成品油管道站场安全仪表功能分析及改进措施

针对成品油管道输油站场安全仪表系统配置及逻辑设计的合理性进行了分析。选取输油管道站间远控阀室执行机构误动作这一常见事故,对安全仪表系统进行功能分析,优化安全仪表系统控制逻辑,对相关设备进行失效验证,找出可靠性低的设备,并对可靠性低的设备提出具体增加可靠性的措施,提高了安全仪表系统功能的有效性。     

聚醋酸乙烯储罐氮封系统失效原因分析与对策

聚乙烯醇是一种用途相当广泛的水溶性高分子聚合物,某企业采用醋酸乙烯溶液聚合生产聚醋酸乙烯溶液,聚醋酸乙烯溶液再经过醇解反应生产聚乙烯醇。在聚乙烯醇装置醇解罐区共有12个储罐用于储存聚醋酸乙烯,分析储罐氮封系统现状,存在尾气管道积液不畅、呼吸阀频繁开启、供氮阀不按设定值开闭等问题,从本质安全的角度,提出了解决措施,确保储罐安全运行。     

论行业协会的产业安全阀功能

经济全球化背景下，产业安全问题成为影响中国产业竞争力的重要因素．行业协会对产业具有特殊的安全阀功能．发展中国行业协会，关键取决于政府对其的推动和扶持．     

基于DED模型的挥发性有机物健康风险评价

为评估DED（Dual Equilibrium Desorption,双元平衡解吸）模型用于预测实际场地VOCs呼吸暴露健康风险的适用性,以邯郸某化工搬迁场地中危化品存储车间场地为案例,采用DED模型分别计算了二氯甲烷和苯在埋深1.5m（浅层）和3.5m（深层）处的呼吸暴露健康风险,并与基于相应深度实测土壤气中污染物浓度及采用传统J & E（Johnson and Ettinger）模型预测的呼吸暴露健康风险进行了比较验证.结果表明:①采用DED模型预测的二氯甲烷健康风险均未超过10-6,在某些点位及深度（2号点浅层、6号点浅层及深层、5号点深层）苯的健康风险超过了10-6. ②基于实测土壤气中污染物浓度计算的健康风险显示,二氯甲烷健康风险均未超过10-6,在某些点位及深度（4号和6号点浅层和深层及2号点深层）苯的健康风险超过了10-6. ③采用J & E模型预测的二氯甲烷和苯的健康风险均超过10-6. ④对比发现,对于二氯甲烷DED模型预测的风险结果与基于土壤气实测污染物浓度预测的结果总体无明显差异,但苯在部分点位前者预测结果低于后者.研究显示,DED模型基本上能适用于预测实际场地VOCs呼吸暴露健康风险,但在某些点位可能会低估实际风险,建议具体使用过程中进一步采集场地数据进行验证,而J & E模型的预测结果均过于保守;同时,对DED模型各参数进行敏感性分析发现,土壤中土壤气体积含量、污染物浓度和有机碳含量对风险结果影响相对明显,土壤容重则几乎没有影响.      

粉尘捕集效率与定风量阀应用研究

分析了造成除尘系统风量阻力不平衡的因素,提出在除尘支管上装设定风量阀来稳定各吸尘点风量,通过实验证明,在除尘管网支管上装设定风量调节阀,可以有效的消除系统阻力不平衡和管网压力波动造成的吸尘点风量偏差问题。     

Study of mechanical aspects of leak tightness in a pressure relief valve using advanced FE-analysis

This paper presents a numerical study involving the deformation of contact faces in the metal-to-metal seal in a typical pressure relief valve. The valve geometry is simplified to an axisymmetric problem, which comprises a simple geometry consisting of only 3 components. A cylindrical nozzle, which has a valve seat on top, contacts with a disk, which is preloaded by a compressed linear spring. All the components are made of AISI type 316N(L) steel defined using the multilinear kinematic hardening model based on monotonic and cyclic tests at 20° C. In-service observations show that there is a limited fluid leakage through the valve seat at operational pressures about 90% of the set pressure, which is caused by the fluid penetrating into surface asperities at the microscale. Nonlinear FEA in ANSYS using the fluid pressure penetration (FPP) technique revealed that there is a limited amount of fluid penetrating into gap, which is caused by the plastic deformation of the valve seat at the macroscale. Prediction of the fluid pressure distribution over the valve seat just before the valve lift is addressed in this study considering the FPP interaction on multiscale. This is the principal scope, since it allows adjustment of the valve spring force in order to improve the leak tightness.     

安全阀失效模糊综合评价方法的研究

针对安全阀在实际使用过程中的失效涉及诸多因素影响的特点,运用模糊综合评价的数学模型,将安全阀失效的相关影响因素作为因素集,把可能产生故障的元件作为评价集,按照权重的大小对安全阀的故障进行综合评价,以提高维修人员对安全阀故障的判断能力和综合检修能力,达到设备稳定运行的目的。     

耐磨节流风量调节阀的研制

利用多孔射流扩散及射流叠加原理，采用双层叠板结构，研制出一种耐磨节流风量调节阀。可以取代目前除尘管网中广泛采用的节流管及风量调节阀来平衡管网阻力，具有较好的耐磨性能，使用寿命长，安装位置不受限制，调节十分方便。     

Mine rescuers’ heat load during the expenditure of physical effort in a hot environment,using ventilated underwear and selected breathing apparatus

Mine rescuers’ heat load under the same physical effort load (25% of the maximal oxygen uptake), using three types of breathing apparatus, in newly developed heat-removing underwear and outerwear was assessed for typical work conditions of mine rescuers, under milder and harsher ambient conditions of 32 and 38?°C, respectively, both at relative humidity of 85% and air velocity of 1.0?m/s. Expending physical effort at the same load while using different kinds of breathing apparatus resulted in a similar heat load. Under both milder and harsher ambient conditions, heat storage and sweating intensity were greater than the average limit value recommended by hygienic standards, which indicates that the use of breathing apparatus significantly hinders heat exchange with the environment. The developed clothing for mine rescuers was highly rated, and was considered by most people to be better than that used currently.