气相色谱质谱-内标法检测油漆中苯系物

以氯苯为内标物,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对油漆中苯系物的检测技术进行了研究,考察了主要苯系物的线性、回收率和精密度情况,开发出一种同时检测油漆中六种苯系物的高灵敏度方法。对样品的色谱分离条件、提取溶剂、定量方法及内标物选择等进行了优化,实现了一次进样同时定性定量检测油漆中6种苯系物。六种苯系物在1.0~500.0μg/mL范围内线性良好,各种苯系物的标准工作曲线线性相关系数0.995 4~0.999 8;在100.0~500.0μg/mL浓度范围内,加标回收率在85.01%~107.44%之间,精密度在2.58%~12.43%之间;5种苯系物组分中苯、甲苯、乙苯、间(对)二甲苯、邻二甲苯的最小检测浓度(按三倍信噪比)分别为0.01、0.002、0.05、0.05、0.05μg/mL。该方法灵敏度较高,所得数据准确,是一种检测油漆等化工品中苯及同系物含量的有效方法。     

Catalytic oxidation of benzene over nanostructured porous Co3O4-CeO2 composite catalysts

The three-dimensional structured Co₃O₄-CeO₂ oxides with Co/Ce molar ratio 16:1 gave the highest catalytic activity, which provided more surface hydroxyl groups and more surface oxygenated species.     

Effect of an eco-friendly o/w emulsion stabilized with amphiphilic sodium alginate derivatives on lambda-cyhalothrin adsorption–desorption on natural soil minerals

The effects of amphiphilic O/W emulsions,stabilized by the alkyl polyglycoside(APG)or cholesterol-grafted sodium alginate(CSAD)/APG systems,on lambda-cyhalothrin adsorption/desorption mechanisms on natural soil minerals(i.e.,illite and kaolinite)were investigated.Sorption and desorption of lambda-cyhalothrin onto soil minerals was studied via batch equilibration to give insight into the adsorption equilibrium,kinetics,and thermodynamics of lambda-cyhalothrin adsorption onto minerals.The results indicate the following:(i)The adsorption processes for the APG system and CSAD/APG system include:rapid adsorption,slow adsorption,and adsorption equilibrium.The adsorption kinetics of pesticide on illite and kaolinite are in accordance with the Ho and McKay model,and the adsorption isotherm conforms to the Freundlich model.In addition,the adsorption processes of pesticide for the two systems on minerals were spontaneous and feasible(ΔG~00),endothermic(ΔH~00),and mainly involved chemical bonding(ΔH~060).(ii)The equilibrium adsorption percentages of the pesticide on illite for the APG system and CSAD/APG system were 42.4%and 64.8%,and the corresponding equilibrium adsorption percentages on kaolinite were 40.8%and 61.8%,respectively.Moreover,the pesticide adsorption rate K_(2-CSAD/APG)was faster than K_(2-APG),and its adsorption capacity K_(f-CSAD/APG )was greater than K_(f-APG).Meanwhile,the pesticide desorption K_(fd)in the CSAD/APG system was smaller than that in the APG system.As a result,this eco-friendly O/W emulsion based on amphiphilic sodium alginate derivatives might provide a green pesticide formulation,since it could reduce the amount of lambda-cyhalothrin entering aquatic systems to threaten non-target fish and invertebrate species.     

空气中BTEX检测方法研究进展

BTEX（苯系物）作为空气中的一种痕量组分,主要包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、间-二甲苯、对-二甲苯、邻二甲苯,这些物质可影响人体健康和环境空气质量.分析和探讨了环境空气中BTEX常用的采样、前处理和检测方法,并列举了各方法的国内外应用实例.BTEX采样方法主要包括以下2种:①吸附管采样法,其采样器体积小、便于携带,但易造成穿透现象,样品易损失.②空气采样法,其操作简单、重复使用率高,但清洗复杂、价格较高.BTEX前处理方法主要包括以下3种:①固相微萃取法,其可减少样品与空气接触的机会,自动化程度较高,但难以实现样品的多次分析.②溶剂解析法,因其对环境影响较大,所以应用较少.③热脱附法,其常采用二级热脱附实现样品富集和浓缩,操作过程简单,设备体积相对较大,其升温和降温系统是影响前处理速度和效果的关键.BTEX检测方法主要包括:①质子转移反应质谱法,其灵敏度高,但因其价格昂贵应用较少.②气相色谱-光离子化检测法,其设备体积小巧常用于外场监测中.③差分吸收光谱法、直接空气进样质谱法、低压化学电离质谱法、大气压化学电离质谱法、固相微萃取-气相色谱法、吸附/热脱附-气相色谱-火焰离子检测法/质谱检测法等.研究显示,空气中BTEX的分析方法应根据实际应用条件来确定,在保证分析仪器灵敏度和精确度的基础上,开发外场检测的便携式自动在线分析仪器,提高仪器便携性、自动化、智能化,更好地满足各项标准和部门管理的需求.      

