异形闭合件弯曲成形模的设计与制造

根据一种异形闭合件的产品要求 ,对其弯曲工艺作了具体分析 ,克服了技术难点 ,设计制造了一套简单实用的弯曲成形模 ,达到了产品质量要求 ,也为类似形状制件的弯曲成形模的设计提供了一种新方法     

全烧垃圾流化床炉飞灰制备免烧砖的性能研究

开展了水泥固化全烧垃圾循环流化床焚烧炉飞灰特性及其制备免烧砖的研究.同时,分析了飞灰的特性,研究了水泥用量对砖体抗压强度和重金属浸出毒性的影响,并对固化前后飞灰在不同p H值溶液环境下的重金属渗滤特性和基于改进RCR连续提取法的重金属形态分布进行了对比研究.结果表明:飞灰中Cd、Cu、Pb、Ni的浸出浓度分别达到1.76、60.29、5.36、1.48 mg·L-1,远超出生活垃圾填埋标准的规定,Cd、Zn、Cu的酸可交换态部分很高,分别为48%、21.26%、20.72%.水泥基材具有良好的稳定效果,添加量达到30%时,免烧砖中重金属的浸出毒性已远低于标准值.随着水泥掺量的提高,免烧砖的抗压强度呈上升趋势,当水泥比例为30%时,强度可达到12.8 MPa,35%水泥比例的砖体,其抗压强度则达到国标建筑用砖的MU15级.与原始飞灰相比,砖体中重金属在不同渗滤液p H下的浸出趋势并未改变,浸出量却显著下降,p H的适应范围变宽.另外,重金属中酸可交换态部分降至低于1%,主要转变成了可还原态,对环境的污染风险大幅降低.     

含重金属污泥制砖毒性的浸出

污泥中的重金属是影响污泥处置利用的重要因素,污泥制砖可以有效固结重金属。采用污水厂污泥与页岩按一定配比混合制备烧结砖,通过毒性浸出实验,研究烧结砖对重金属的固化程度以及重金属浸出稳定性,从而评定烧结制砖的安全性。结果表明,在浸出液为中性和酸性条件下,Cu、Cr、As和Pb的浸出浓度基本保持稳定,浸出时间的影响不大,而Zn的初始浸出浓度相对较大,最终逐渐降低;碱性条件下,Cr、Cu和Pb的浸出浓度随时间变化不大,而Zn和As的浸出浓度则在浸提时间内无明显变化规律;但不同pH浸出液下的重金属浸出浓度均远低于国家限值,污泥制砖重金属固化效果好,安全可靠。     

Integration of DFE and DFMA for the sustainable development of an automotive component

The recent developments in manufacturing organizations recognize sustainability as an important value addition for survival in the competitive scenario. The design engineers are in search of approaches for creating environmental conscious products. The purpose of this paper is to report a research carried out for ensuring sustainable product design by the integration of Design for Environment (DFE) and Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA) methodologies. In this context, this paper reports a case study carried out in an automotive component. The candidate product is the charge alternator pulley. The existing pulley has been created using Computer Aided Design. Then sustainability analysis was conducted on the existing component for determining environmental impact. This is followed by the engineering analysis of the component using ANSYS. Then conceptual design changes were developed in the proposed product using DFMA concept. Then the environmental impact has been evaluated in terms of carbon footprint, energy consumption and air/water impacts on proposed product. It has been found that the optimized pulley design possesses minimal environmental impact. The result of the case study indicated that the integration of DFE and DFMA concept could initiate new developments in sustainable designs with minimal impact to the environment and it also reduces the product cost.     

An exploration of the potential for re-distributed manufacturing to contribute to a sustainable,resilient city*

Abstract

Re-distributed manufacturing (RDM), broadly described as manufacturing done at a smaller-scale and locally, could be beneficial to business and urban society through creating jobs, reducing the environmental impacts of production, and improving resilience to future disturbances. Consideration of RDM within a city-region requires the consideration of a wide range of issues – societal, technical, economic and environmental. This paper presents the results of a study into the potential for RDM to contribute to a sustainable, resilient city in the face of a range of expected future disturbances on the city and on manufacturing sectors. The study took an integrated assessment approach which incorporated the development of a conceptual framework; a ‘strawman’ causal loop diagram which was reviewed by participants in a workshop; and a stock and flow system dynamics model that represents our understanding about the structure and behaviour of urban manufacturing. Several key themes emerged: similarities between RDM and traditional manufacturing, availability of physical space for RDM to be done, achieving urban resilience through RDM by enabling responsiveness to disturbances, changes in environmental impacts from production, additions or losses in jobs, the competitiveness of local manufacturing, and skills and innovation for RDM technologies. Further work is recommended.     

汶川地震典型民居震害特征分析

汶川"5.12"Ms8.0级特大地震造成了巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡。大量的民居房屋遭到了破坏。针对汶川地震灾区典型民居结构——砖混结构和底框架结构,通过震害描述介绍了其破坏形式,并按构件从基础到屋面依次分析了震害特征及结构破坏机理。最后对民居房屋建筑的建设提出了设计与施工方面的建议。     

装备制造企业推动循环经济产业化发展——以江苏华宏科技创新发展为例

废钢加工设备制造业是我国装备制造业中的一个重要分支,服务于钢铁工业和为钢铁工业提供废钢原料的废钢回收加工领域。以江苏华宏科技股份有限公司为例,详细介绍我国专业从事废钢加工设备研发和生产制造企业,在建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会及推动我国循环经济发展中,取得的主要成就及今后发展目标。     

淄博某热电厂粉煤灰双免砖的研制

研究了粉煤灰的用量、成型水分、粘结剂的种类及用量、外加剂的种类及用量、养护时间等因素对粉煤灰双免砖的影响,探讨了粘结剂的作用机理.     

用棉籽壳制乙酰丙酸及活性炭

棉籽壳经加酸加热水解,制得乙酰丙酸,收率为16．2％;残渣经硫酸炭化磺化,制得木素活性炭,收率为81．2％,脱色性能优于国家标准GB／T12496．22－90）。     

陡河电厂粉煤灰烧结砖生产工艺

结合陡河电厂粉煤灰用于烧结砖的实践，介绍了用粉煤灰生产烧结砖的工艺过程及应该注意的问题。