,在火灾发生之前会主动采取火灾风险管理措施,而火灾保险是其中的重要部分,这也是我国今后火灾风险管理的发展方向之一. 通过购买火灾保险,业主将火灾损失的一部分或全部转移到保险公司,但业主需每年向保险公司交纳一定数额的保险费.购买火灾保险之后,消防投资经济性的评价模型会发生一些改变.本文基于经济性学的基本理论和方法,对这些新模型进行了较为全面的研究,为投资者做出科学合理的决策提供指导和帮助.     

旋风除尘器的性能及改进方案

介绍了旋风除尘器内部流场和除尘机理。针对旋风除尘器除尘效率问题分析、总结了现有的改进方法，指出了存在的不足，并结合前人的改进思路提出了新的改进方案，以提高旋风除尘器的分离效率，为进一步挖掘旋风除尘器的潜在性能开辟新的思路。     

气体膜分离技术的应用

气体膜分离技术已逐渐成为成熟的化工分离单元。目前常见的气体膜分离技术的应用机理有两种一是气体通过多孔膜的微孔扩散机理;二是气体通过无孔膜的溶解-扩散机理。该技术在锦西石化分公司聚丙烯装置有机蒸汽膜法回收系统的运行结果表明,丙烯回收率为98%,每年可多回收丙烯850t左右,价值382.5万元。在石油炼制行业,膜分离技术作为一项绿色、高效、环保的分离技术,有其广泛的开发和应用前景。     

冀东油田污水处理工艺研究

冀东油田于2002年相继完成了两座联合站污水处理系统的改造扩建工程后,日处理能力均达到10000m3。2个污水处理系统的工艺基本相同,主要采用沉降隔油、过滤和生化处理等方法。处理后外排水水质指标全部达到国家GB8978-1996一级排放标准。经济效益显著,大幅降低了运行成本,一年即可为油田节约成本1670万元。同时,对运行中存在的外输污水中硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)含量超标以及药剂的匹配性和过滤罐性能不很稳定的问题提出了改进意见和建议。     

Measuring Biotechnology Employees’ Ethical Attitudes towards a Controversial Transgenic Cattle Project: The Ethical Valence Matrix

What is the relationship between biotechnology employees’ beliefs about the moral outcomes of a controversial transgenic research project and their attitudes of acceptance towards the project? To answer this question, employees (n=466) of a New Zealand company, AgResearch Ltd., were surveyed regarding a project to create transgenic cattle containing a synthetic copy of the human myelin basic protein gene (hMBP). Although diversity existed amongst employees’ attitudes of acceptance, they were generally: in favor of the project, believed that it should be allowed to proceed to completion, and that it is acceptable to use transgenic cattle to produce medicines for humans. These three items were aggregated to form a project acceptance score. Scales were developed to measure respondents’ beliefs about the moral outcomes of the project for identified stakeholders in terms of the four principles of common morality (benefit, non-harm, justice, and autonomy). These data were statistically aggregated into an Ethical Valence Matrix for the project. The respondents’ project Ethical Valence Scores correlated significantly with their project acceptance scores (r=0.64, p<0.001), accounting for 41% of the variance in respondents’ acceptance attitudes. Of the four principles, non-harm had the strongest correlation with attitude to the project (r=0.59), followed by benefit and justice (both r=0.54), then autonomy (r=0.44). These results indicate that beliefs about the moral outcomes of a research project, in terms of the four principles approach, are strongly related to, and may be significant determinants of, attitudes to the research project. This suggests that, for employees of a biotechnology organization, ethical reasoning could be a central mechanism for the evaluation of the acceptability of a project. We propose that the Ethical Valence Matrix may be used as a tool to measure ethical attitudes towards controversial issues, providing a metric for comparison of perceived ethical consequences for multiple stakeholder groups and for the evaluation and comparison of the ethical consequences of competing alternative issues or projects. The tool could be used to measure both public and special interest groups’ ethical attitudes and results used for the development of socially responsible policy or by science organizations as a democratizing decision aid to selection amongst projects competing for scarce research funds.     

冷原子荧光法测定水中痕量汞的改进

对冷原子荧光法测定地表水及工业废水中汞的分析处理方法提出改进措施，改进的方法准，快，简，省，符合监测规范要求。     

改善矿山局部通风质量的探讨

分析了矿山局部通风存在的问题,提出了符合实际的技术改造措施，实践证明效果较好。     

江苏省里下河腹部地区防洪效益计算

通过建立特定工程条件下洪涝淹没面积与水文特性之间的相关关系，并合理确定单位面积资产值和洪灾综合财产损失率，提出了防洪效益计算的一种简易可行的方法，并在里下河腹部地区进行了实际应用。     

A METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING DEVELOPMENT-ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS ON WILD AND SCENIC RIVERS1

ABSTRACT: A methodology is developed for examining the environmental and developmental conflicts inherent in the classification process of a wild river. The Salmon River in Idaho is used as an example of the methodology. The steps were: 1. a resource inventory, 2. an evaluation methodology, and 3. an economic comparison of resource use tradeoffs. Alternatives for the Salmon were examined, following generally the procedures outlined in the United States Water Resources Council's Establishment of Principles and Standards for Planning Water and Related Land Resources Final comparisons showed that hydroelectric development had greater net benefits than outdoor recreation at up to a three percent recreation growth rate. When recreation use grew at a faster rate, recreation had a considerable margin of net benefits in its favor.     

生猪养殖适度规模:产出、效益与环境——基于全国8省份1484个养殖户数据的实证

近年来，我国生猪养殖市场产生了剧烈波动，也催生了对生猪养殖适度规模问题的思考。本文基于8省份1484份生猪养殖户的调查数据，采用Translog生产函数和C-D生产函数，从产出、效益和环境三个维度对生猪养殖规模效应进行实证研究。研究表明：生猪养殖规模与环境污染之间存在倒“U”形关系；综合考虑产出、效益和环境三个方面，适度规模应为年出栏1000~1999头；养殖经验对生猪养殖的产出和效益影响显著，环保认知和参加培训状况对环境污染影响显著。基于此，积极引导养殖户合理科学扩大养殖规模、增强环境意识，提升生猪养殖从业人员长期经营的驱动力，对促进养殖行业绿色发展具有重要意义。