电源频率对大气压氦气射流等离子体放电特性的影响

为探究大气压射流等离子体放电特性,利用同轴双环电极结构等离子体射流装置,研究电源频率、外加电压对氦气射流放电电流、起始电压、消耗功率、放电平均功率、射流长度等参数的影响规律。结果表明:放电图像在f=7.88,8.40,8.90 kHz电源频率下,随着电压增加,等离子体射流长度先增长后稳定;电压-电流关系符合辉光放电特征;同一电源频率下,随外加电压升高,放电电流脉冲个数增多、幅值增大、脉冲曲线产生畸变,装置消耗功率和放电功率所受影响不大。     

瓦斯压力对煤与瓦斯射流突出能量的影响

瓦斯压力是煤与瓦斯突出的主要动力源,其与突出能量的关系尚不明确。将煤与瓦斯突出视为煤-瓦斯气固两相射流突出,在分析煤与瓦斯射流突出过程的基础上,建立了煤与瓦斯射流突出数值模型,给出了突出能量表达式。通过理论分析、数值模拟相结合,得到了瓦斯压力对煤与瓦斯突出能量、突出强度、瓦斯涌出量等参数的影响规律。结果表明,突出发生时,突出能量具有波动性,即以突出口为界存在能量集聚骤升区和能量释放衰减区。能量集聚骤升发生在突出孔洞至突出口段,瓦斯-煤两相流突出速度成倍增大;能量释放主要发生在突出口附近和巷道中,瓦斯-煤两相流突出速度逐渐减小。煤与瓦斯射流突出产生强烈涡旋,在顶板、底板处尤为显著,与现场观察到的突出后顶板有摩擦和划痕、底板突出煤粉有分选现象一致。瓦斯压力与突出能量间呈线性增加关系,与突出强度和瓦斯涌出量均呈幂指数增加关系。计算得到的煤与瓦斯射流突出能量量级与前人结论基本吻合,结果可为煤与瓦斯突出能量预测提供参考。     

常压等离子体射流去除水中糖皮质激素污染物

搭建射流介质阻挡放电反应器,对常压等离子体射流技术降解水中代表性糖皮质激素氢化可的松（HC）进行了研究.考察了放电功率、空气流量、溶液初始pH值、放电时间等因素对HC降解效果的影响.结果表明,HC的去除率随放电功率增大和放电时间延长而增加;溶液初始pH值、通入空气流量等因素对HC处理效果也有很大影响.在初始浓度为0.138mmol/L,放电功率为49.7W,气流量为4L/min的实验条件下,在本反应器中放电处理120min后HC的去除率可达98%.本文使用了不同自由基抑制剂研究了活性氧自由基（ROS）在HC降解过程中的作用,并通过发射光谱（OES）观测了放电过程中产生的自由基种类.研究结果对常压等离子技术去除有机污染物的发展有一定的参考价值.     

Transport and Diffusion of Ozone in the Nocturnal and Morning Planetary Boundary Layer of the Phoenix Valley

The evolution of ozone (O ₃) in the nocturnal and morning-transitional planetary boundary layer (PBL) of the Phoenix valley was measured as a part of the `Phoenix Sunrise Experiment 2001' of the U.S. Department of Energy conducted in June 2001. The goal of the field program was to study the transport, distribution and storage of ozone and its precursors in the urban boundary layer over a diurnal cycle. The ground level O <sub>3</sub> as well as mean meteorological variables and turbulence were measured over the entire period, and vertical profiling (using a tethered balloon) was made during the morning transition period. Approximately half of the observational days showed the usual diurnal cycle of high O <sub>3</sub> during the day and low O <sub>3</sub> at night, with nitrogen oxides (NO <sub>x</sub> = NO <sub>2</sub> + NO) showing an out of phase relationship with O <sub>3</sub>. The rest of the days were signified by an anomalous increase of O <sub>3</sub> in the late evening ( 2200 LST), concomitant with a sudden drop of temperature, an enhancement of wind speed and Reynolds stresses, a positive heat flux and a change of wind direction. NO <sub>x</sub> measurements indicated the simultaneous arrival of an `aged' air mass, which was corroborated by the wind predictions of a mesoscale numerical model. In all, the results indicate that the recirculation of O ₃ rich air masses is responsible for the said high-O ₃ events. Such air masses are produced during the transport of O ₃ precursors by the upslope flow toward mountainous suburbs during the day, and they return back to the city at night via downslope winds (i.e. mountain breeze). The corresponding flow patterns, and hence the high-O ₃ events, are determined by background meteorological conditions. The vertical profiling of O ₃ and flow variables during the morning transition points to a myriad of transport, mixing and chemical processes that determine the fate of tropospheric O ₃. How well such processes are incorporated and resolved in predictive O ₃ models should determine the accuracy of their predictions.     

