Influences of phosphate nutritional level on the phytoavailability and speciation distribution of cadmium and lead in soil

IntroductionNorth-east China is one of the most importantindustrial bases and also a main agriculturalproduction area. Land disposal of wastes and irrigatingwith sewage have led to increasing heavy metalcontents in soil (Chen, 1996) and the problemsinduce…     

Effect of incubation temperature and wet-dry cycle on the availabilities of Cd, Pb and Zn in soil

The effect of incubation temperature and wet-dry cycle on the availabilities of Cd, Pb and Zn was studied. Three soils with pH ranging from 3.8 to 7.3, organic carbon （OC） from 0.7% to 2.4%, and clay from 12.3% to 35.6% were selected. Soils were spiked with reagent grade Cd（NO3）2, Pb（NO3）2, and Zn（NO3）2 at concentrations of 30 mg Cd/kg soil, 300 mg Zn/kg soil and 2000 mg Pb/kg soil. The soils were incubated at 35, 60, 105℃, respectively and went through four wet-dry cycles. Metal availability in soils was estimated by soil extraction with 0.1 mol/L Ca（NO3）2. According to this study, the effect of the spiking temperature on the metal availabilities was different among the metals, soils and wet-dry cycles. Mostly, 35 ~C was the first recommended spiking temperature for Cd and Pb while no spiking temperature was obviously better than others for Zn. Three wet-dry cycles was recommended regardless of the type of metals and incubation temperature.     

间歇反应器内污泥衍生吸附剂去除水溶液中镉、镍离子

利用城市污水厂的污泥化学活化法热解产生的吸附剂 ,在间歇反应器内对水溶液中Cd2 和Ni2 离子进行吸附性能的研究 .考察了溶液的pH值、接触时间、吸附剂的投加量及吸附质初始浓度对吸附效果的影响 ,结果表明 ,Cd2 ,Ni2 离子吸附达到平衡时的接触时间为 60min,pH值为 5 5— 6 0 ,溶液的初始浓度为 40mg·l- 1 和 30mg·l- 1 ,吸附剂的投加量不少于 1 0g·l- 1 和 2 0g·l- 1 .     

双硫腙－醋酸丁酯萃取石墨炉原子吸收法测定海水中痕量铜、铅和镉

用双硫腙－醋酸丁酯萃取石墨炉原子吸收法测定海水中痕量Ｃｕ,Ｐｂ,Ｃｄ。试验选定了测定条件,结果表明,在弱碱性介质中,能同时定量萃取Ｃｕ,Ｐｂ,Ｃｄ。方法的相对标准偏差〈３％。加标回收率９２％－１０２％,检出限分别为Ｃｕ０．０６,Ｐｂ０．１４,Ｃｄ０．００２。本法操作简便,快速,已应用于海水中Ｃｕ,Ｐｂ,Ｃｄ的分析,取得令人满意的结果。     

镉污染对莫桑比克罗非鱼血清蛋白的影响

通过分析莫桑比克罗非鱼血清蛋白含量的变化,研究镉对鱼类的致毒效应,试验结果表明,镉能升高血清总蛋白,球蛋白含量、降低白蛋白／球蛋白比值,但对血清白蛋白含量没有影响,镉对血清球蛋白各组分的影响有其特异性,对莫桑比克罗非鱼血清球蛋白成分产生作用的镉浓度阈值为０．００５ｍｇ／Ｌ,分析血清蛋白含量的变化,可以为诊断镉污染提供理论依据。     

Determination of Cadmium and Copper in Fish Samples from Sir And Menzelet Dam Lake Kahramanmaraş, Turkey

The cadmium and copper levels were determined in the total of 126 fish samples which belongs to five fish species collected from Sır and Menzelet Dam Lakes in Kahramanmaraş Province by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The concentrations of heavy metals were expressed as ppm wet weight of tissue. The mean levels of cadmium and copper in muscle, liver and gill tissues of Cyprinus carpiofrom the Menzelet Dam were found as 0.27, 0.91, 1.49 and 0.94, 1.2, 1.05, respectively. The mean levels of Cd in the muscle tissues of Leuciscus cephalusfrom the Menzelet Dam were found 0.32 ppm, Cd wasn't found in tissues of liver and gill. The mean levels of Cu in the muscle, liver and gill tissues were found as 3.17 ppm, 1.19 ppm, 0.96 ppm, respectively. The mean levels of the Cd and Cu in muscle and gill tissues of Acanthobrama marmid from the Sır Dam were found as 1.28, 2.64 and 0.72, 0.08, respectively. The levels of the Cd and Cu in muscle tissues of Cyprinus carpiofrom the Sır Dam were found 0.87 and 0.02 ppm, respectively. The mean levels of the Cd and Cu in the muscle and gill tissues of Chondrostoma regium from the Sır Dam were found to be 0.80, 2.62 and 0.67, 1.34 ppm, respectively. The mean levels of the Cd in the muscle tissues of the Silurus glanis was found as 0.60 ppm. In the muscle of the Silurus glanis from the Sır Dam, Cu was not found. The Sır Dam is more polluted than the Menzelet Dam from the point of Cd but less polluted than the Menzelet Dam From the point of Cu. A relationship was determined between species and their habitating region in terms of the levels reflected metal residues. In this study it was emphasized that the amounts of Cd and Cu in the samples were low, however, seas, lakes, rivers, soil, air and consumed foods etc. has to be controlled routinely.     

Metal Concentrations in Fish Species from the Northeast Mediterranean Sea

Samples of Mugil cephalus and Mullus barbatus were collected in the Northeast Mediterranean coast of Turkey the contents of cadmium, copper, iron, zinc and lead in the liver, gill and muscle tissues were determined by atomic absorption flame spectrophotometry.Except for lead, highest levels of each metal were found in the liver and this was followed by the gill and muscle in both species. Among the metals analyzed, Cu, Zn and Fe were the most abundant in the different tissues while Cd and Pb were the least abundant both in M. cephalus and M. barbatus. Seasonal changes in metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, Fe and Zn) concentration were observed in the tissues of both species, but these seasonal variations may not influence consumption advisories. In general, the highest concentrations were detected for all metals in summer.     

酸雨条件下黄壤对镉的释放动力学研究

对不同酸雨条件下黄壤对镉释放的研究发现,吸附态镉释放的过程可以分为快反应和慢反应两个阶段。在以常用动力学方程实验数据进行拟合的基础上,创建了反三角函数方程。结果表明,反三角函数方程对多种酸雨条件下黄壤吸附态镉释放过程的拟合度最佳,此外多项式方程、双常数方程也能较好地描述这一过程。     

改性累托石吸附处理含镉废水

采用硫酸和高分子絮凝剂聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵对累托石进行改性,考察了改性累托石吸附处理模拟含镉废水的影响因素.实验结果表明,在废水质量浓度为50 mg/L、废水pH为6.0、改性累托石加入量为1.2g/L、吸附时间为90 min、废水温度为25℃的条件下,改性累托石对镉的去除率可达98.00%以上,改性累托石对镉的吸附符合Langmuir模型.