Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 9 mosaicism possibly limited to fetal membranes

In repeat amniotic fluid cultures mosaicism due to trisomy 9 was noted. Autopsy of the aborted female fetus showed a sinus urogenitalis and gonadal dysgenesis with absence of germ cells only. Fetal lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts had a normal karyotype but trisomy 9 was found in cells grown from placenta. It is likely that trisomic cells were limited to fetal membranes.     

Alpha-fetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase in twins discordant for neural tube defect

Twins concordant for elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and discordant for neural tube defect (NTD) and sex are reported. A literature review reveals instances of termination of twin pregnancies with one normal and one abnormal fetus, partly based on concordant high AFP and positive AChE (although discordant on ultrasound examination). The levels of AFP and AChE in twin pregnancies are probably a function of the number of layers of fetal membranes separating twin sacs: dichorionic, diamniotic membranes allow transfer of AFP; monochorionic, diamniotic membranes allow transfer of both AFP and AChE. Cautious interpretation of biochemical findings and reliance on high resolution ultrasonography are suggested.     

用平板双分子层脂膜模拟研究锌离子跨细胞膜的传递过程

制备了氧化胆固醇-卵磷脂（脑磷脂）平板双分子层脂膜，研究了膜配方对双分子层脂膜的稳定性和离子传递性能的影响，得到了最佳制膜工艺，并建立了锌离子跨卵（脑）磷脂膜的吸附-扩散模型，其计算值与实验值基本吻合．     

TMV或宁南霉素处理对烟草叶片及类囊体膜蛋白组成的影响

对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)侵染、宁南霉素钝化处理的烟草叶片进行了叶片全蛋白多肽组分、类囊体膜蛋白组成的分析.结果表明,TMV侵染或钝化实验的烟草叶片中均出现TMV衣壳蛋白;但是与对照相比,TMV侵染叶片中Rubisco大亚基减少、小亚基增加,类囊体膜蛋白中PsaA、PsaB和Mr=33×103蛋白含量减少.表明TMV侵染要同时影响叶片细胞核基因组和叶绿体基因组的基因表达,从而影响光合作用碳代谢和类囊体膜光系统Ⅰ和Ⅱ.宁南霉素对TMV病毒短时间内具有钝化作用,而较长时间的作用效果不同,10 min钝化样品的蛋白组分保持较为完整,而30 min钝化样品的多肽缺失较为严重.图5表1参11     

无机分离膜与环境保护

本文综述了无机分离膜的制备方法及其在环境保护领域中的应用现状，并对无机分离膜在工业废水和工业废气治理中的应用前景进行了展望。     

氨水混合吸收剂脱除CO2实验研究

氨水作为一种很有应用前景的CO2化学吸收剂,存在吸收速率慢的问题.使用湿壁塔实验台,考察了不同种类的添加剂(MEA、PZ、1-MPZ、2-MPZ)对氨水吸收CO2速率的影响.结果表明,4种添加剂均能明显提高氨水吸收CO2的速率,其中PZ具有最好的促进效果.0、0.1、0.3和0.5 mol·mol-1负荷下,3 mol·L-1NH3+0.3 mol·L-1PZ溶液的总传质系数(KG)分别是3 mol·L-1NH3溶液在相应负荷下的3、3.2、3.2和2.9倍.改变反应温度、添加剂量、PZ浓度等条件对基于NH3/PZ混合吸收剂吸收CO2的反应过程进行实验,得到了其在不同条件下的KG,初步探讨CO2吸收的反应机制,并计算出准一级反应速率常数为42.7 m3·(mol·s)-1.     

Gas separation using porous cement membrane

Gas separation is a key issue in various industrial fields. Hydrogen has the potential for application in clean fuel technologies. Therefore, the separation and purification of hydrogen is an important research subject. CO2 capture and storage have important roles in ＂green chemistry＂. As an effective clean technology, gas separation using inorganic membranes has attracted much attention in the last several decades. Membrane processes have many applications in the field of gas separation. Cement is one type of inorganic material, with the advantages of a lower cost and a longer lifespan. An experimental setup has been created and improved to measure twenty different cement membranes. The purpose of this work was to investigate the influence of gas molecule properties on the material transport and to explore the influence of operating conditions and membrane composition on separation efficiency. The influences of the above parameters are determined, the best conditions and membrane type are found, it is shown that cementitious material has the ability to separate gas mixtures, and the gas transport mechanism is studied.     

纳滤膜对脂肪族及杂环有机物的截留特性

分别选用NF90、NF270和NF-型号的纳滤膜测定了20种脂肪族及杂环有机物的截留率®,并分析了纳滤膜截留效果的影响因素.结果表明,脂肪族及杂环有机物的R受到分子结构和膜特性的影响:对于同分异构体,分枝结构越多,R越高;环状有机物与分子量相近的直链有机物相比,R明显偏高;孔径越小的纳滤膜R越高.利用遗传算法(GA)结合偏最小二乘回归(PLS)和人工神经网络法(ANN)建立了脂肪族及杂环物质的R与其结构的定量关系模型,2种方法建立的模型相关系数可分别达到0.8809和0.9944,通过2种模型进一步分析了R的影响规律,并对几种物质的R进行了有效的预测.从预测结果来看,GA-ANN模型的预测精度要好于GA-PLS模型.     

高浓度4-氯酚在中空纤维聚砜膜固定化细菌反应器中的共代谢降解研究

悬浮生长的Pseudomonas putida菌可以苯酚为生长基质,通过该细菌的共代谢过程将4-氯酚降解.当苯酚和4-氯酚的浓度达到120 mg/L和600 mg/L时,由于基质对细菌的抑制作用,该共代谢过程难以进行,细菌不能生长.通过对细菌在中空纤维膜反应器中固定化,细菌可以降解高浓度的四氯苯酚,即使当苯酚和4-氯酚浓度为200 mg/L和1 000 mg/L时,利用此中空纤维膜固定化细菌反应器仍可在34 h内都能将其完全降解.与悬浮生长降解菌不同,由于基质在中空纤维膜中质量传递的受限,固定化后的细菌受到中空纤维膜的保护,从而得以生长并降解高浓度的基质.