液化地区房屋震害预测

本文研究与液化区房屋震害预测有关的四个问题.对液化区房屋震害资料和经验进行了分析.给出了测定土壤震陷特性的标准试验方法,获得了各种土壤的震陷参数.提出了估计房屋震陷的简化分析方法.在这些工作的基础上,建立了一个预测液化区房屋震害的方法.     

严酷海洋大气环境下玻璃纤维复合材料腐蚀老化规律研究

目的 研究严酷海洋大气环境下,玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料的腐蚀老化规律.方法 通过实海大气环境试验,分析了南海岛礁大气环境下,复合材料暴露不同周期后的腐蚀形貌特征以及力学性能变化规律,建立了腐蚀老化性能预测灰色模型GM(1,1),并与青岛、厦门和三亚等典型海洋大气环境进行对比研究.结果 随暴露时间的增长,南海岛礁大气环境下的复合材料发生严重的纤维裸露,其弯曲强度呈下降趋势,基于弯曲强度建立的灰色模型GM(1,1)精度达到1级;与其他典型海洋大气环境相比,随着纬度的降低,复合材料的弯曲强度呈下降趋势.结论 灰色模型GM(1,1)对复合材料在岛礁等严酷海洋大气环境下的腐蚀老化性能预测精度较高.影响复合材料性能的最主要环境因素为辐照,其次为相对湿度和温度.     

纳米二氧化钛的毒性研究进展

随着纳米技术的迅猛发展,纳米材料越来越广泛地应用于社会科技生活的各个领域,在给人们生活带来便利的同时,纳米毒性也日益受到越来越广泛的关注。然而目前纳米毒性关注的焦点多集中在碳纳米管等早先发现的纳米材料上,却对纳米TiO2这一取得方便、制备容易、应用广泛、产量最大的纳米材料关注不足。本文从细胞水平和在体水平综述了纳米TiO2毒性研究进展,阐述了纳米TiO2对人体及其它生物潜在的生物效应,并提出对纳米TiO2进行安全性评估的必要性。     

低成本含磷材料修复环境重金属污染的研究进展

低成本含磷材料包括磷灰石、骨粉、无机磷肥及无机磷酸盐，其对环境重金属污染的修复值得引起生态学、环境学更广泛的重视。详细介绍了：（1）各类低成本含磷材料结构性质；（2）含磷材料在修复土壤、沉积物、水体重金属污染方面的应用；（3）含磷材料修复环境重金属污染的机理及影响因素；（4）含磷材料修复环境重金属污染的效果评价等方面的研究进展及发展前景。     

Treating landfill gas hydrogen sulphide with mineral wool waste (MWW) and rod mill waste (RMW)

Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) gas is a major odorant at municipal landfills. The gas can be generated from different waste fractions, for example demolition waste containing gypsum based plaster board. The removal of H₂S from landfill gas was investigated by filtering it through mineral wool waste products. The flow of gas varied from 0.3 l/min to 3.0 l/min. The gas was typical for landfill gas with a mean H₂S concentration of ca. 4500 ppm. The results show that the sulphide gas can effectively be removed by mineral wool waste products. The ratios of the estimated potential for sulphide precipitation were 19:1 for rod mill waste (RMW) and mineral wool waste (MWW). A filter consisting of a mixture of MWW and RMW, with a vertical perforated gas tube through the center of filter material and with a downward gas flow, removed 98% of the sulfide gas over a period of 80 days. A downward gas flow was more efficient in contacting the filter materials. Mineral wool waste products are effective in removing hydrogen sulphide from landfill gas given an adequate contact time and water content in the filter material. Based on the estimated sulphide removal potential of mineral wool and rod mill waste of 14 g/kg and 261 g/kg, and assuming an average sulphide gas concentration of 4500 ppm, the removal capacity in the filter materials has been estimated to last between 11 and 308 days. At the studied location the experimental gas flow was 100 times less than the actual gas flow. We believe that the system described here can be upscaled in order to treat this gas flow.     

Risk analysis for road and rail transport of hazardous materials: a GIS approach

An approach to transportation risk analysis for road and rail transport of dangerous goods is proposed, which is based on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to manage territorial information, coupled with a product data bank in a risk evaluation tool. Such an approach enables to accurately take into account the local data affecting risk analysis, such as population, accident rate, and weather conditions along all the route, by means of a system which can be easily updated. The resulting risk evaluation tool assists in the step of route identification and allows to rapidly perform an accurate transportation risk analysis, for a single transportation event as well as for multiple substances, trips and itineraries.     

管道内可燃物爆炸问题现状与研究方向

文章首先对问题进行提炼,然后从机理、试验两个方面就研究现状做了综述,结语部分指出了进步的研究方向。     

深圳湾滨海道路的生态建设

运用景观生态学原理对深圳湾滨海道路建设工程中生态环境的损失及生态补偿进行了阐述，指出了道路实施必须充分考虑生态环境损失及相应的生态建设。     

烟气脱硫副产物的综合利用

通过分析烟气脱硫石膏的性能 ,介绍了脱硫石膏的利用情况和研究进展 ,利用脱硫石膏生产建筑材料 ,如 β石膏和α石膏的工艺日臻成熟 ,利用脱硫石膏生产水泥辅料已进入工业化 ,而利用脱硫石膏生产充填尾砂胶结剂已经完成试验阶段 ,脱硫石膏在农业上也有很广泛的用途。     

城市污泥管道输送与处置结合的新技术

介绍我国城市污泥的处置现状,对国内外的污泥输送方式进行了比较,综合得出管道输送方式是结合污泥处置的最理想的输送方式。结合污泥焚烧处置与储存、装载技术应用实例,详细介绍了一种集污泥预处理、输送、处置于一体的新技术。