全文获取类型
收费全文 | 200篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1篇 |
废物处理 | 1篇 |
环保管理 | 28篇 |
综合类 | 57篇 |
基础理论 | 114篇 |
污染及防治 | 8篇 |
评价与监测 | 4篇 |
社会与环境 | 4篇 |
灾害及防治 | 2篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 2篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 8篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 9篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 17篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 14篇 |
2004年 | 19篇 |
2003年 | 1篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有219条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
12.
Abstract: Mate choice by females can introduce difficulties to captive breeding programs because there may be a conflict between the conservation manager's choice of mate (based on random allocation or maximizing heterogeneity) and the females' own preferences, often resulting in incompatibility and aggression. Similar effects are caused by inappropriate social contexts at the time of pairing. We manipulated the social experience of male and female harvest mice ( Micromys minutus ) to investigate whether we could enhance compatibility between randomly allocated mates by altering female preferences. In one experiment, we used a choice test to identify female preferences between two males and then varied the competitive context of unpreferred males by transferring competitor's scent marks into their cages. The manipulation caused them to increase their investment in a form of olfactory signaling (scent marking), which female rodents use as an indicator of male quality when choosing mates. The manipulation increased their attractiveness relative to the initially preferred male when the choice test was repeated. In a second experiment, we tested the effect of females' familiarity with the odor of males by transfer of male scent marks to female cages. Females preferred familiar males in choice tests and were less aggressive toward them when pairs were introduced than females paired with unfamiliar males. This kind of approach can influence mate choice, and transferring scent marks between cages or collections is an effective and practical behavioral means of improving success in conservation breeding programs. 相似文献
13.
The date when a landbird migrant arrives on its breeding grounds may have reproductive consequences. Generally, early arriving individuals begin breeding earlier and consequently experience greater seasonal reproductive performance. Here, we describe relationships between arrival timing and seasonal reproductive performance in the American redstart (Setophaga ruticilla), a long-distance passerine migrant, arriving at northerly breeding grounds in Michigans eastern Upper Peninsula. Evidence suggests that both males and females benefited from early arrival at the breeding grounds. Early males appeared to settle on higher quality territories and hatched nestlings sooner than later arrivals. Early females began their clutches early, produced heavier nestlings and possibly laid more eggs than later arrivals. Larger clutches and heavier offspring increase the likelihood of offspring recruiting into the breeding population. The findings of this study point to fitness consequences arising from when a bird arrives at its breeding grounds. These results also have implications for understanding how events occurring during spring migration influence reproductive performance as migratory delays likely influence arrival timing.Communicated by: W. Wiltschko 相似文献
14.
农村畜禽养殖污染的综合防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
畜禽养殖污染已成为农村环境污染的突出问题。本文通过调查分析广安市辖区内畜禽养殖业的发展和污染现状,在实地研究广安市两个畜禽养殖示范工程的基础上,借鉴现有的畜禽养殖污染防治技术成果,提出了一套以"养殖—沼气—农灌"和"养殖—堆肥—沼气—农灌"两种模式为技术基础,结合政策和法律措施,系统防治畜禽养殖污染的方案,有助于指导农村畜禽养殖的科学、绿色发展。 相似文献
15.
经四年研究,本文提出了适宜丘陵地区的作物-猪-鱼复合生态系统模型。在该系统中,淡水鱼的养殖以半精养方式最佳。本文还讨论了半精养方式的混养结构、水质管理和饵料组合等配套技术。 相似文献
16.
2004年11月~2005年4月,进行了王锦蛇的冬眠期饲养试验.结果表明:在王锦蛇的冬眠期内,人工保持其环境温度为25~30℃,相对湿度为60%~85%,并提供其所需要的食物条件,就能够使王锦蛇在冬眠期内正常地生长发育,不仅能缩短其饲养时间,而且能提高其成活率,从而达到高效饲养王锦蛇的目的. 相似文献
17.
Is helping a beneficial learning experience for red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) helpers?
Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain the evolution and maintenance of helping behavior in cooperatively breeding
birds, one of which we investigated in the red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis). Helping may provide a learning experience that improves reproductive success once the helper becomes a breeder. We used
data collected from a population of red-cockaded woodpeckers in the Sandhills of North Carolina to compare the reproductive
success of 2-year-old breeders that were helpers at age 1 (helping experience) to those that were floaters or solitary males
at age 1 (no helping experience). Reproductive success of the two groups was similar, indicating that helping provides no
experience useful in reproduction. We reject the learning experience hypothesis as an explanation for the maintenance of helping
behavior in red-cockaded woodpeckers.
Received: 29 July 1996 / Accepted after revision: 27 April 1997 相似文献
18.
Plasma concentration of androgens and gonad development were studied in wild cooperatively breeding bell miners (Manorina melanophrys) of different age, sex and social status. Plasma levels of androgens increased with age of birds. For sexually mature (SM) bell miners, androgen levels were higher in breeders than in nonbreeding (NB) helpers (P < 0.005), and they were marginally higher in females than in males (P < 0.10). Thus female breeders showed the highest plasma levels of androgens. This pattern may be explained by an asymmetry between the sexes in the levels of competition needed to reach and defend breeding status; the degree of intra-sexual competition seems to be higher among female bell miners than among males. In general, male breeders had larger gonads than male SMNB helpers; male breeder gonads produced spermatozoa whereas most helpers' gonads did not. However, old (i.e. 34 months) SMNB male helpers had large gonads producing spermatozoa in spite of having low plasma levels of androgens. We suggest that young male bell miners may be under a voluntary mechanism of reproductive suppression perhaps favoured by inbreeding avoidance; although some aggressive interactions observed between very young helpers (about 2 months) and adult members of the breeding unit suggests that a certain degree of imposition also occurs at young ages. Older male helpers may avoid aggression with the male breeder and imposed reproductive suppression, hence the low circulating levels of androgens, but they have the potential to sneak extra-pair copulations. Gonad size decreased during the non-breeding season in both sexes. 相似文献
19.
Effects of Climate and Land-Use Change on Species Abundance in a Central European Bird Community 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
NICOLE LEMOINE† HANS-GÜNTHER BAUER‡§ MARKUS PEINTINGER KATRIN BÖHNING-GAESE†‡‡ 《Conservation biology》2007,21(2):495-503
Abstract: Although it is known that changes in land use and climate have an impact on ecological communities, it is unclear which of these factors is currently most important. We sought to determine the influence of land-use and climate alteration on changes in the abundance of Central European birds. We examined the impact of these factors by contrasting abundance changes of birds of different breeding habitat, latitudinal distribution, and migratory behavior. We examined data from the semiquantitative Breeding Bird Atlas of Lake Constance, which borders Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. Changes in the regional abundance of the 159 coexisting bird species from 1980–1981 to 2000–2002 were influenced by all three factors. Farmland birds, species with northerly ranges, and long-distance migrants declined, and wetland birds and species with southerly ranges increased in abundance. A separate analysis of the two decades between 1980–1981 and 1990–1992 and between 1990–1992 and 2000–2002 showed that the impact of climate change increased significantly over time. Latitudinal distribution was not significant in the first decade and became the most significant predictor of abundance changes in the second decade. Although the spatial scale and temporal resolution of our study is limited, this is the first study that suggests that climate change has overtaken land-use modification in determining population trends of Central European birds. 相似文献
20.