Synthesis of some novel (2-oxo-3-(arylimino) indolin-1-yl)-N-aryl acetamides and evaluation as antimicrobial agents

A series of sixteen 2-oxo-3-(arylimino) indolin-1-yl)-N-aryl acetamide derivatives were synthesized, characterized by physical and spectral data (IR, ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry), and evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against various pathogenic microorganisms. Some of the synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial and antifungal activities, the best being 2-(3-(4-chlorophenylimino)-2-oxoindolin-1-yl)-N-(3-methoxyphenyl) acetamide.     

硫酸铵细粒子对苯二次有机气溶胶光学特性的影响

苯系物光氧化产生的二次有机气溶胶（SOA）能够散射、吸收大气辐射,扰动区域气候变化.硫酸铵（（NH₄）₂SO₄）是大气中常见的无机细粒子,其大的比表面积可作为半挥发性化合物凝结和反应中心,进而影响SOA的化学组分和光学特性.本文采用烟雾箱研究（NH₄）₂SO₄细粒子对苯SOA在200~600 nm范围内的平均质量吸收系数（mass absorption coefficient,MAC）的影响情况.实验结果表明,低浓度（小于100 μg·m^-3）（NH₄）₂SO₄细粒子仅作为凝结核心,不会影响苯SOA的光学性质.高浓度（大于100 μg·m^-3）（NH₄）₂SO₄细粒子对咪唑类吸光产物的形成有促进作用.苯SOA的MAC值随着（NH₄）₂SO₄细粒子浓度的增加而逐渐增大,却随着细粒子酸度的增大而逐渐减小.水分子的增加会产生更多的NH₄⁺,从而有利于咪唑类化合物的产生,苯SOA的MAC值则随着相对湿度的增加而逐渐增大.而当相对湿度高于70%时,乙二醛水合反应增强,四醇产物脱水、聚合形成的高分子量产物增多,从而导致MAC值减小.这为研究高浓度（NH₄）₂SO₄细粒子背景下,人为源SOA的光学特性提供了实验依据.     

室内灰尘中多环芳烃及其衍生物的赋存与人体暴露研究进展

多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)作为典型的持久性有机污染物(persistent organic pollutants,POPs)中的重要类别,具有半挥发性、生物蓄积性、长期残留性和明显的毒性(包括致癌、致畸、致突变)等特点,因此是环境中的一类重要污染物.PAHs衍...     

中国环境空气苯系物类挥发性有机物监测能力现状分析

为了解和评价中国环境空气挥发性有机物(VOCs)的监测能力和技术水平,以量化的手段评估环境空气VOCs监测数据质量,促进实验室质量管理水平提升,笔者以环境空气VOCs中的苯系物为代表,组织31个省、自治区、直辖市216家各级各类生态环境检验检测机构开展了实验室比对,利用稳健统计技术分析评价实验结果.结果表明:环境空气苯...     

西安市住宅室内空气污染物实测分析与叠加效应

为了解居民住宅室内空气污染现状和保障公众健康,于2017年12月～2020年12月对西安市住宅小区830户居民住宅室内污染物[甲醛、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、总挥发性有机物(TVOC)、乙酸正丁酯、乙苯、苯乙烯和十一烷]浓度进行了实测分析和健康效应评估,并对污染物的叠加作用进行了分析.结果表明,室内甲醛、苯、甲苯、TVOC和二...