阳新县矿产资源现状优势评价及资源承载力分析

矿产是国民经济建设的重要物质基础,是支持和保证工业生产部门发展的物质条件。合理开发利用矿产资源是实现经济可持续发展的重要内容。阳新县是湖北省的矿业大县,矿产资源十分丰富,但随着开发程度的不断加强,资源危机日趋严重。为了充分了解新阳新县的矿产资源形势,制定科学合理的开发利用规划,我们采用层次分析法,对阳新县矿产资源的现状进行了定量评价,从３０余种矿产中筛分出８种优势矿产,其优势排序为铜,钨铅,锌,膨     

PRECISE WATER VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNIQUES1

ABSTRACT Necessary input parameters for studying mixing zone characteristics of thermal plumes are horizontal surface and subsurface water velocities. Using time lapse aerial photography and analytical photogrammetric techniques, movements of drogues in an effluent plume were traced. From these traces accurate velocity vectors were obtained. Photographic coordinates of drogue images were measured using a glass scale. From the photo coordinates and the results of a ground control survey, an analytical solution was made for positions of drogues in the water at known intervals of time. Drogue positions were mapped for selected exposures thereby providing a visual display of velocity vectors in the study area. A rigorous error analysis was performed to determine the validity of the computed results.     

Road traffic and nearby grassland bird patterns in a suburbanizing landscape

An extensive road system with rapidly increasing traffic produces diverse ecological effects that cover a large land area. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of roads with different traffic volumes on surrounding avian distributions, and its importance relative to other variables. Grassland bird data (5 years) for 84 open patches in an outer suburban/rural landscape near Boston were analyzed relative to: distance from roads with 3000–8000 to >30,000 vehicles/day; open-habitat patch size; area of quality microhabitat within a patch; adjacent land use; and distance to other open patches. Grassland bird presence and regular breeding correlated significantly with both distance from road and habitat patch size. Distance to nearest other open patch, irrespective of size, was not significant. Similarly, except for one species, adjacent land use, in this case built area, was not significant. A light traffic volume of 3000–8000 vehicles/day (local collector street here) had no significant effect on grassland bird distribution. For moderate traffic of 8000–15,000 (through street), there was no effect on bird presence although regular breeding was reduced for 400 m from a road. For heavier traffic of 15,000–30,000 (two-lane highway), both bird presence and breeding were decreased for 700 m. For a heavy traffic volume of ≥30,000 vehicles/day (multilane highway), bird presence and breeding were reduced for 1200 m from a road. The results suggest that avian studies and long-term surveys near busy roads may be strongly affected by traffic volume or changes in volume. We conclude that road ecology, especially the effects extending outward >100 m from roads with traffic, is a sine qua non for effective land-use and transportation policy.     

资源型矿区可持续发展系统的协调性分析

资源型矿区可持续发展问题已成为人们关注的焦点.矿产资源需求的增加,开采力度的加强,资源不可避免的减少,而与矿产资源紧密相连的矿区,其生存和发展也随之面临着严峻挑战.从资源型矿区的现状出发,分析了我国矿区目前面临的问题,并从这些问题着手,提出了协调性的观点.基于协调性的观点,采用矿区可持续发展系统整体协调发展指数对资源型矿区可持续发展整体协调性进行了评价,认为资源型矿区的持续发展必须依靠其自身内部子系统的协调.     

永春牛姆林生态旅游的SWOT分析及其规划

永春牛姆林因良好的自然生态环境被誉为“闽南西双版纳”，其发展生态旅游的优势与劣势、机遇与挑战并存，应努力发挥优势，消除劣势，把握机遇，迎接挑战，并在此基础上构建“大牛姆林”旅游格局和“闽南金三角”大旅游格局，体现“大旅游、大市场、大产业”的旅游新理念。     

Riparian ecotone: A functional definition and delineation for resource assessment

We propose a geomorphic basis for defining riparian areas using the term: riparian ecotone, discuss how past definitions fall short, and illustrate how a linked sequence of definition, delineation, and riparian sampling are used to accurately assess riparian resources on the ground. Our riparian ecotone is based on the width of the valley (its floodprone area width) plus 30 meters on each side to encompass the important adjacent riparian functions, and 15 meters around obvious landslides. A functionally consistent riparian definition and delineation does not derive from land adjacent to a stream, rather it derives from the valley the stream runs through.     

THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A GIS-BASED CONTAMINANT SOURCE INVENTORY OVER THE SPOKANE AQUIFER,SPOKANE COUNTY WASHINGTON1

ABSTRACT: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) statutes require identification of all potential sources of contamination within a wellhead protection area. All wells over Spokane County's aquifer are included in one wellhead protection zone called the Aquifer Sensitive Area (ASA). A GIS-based Contaminant Source Inventory (CSI) was developed for the ASA. Datasets listing businesses and agencies within the ASA were imported into the GIS from state, county, city, and local agencies. These datasets were selected, joined, and sorted using GIS relational database capabilities into one ASA “business master file.” Map files were projected and transformed into common coordinates. Next, business sites within the master file were spatially related by address to the digital map files. Likely Critical Materials Users (CMU) were identified by sorting on selected standard Industrial Codes (SIC). Additional files of CMUs were imported into the Contaminant Source Inventory. GIS queries were performed to locate specific materials, quantities, and storage facilities, and to analyze CMU activity within selected buffer zones. This project demonstrated the usefulness of GIS technology in the development, management, maintenance, and analysis of vast quantities of data associated with a local wellhead protection pro. gram.     

利用修改的震级—频度关系研究扬—铜地震带的未来地震

本文对修改的震级-频度关系进行了全面的统计检验。结果表明,修改的震级-频度关系从整体上讲拟合精度是令人满意的,可用于预测。本文根据扬—铜带修改的震级-频度关系,以及极值方法的结果,预测扬—铜带未来可能发生一次6.5—6.8级地震。     

中国东部应力场与板块运动

随着空间观测技术发展,板块运动有可能从定性进入定量化研究.本文运用空间观测技术和大地测量采集的数据,探讨板块运动方向、速度对中国东部应力场构成的作用和影响.着重研究了该地区有代表性构造——郯庐深大断裂带的应力分布状态.结果表明,华北地块是受太平洋板块向北西西和欧亚板块向北东挤压,形成了最大水平压应力方向为北东东;华南地块最大水平压应力方向为北西西,它是由菲律宾板块向北西挤压和印度板块向北东推移影响引起的。同时,据初步研究认为,原区域应力场与震源应力场展布存在着较为明显的差异,故对预测地震,加强应力场演变过程研究是一项有意义和重要的工作.     

MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY IN CIUDAD JUAREZ,MEXICO1

Rapid industrialization and population growth in the north Mexican desert city of Ciudad Juarez are placing a serious strain on the city's municipal water resources. Water deliveries and service area have more than doubled over the past decade, and plans for additional expansion are presently being implemented. This expansion is already contributing to water table declines and salinity increases in the Mexican portion of the Heuco Bolson, the sole source of water for the city. Continued mining of the limited fresh water reserves should produce serious water supply problems in the near future. New estimates of future water consumption incorporated into a digital aquifer simulation model indicate that these problems may show up much sooner than was anticipated in previous investigations. The results of this study point to the need to accelerate the gathering of basic data on alternative water resources. The problems faced by Cd. Juarez are illustrative of the kinds of difficulties likely to confront other rapidly developing cities of the arid zone.