Artificial neural network modelling of As(III) removal from water by novel hybrid material

The present study reported a method for removal of As(III) from water solution by a novel hybrid material (Ce-HAHCl). The hybrid material was synthesized by sol–gel method and was characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM–EDS and TGA–DTA. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted as a function of different variables like adsorbent dose, pH, contact time, agitation speed, initial concentration and temperature. The experimental studies revealed that maximum removal percentage is 98.85 at optimum condition: pH = 5.0, agitation speed = 180 rpm, temperature = 60 °C and contact time = 80 min using 9 g L⁻¹ of adsorbent dose for initial As(III) concentration of 10 mg L⁻¹. Using adsorbent dose of 10 g L⁻¹, the maximum removal percentage remains same with initial As(III) concentration of 25 mg L⁻¹ (or 50 mg L⁻¹). The maximum adsorption capacity of the material is found to be 182.6 mg g⁻¹. Subsequently, the experimental results are used for developing a valid model based on back propagation (BP) learning algorithm with artificial neural networking (BP-ANN) for prediction of removal efficiency. The adequacy of the model (BP-ANN) is checked by value of the absolute relative percentage error (0.293) and correlation coefficient (R² = 0.975). Comparison of experimental and predictive model results show that the model can predict the adsorption efficiency with acceptable accuracy.     

高层建筑火灾初期人员疏散策略的优化分析

通过分析高层建筑火灾条件下的人员安全疏散问题,构建了高层建筑火灾初期的垂直疏散模型,并提出2种疏散策略.策略Ⅰ:电梯停靠层以下全部用楼梯疏散,停靠层及以上楼层用电梯疏散;策略Ⅱ:各楼层人员按不同比例通过电梯进行疏散.然后通过调用随机函数,在一个动态运行模式下求解模型,分析停靠层、楼层人数及电梯疏散人数比例对疏散效果的影响,得到2种策略条件下的近似最优解.分析楼梯、电梯的疏散规律,得出楼层人数、电梯停靠层和电梯疏散人数比例对疏散效果的影响并非单一的线性关系:楼层人数较少时,随楼层的增加,电梯疏散更具优势;楼层人数过多时,电梯、楼梯的疏散效果都不明显,此时需要合理确定通过楼梯、电梯疏散的人数比例才能提高疏散效果.比较2种策略发现,策略Ⅱ疏散时间更短,而策略Ⅰ在现实中的运行能力和可操作性更强.     

高层民用建筑火灾风险综合评估系统研究

为构建更为完善、科学的高层民用建筑火灾风险评价指标体系,并进而建立未确知C-均值聚类模型,对高层民用建筑火灾风险状况进行综合评价,以确定其发生火灾的危险性等级.首先针对目前高层民用建筑火灾风险评估研究存在的不足,提出总体思路.然后,基于危险源辨识,结合《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》,运用事故致因分析及专家调查等方法,分析影响高层民用建筑火灾发生的各种不确定性因素,建立了高层民用建筑火灾风险评价指标体系.在此基础上,根据高层民用建筑火灾风险评价的特点,引入未确知C-均值聚类智能化方法,建立了基于未确知聚类的高层民用建筑火灾风险综合评估模型,并进行了实证分析.结果表明,提出的高层民用建筑火灾风险综合评价系统可以保证高层建筑火灾风险评估的准确性.     

蜂窝纸板动态压缩性能试验研究

首先介绍了缓冲材料的特性以及蜂窝纸板作为近些年来出现的一种新型缓冲材料的优越性,接着对缓冲材料动态压缩性能试验方法进行了阐述说明,最后通过一系列试验数据对蜂窝纸板的动态压缩性能进行了分析研究,重点研究了温湿度预处理对蜂窝纸板动态压缩性能的影响。     

Engaging Economic Development Agencies in Environmental Protection: The case for embedded autonomy

This article examines the role of economic development agencies in strengthening the environmental performance of industry within rapidly industrialising East Asian economies. Three case-study examples are considered, namely, the role of the Industrial Development Board in reducing industrial pollution in Taiwan, pollution control in the palm oil industry in Malaysia, and the role of the Economic Development Board in influencing environmental performance of industry in Singapore. The concept of embedded autonomy is developed to consider the ways in which agencies of economic development can work with firms and industries while simultaneously remaining autonomous from these firms with respect to setting and enforcing performance standards. The three cases suggest that a form of policy integration that more directly integrates economic and environmental goals within agencies of economic development may be feasible, but only where there exists a strong autonomous government bureaucracy and where there is strong societal commitment to improving the environmental performance of industry.     

在用建筑物安全管理与控制技术

建筑物倒塌往往酿成重大事故，带来惨重损失。加强建筑物安全管理与控制，是防止建筑事故发生的有效措施。为此，提出了建筑物安全管理与控制的日常管理和鉴定管理两级模式，并研究了相应的管理理论     

Sustainability Capacity Building Based on Educational Method： A Case Study on China and Sweden Joint Program

Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development （EE＆ESD） have been widely accepted as an effective educational method to contribute to capacity development and processes of change in developing countries. This paper takes SIDA supported EE＆ESD in formal educationadvanced international training program, China as an example. By analyzing and reflecting its orientation, implementation, outcomes and evaluation, experiences and lessons learned are expected to help improve the sorts of international cooperation capacity building programs both from international and also Chinese perspectives.     

浅议建筑垂直绿化

建筑垂直绿化是建筑景观设计及节能的重要内容,论文论述了建筑垂直绿化的作用、形式以及国内外应用案例,提出了不同建筑和墙面适用不同的绿化方式。通过软件计算对某住宅建筑采用垂直绿化后的能耗进行了分析。结果表明,采用墙面垂直绿化的建筑能耗明显低于无绿化建筑,最后对建筑垂直绿化的产业化发展和经济性进行了分析和展望。     

成都市绿色建筑发展现状及对策研究

虽然成都市采取了一系列有力措施推进绿色建筑的发展并取得了显著成效,但还是存在绿色建筑发展不平衡、已有绿色建筑不能有效实现环保节能目标、百姓对绿色建筑认可度不高等诸多问题,影响甚至制约了成都市绿色建筑的发展.为了解决上述问题,本文通过对成都大量绿色建筑的调研,深入分析了成都市绿色建筑在投资项目选择、设计、施工、市场投放、认证监管和运行维护等环节存在的问题及成因,并给出了相应的对策,以期对中国绿色建筑发展有所帮助.     

Materials for alternative plant protection

Abstract

Information will be presented as to the use of various materials for alternative protection of crop plants against fungal pathogens.