用射流曝气法处理医院污水的效果研究

研究了用射流曝气法处理医院污水的实际效果。从污水处理前后的水质变化、对比，证明了该方法在医院污水处理中所具有的优越性。     

掘进工作面贴附射流通风浓差理论研究

掘进工作面压入式通风形成的风流是贴附射流。根据流体力学和射流理论 ,通风射流体结构分为起始段和主体段。风筒出口风流是新鲜的 ,射流周围气体中污染物浓度高于射流体的浓度 ,与射流气体存在浓度差。因此 ,其通风射流为浓差射流。笔者分析了贴附射流主体段、起始段的轴心浓差和质量平均浓差 ,得出了计算模型。同时为研究压入式通风过程中污染物的分布提供了新的理论依据     

A Device for Preventing Occupational Diseases of Lower Legs

Physiological processes characteristic of the fatigue of legs mainly appear when the worker’s activity requires standing. If the processes are intensive and regular, various diseases of legs, such as varicose veins and musculoskeletal disorders of legs and feet, can develop. Therefore, methods of reducing the fatigue of legs are important in occupational health protection. Air jet massage technology was developed and an appropriate massage device was built by the authors. The massage head turning around the lower leg and moving up and down gradually covers the leg’s surface. To determine the efficiency of the massage, fatigue processes were studied. These studies showed that jet massage effectively reduces both the subjective and objective fatigue symptoms. The device is convenient for use in industry, services, and at home.     

横向风作用下喷口间距对射流扩散火焰特征的影响研究*

为研究横向风作用下喷口间距对射流扩散火焰特征的影响,以双喷口火焰为研究对象,利用CCD摄像机拍摄火焰几何形态,研究横向风条件下喷口间距对火焰形态演化、火焰长度和火焰吹熄极限的影响。研究结果表明:喷口间距较小时,2束火焰因空气夹带竞争和压差作用,彼此相互倾斜融合,火焰融合概率随喷口间距增加而逐渐降低,火焰临界融合间距随横向风的增加先增大后减小;由于火焰的空气夹带和热反馈处于较高水平,2束火焰被少量拉伸,火焰长度先增加后减小;喷口间距较小时,火焰吹熄极限显著增加。     

Hybrid hierarchical fabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds

Three-dimensional (3D) porous structures facilitating cell attachment, growth, and proliferation is critical to tissue engineering applications. Traditional solid freeform fabrication (SFF) methods have limited capabilities in the fabrication of high resolution micro-scale features to implement advanced biomedical functions. In this work, we present a hybrid scaffold fabrication approach by integrating electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing technology with extrusion deposition together to fabricate hierarchical 3D scaffolds with well controlled structures at both macro and micro scale. We developed a hybrid fabrication platform and a robust fabrication process to achieve 3D hierarchical structures. The melting extrusion by pneumatic pressure was used to fabricate 3D scaffolds with filaments dimension of hundreds of microns using thermoplastic biopolymer polycaprolactone (PCL). An electrohydrodynamic (EHD) melt jet plotting process was developed to fabricate micro-scale features on the scaffolds with sub-10 μm resolution, which has great potential in advanced biomedical applications, such as cell alignment and cell guidance.     

新型射流曝气技术对脱硫浆液的氧化特性研究

通过比较射流曝气与鼓风曝气的氧化效果及能耗,提出了臭氧协同空气射流曝气的一种新型湿法脱硫浆液强制氧化技术,并探究了其在氧化脱硫浆液方面的工业应用前景,讨论了O_3浓度与传输距离、进气量、浆液循环量、温度、pH和液面高度对脱硫浆液氧化特性的影响。实验结果表明:臭氧协同空气射流曝气、空气射流曝气、鼓风曝气对脱硫浆液的氧化率(η)和能耗(E)的关系分别为:η_1=1.270η_2=3.175η_3(其中η_2=2.500η_3)、E_1=0.747E_2=0.249E_3(其中E_2=0.333E_3),其工业应用前景良好;通过提高O_3浓度、进气量、浆液循环量与液面高度、缩短O_3传输距离等方式均能进一步提高亚硫酸盐的氧化效果,从而提高脱硫效率。