液化烃罐区设备可靠性研究

针对液化烃罐区缺少有效事故数据的现状,采用了基于模糊分析的可靠性方法来研 究罐区设备整体可靠性,通过划分功能模块使用模糊数描述各模块可靠性,然后求出设备整 体可靠性.对于单一设备,通过监测其系统的状态参数,采用一种利用设备状态信息进行可 靠性分析的方法,通过系统参数漂移量的统计分析,推导出基于参数漂移量的可靠度分析模型...     

极端温度条件典型引信电参数变化规律和失效机理

目的 研究某电子时间引信在?60~140 ℃下电参数的变化规律和失效机理。方法 利用高低温试验机开展步进应力强化试验,增加和细化引信检测参数,在被试引信工作状态下全程记录电参数的变化,开展失效机理分析。结果 得到了引信基准频率、电能损耗率等电参数的温度特性规律和参数变化范围,发现了?60 ℃低温掉电、130 ℃高温短路等故障模式和机理,并提出改进建议。结论 验证了极端温度应力叠加电应力的强化试验方法,获得了引信电性能参数变化规律,发现了极端温度条件下新的失效模式和失效机理。     

Measurement and relationship between critical tube diameter and critical energy for direct blast initiation of gaseous detonations

For the explosion safety assessment in industrial setting, detonation dynamic parameters provide important information on the sensitivity and conditions whereby detonations can be favorably occurred. In this study, new measurement of the critical tube diameter and the critical energy for direct initiation of a detonation is reported for a number of hydrocarbon–oxygen mixtures. The simultaneous experimental measurement carried out in this work allows the investigation of the direct scaling between these two dynamic parameter quantities of gaseous detonations. Using the new set of data, this paper also assesses the validity of an existing semi-empirical initiation model, namely, the surface energy model by Lee, and a simplified work done model. Both phenomenological models provide a general relationship between the two dynamic detonation parameters and comparison shows a good agreement between the theoretical results and the experimental measurement. The scaling of critical tube diameter with detonation cell size in this study also confirms the results in the previous literature.     

超高层建筑人员电梯辅助疏散及其影响参数研究

针对传统疏散方式很难在短时间内有效地将人员疏散至室外安全区的难题,研究分析了超高层建筑中人员疏散策略以及电梯作为辅助人员疏散方式的可行性。首先,对人员疏散速度进行了研究,对电梯运行特性进行了分析;然后,利用数值模拟的方法,对影响电梯辅助疏散的参数进行研究,以对超高层建筑人员疏散以及疏散电梯的设计提供理论参考。结果表明,电梯与疏散楼梯相结合的疏散方式能够快速地完成高层建筑内部人员疏散。该组合疏散方式中决定总疏散时间的主要因素是疏散人数、电梯运行速度、电梯容纳人数、电梯疏散人员比例。当电梯疏散人数占总体疏散人数的40％时,疏散总时间最短。     

电器产品测试用供水系统的研制

本文介绍的是一种能为与水源连接的电器产品安全及性能测试提供高精度多参数供水系统的研制思路。本系统由PLC(可编程逻辑控制器)、模糊PID(管路及仪表布置图)调节仪、变频器、电动阀、计量泵等组成,实现了供水温度、压力、流量、电阻率、pH值、硬度等多参数的全自动控制。经实际测试,该供水系统各项参数均能达到标准规定的供水要求。     

Crystallisation kinetics of mullite glass-ceramics obtained from alumina–silica wastes

Mullite-based glass-ceramics were produced from aluminium hydroxide sludge resulting from the anodisation process and waste glasses. Phase development for crystallisation of amorphous mullite was investigated between 900°C and 1200°C. The kinetic parameters such as activation energy of crystallisation and Avrami exponent for the samples were evaluated from differential thermal analysis curves using various heating rates (5–30°C) and particle size ranges ( < 45, 80–125 and 355–400 μm). The growth morphology parameters ‘n’ and ‘m’ are in the range of 2.5–5.4 and 1.5–4.4, respectively, indicating that bulk nucleation is dominant in mullite crystallisation followed by two- to three-dimensional growth of mullite crystals controlled by diffusion from a varying number of nuclei.     

毕机沟露天矿岩体力学参数折减系数的数值模拟确定

岩体力学参数是边坡设计、边坡稳定性研究的基本条件,力学参数选取正确与否直接影响模拟结果的准确性。现场试验获取岩体力学参数既昂贵又费时,一般借助室内岩石力学试验并进行参数折减得到岩体力学参数,但各方法折减系数差异较大。依据毕机沟露天矿边坡开挖现状,结合工勘的岩石质量指标RQD,在室内岩石物理力学性质试验的基础上,应用拉格朗日有限差分法(FLAC-3D),分别研究单一参数变化及正交变化的边坡稳定性。正交试验中以边坡水平位移为评价指标,选择围岩体3个基本力学参数弹性模量E、内摩擦角Φ、黏聚力C为试验因素,计算模拟各参数不同水平组合下的位移分布,通过极差分析和方差分析,得出各参数对水平位移的影响显著性。结合边坡的应力分布,从而综合确定该矿山的岩体力学参数折减系数。     

Dynamic modeling and bifurcation analysis for the methyl isocyanate hydrolysis reaction

The aim of this work was to characterize the methyl isocyanate hydrolysis reaction and to identify its operational criteria. The parametric sensitivity and dynamic stability methodologies were performed at the Bhopal disaster circumstances, over the relevant operating parameter space. Stable and unstable conditions, bifurcations points, turning points and oscillatory behavior were determined. The combined methodology give useful guidance on the operative conditions selection and the appropriate strategy to overcome hazardous situations. The obtained results demonstrated high sensitivity to small perturbations (thermal runaway) and prevalent oscillatory behavior. Moreover, the following critical parameters for the studied dynamic system were defined: the inverse residence time of 1.5700103 and the heat transfer coefficient of 752.394.     

基于性能参数退化的某弹用O型橡胶密封圈贮存寿命评估

目的研究某弹用O型橡胶密封圈的性能参数退化规律,并准确预测其贮存寿命。方法设计4个不同温度下的恒定应力加速退化试验,记录每个温度下不同时间点的性能退化数据,根据退化参数利用高分子材料性能变化与退化时间关系式及阿伦尼乌斯(Arrhenius)方程,建立O型橡胶密封圈压缩永久变形率与贮存时间的老化动力学方程。结果对照当地各个季节的平均温度值,建立了寿命评估模型,并由此预测了该型密封圈在自然环境贮存条件下的失效寿命在8年左右。结论该寿命评估值比较接近实际测量值,精度良好,可为O型橡胶密封圈在自然贮存条件下的寿命评估提供有价值的参考依据。     

Biogeochemical cyclic activity of bacterial arsB in arsenic-contaminated mines

Biogeochemical cyclic activity of the ars (arsenic resistance system) operon is arsB influx/effux encoded by the ecological of Pseudomonas putida.This suggests that studying arsenite-oxidizing bacteria may lead to a better understanding of molecular geomicrobiology,which can be applied to the bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated mines.This is the first report in which multiple arsB-binding mechanisms have been used on indigenous bacteria.In ArsB (strains OS-5; ABB83931; OS-19; ABB04282 and RW-28; ABB88574...