深孔预裂爆破弱化煤层夹矸技术的应用

山东华恒矿业集团矿井以薄煤层为主,且煤层内含坚硬的硫化铁结核,使得现代化机械设备和新工艺无法正常工作.通过采用超前深孔预裂爆破的技术,对该集团41305东工作面的夹矸层进行弱化,介绍了爆破的操作流程、装药工艺以及爆破的基本参数,采用在长壁工作面内打钻爆破的方法,达到最大程度的粉碎夹矸,从而确保采煤机的顺利工作,提高采煤效率.     

电动汽车用电机及其控制器振动试验方法的探讨

振动试验是汽车产品设计验证和质量检验重要试验方法。本文主要从试验标准、试验条件、振动试验中主要参数的计算推导及应用、试验工装的设计、试验中应注意的问题等方面对电动汽车电机及其控制器的振动试验进行介绍。     

城市轨道交通地下段引起居民室内振动的频谱特性分析

为了解城市轨道交通引起建筑物室内振动的特征及变化规律,对轨道交通沿线建筑物一层室内环境进行振动测量,将监测数据进行频谱分析并与国内标准比较。结果表明:采用《城市区域环境振动标准》(GB 10070—1988)中的限值评价室内振动,即使最大Z振级测量结果达标,居民的主观烦恼度依然较高;室内振动的1/3倍频程模式下,频谱主峰对应频率并不固定,一般为40、50、63、80 Hz;车辆运行高峰段和平峰段对居民室内振动频谱的谱型没有改变,载重大和车次密的高峰段不会带来振级总量和各分频量值的显著增加;近轨和远轨产生室内振动,其特征频谱谱型相同,量值上近轨大,远轨小;采用振级增量能够更准确地描述城市轨道交通对居民室内的振动影响。国内标准比较发现:各标准振动频谱考察范围不一致,测量指标和测量方法多样,评价结果也不一致,因此亟须修订相关标准,统一评价量,以满足城市轨道交通规划防治需求。     

橡胶隔振器寿命预测及加速试验研究进展

介绍了橡胶材料的疲劳失效形式及影响橡胶材料抗疲劳性能的因素,总结了基于撕裂能和基于S-N曲线的橡胶材料疲劳寿命预测方法,阐明了橡胶隔振器加速试验研究的现状,展望了未来值得研究的方向。     

The honey bee shaking signal: function and design of a modulatory communication signal

This study explores the meaning and functional design of a modulatory communication signal, the honey bee shaking signal, by addressing five questions: (I) who shakes, (II) when do they shake, (III) where do they shake, (IV) how do receivers respond to shaking, and (V) what conditions trigger shaking. Several results confirm the work of Schneider (1987) and Schneider et al. (1986a): (I) most shakers were foragers (at least 83%); (II) shaking exhibited a consistent temporal pattern with bees producing the most signals in the morning (0810–1150 hours) just prior to a peak in waggle dancing activity; and (IV) bees moved faster (by 75%) after receiving a shaking signal. However, this study differs from previous work by providing a long-term, temporal, spatial, and vector analysis of individual shaker behavior. (III) Bees producing shaking signals walked and delivered signals in all areas of the hive, but produced the most shaking signals directly above the waggle dance floor. (IV) Bees responded to the signal by changing their direction of movement. Prior to receiving a signal, bees selected from the waggle dance floor moved, on average, towards the hive exit. After receiving a signal, some bees continued moving towards the exit but others moved directly away from the exit. During equivalent observation periods, non-shaken bees exhibited a strong tendency to move towards the hive exit. (V) Renewed foraging activity after food dearth triggered shaking signals, and, the level of shaking is positively correlated with the duration of food dearth. However, shaking signal levels also increased in the morning before foraging had begun and in the late afternoon after foraging had ceased. This spontaneous afternoon peak has not previously been reported. The shaking signal consequently appears to convey the general message “reallocate labor to different activities” with receiver context specifying a more precise meaning. In the context of foraging, the shaking signal appears to activate (and perhaps deactivate) colony foraging preparations. The generally weak response elicited by modulatory signals such as the shaking signal may result from a high receiver response threshold which allows the receiver to integrate multiple sources of information and which thereby increases the probability that receiver actions will be appropriate to colony needs. Received: 21 March 1997 / Accepted after revision: 30 August 1997     

群孔爆扩中的安全问题

探索提高深孔药壶爆破中群孔爆扩安全的技术途径，根据深孔药壳爆破中存在的主要安全隐患，结合技术分析和现场实践进行分析。从设计和施工两方面提出了群孔爆破扩最小爆扩安全间距的校核方法和施工技术措施。对减少壶腔坍塌，贯通及其他事故隐患，提高群孔药壳爆扩施工中的安全性具有重要意义。     

油锯手把的手传振动与主动防振动问题探讨

通过对油锯手把的手传振动状况分析发现，国产油锯产品质量仍有待加强，提出了油锯手把的主动防振动保护措施及建议。     

铁路交通对环境影响探讨

噪声、振动是环境污染的两个方面,铁路、公路、地铁、工业噪声与振动均会对环境及人们的正常生活和休息产生不利的影响。分析了铁路交通噪声与振动的污染及对人们产生的危害,针对噪声源、振动源的特点、传播途径和危害,提出控制措施．为减少噪声、振动对环境的污染提供科学保障．、     

弹药集装单元动力学试验研究

弹药集装单元是一种新型的弹药保障载具,没有具体的力学试验标准。通过研究弹药保障流程中的装卸与公路运输环境,分析可能出现的振动与冲击效应,参考相关弹药包装试验规程和试验方法,对弹药集装单元进行了相关动力学试验,进而评估弹药集装单元的力学性能,并证明弹药集装单元的设计可以满足弹药集装化保障的强度需求。     

复合隔振器隔振装置的性能研究

目的为提升隔振装置的隔振性能,研发具有优良隔振性能的隔振装置。方法在20~1600 Hz频段内,利用有限元分析软件对某新型复合隔振器隔振装置进行谐响应分析,并进行整体隔振试验,得出隔振装置在外激励下频域上的振动响应。结果对比分析有限元仿真结果与隔振试验数据,在20~80 Hz内,振级落差大于15 dB,在200~1600 Hz上,振级落差也在24 dB以上,在200~1000 Hz上加速度振级落差仿真和实验的RMS值分别为36.6 dB和38.9 dB,结论该复合式隔振器隔振装置具有优良的隔振性能。