Numerical simulation of alga growth and control in Dalian Bay

WAHMO model was used to simulate the distribution of pollutants in Dalian Bay, China as to predict well as the growth and control of alga. The observed and predicted values of main pollutants showed a good trend at all study locations and the different between them can be ignored. Simulation results illustrated that phosphate was one of limited factors to control algal growth at the location near the sewage outfall, meanwhile, away from the sewage outfall, the synergy of ammonium nitrogen and phosphate was the limited factor.     

半干法烟气脱硫灰改性及应用

文章主要对半干法脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙的氧化转化进行研究。半干法脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙对建材质量具有一定影响,通过筛选合适的催化-氧化剂体系对其进行了氧化改性。试验得到了一种复合催化剂,成功用于半干法脱硫灰改性。结合蒸压砖的生产工艺,使亚硫酸钙在生产过程中实现了部分转化,生产的蒸压砖能达到JC239-2001《粉煤灰砖》MU10强度等级。     

高碱性烟气脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙含量分析方法

针对烟气脱硫灰中的亚硫酸钙含量测定方法没有国家标准和行业标准,在参考不同标准中亚硫酸盐的测定方法基础上,对碘量法测定烟气脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙含量的方法进行实验研究。通过自制烟气脱硫灰模拟样的滴定,结果表明高碱性脱硫灰在滴定前应采用先加碘后加酸的顺序进行处理,并使用盐酸或磷酸作为酸化剂,而不宜使用硫酸酸化;采用磷酸(1+1)作酸化剂,控制溶液pH值在2.49¹.40之间,可以准确测定高碱性烟气脱硫灰中亚硫酸钙含量,重复性好,同时可有效避免Fe3+干扰。     

温度对细菌碳酸酐酶催化碳酸钙沉积的影响

碳酸钙(CaCO3)沉积不仅在许多地质过程中起重要作用,而且在石刻文物和石质建筑物的修复以及环境治理等方面也有应用。CaCO3沉积过程在自然条件下极为缓慢,在CaCO3-H2O-CO2反应体系中CO2+H2OHCO3-+H+为限速步骤,可以利用生物催化剂来加速这一反应的进行。碳酸酐酶(Carbonic anhydrase,CA)是一种以锌为活性中心的金属酶,可以高效催化上述反应的进行,并在CaCO3沉积中具有显著促进作用。本文采用气体扩散体系,研究温度对典型细菌CA催化CaCO3沉积的速率及晶型晶貌的影响。结果表明,在实验温度(5～55℃)条件下,30℃时细菌CA催化沉积CaCO3的速率最快,而5℃时的沉积速率最慢,而且,温度会影响细菌CA催化形成的CaCO3晶体的大小和形貌。     

电石炉炉气电改袋除尘技术

介绍了某厂3台20 000kVA内燃式电石炉炉气除尘系统由原来采用的电式除尘器改为袋式除尘器技术,同时将原系统内的增湿塔改造为强制风冷及预荷电、预除尘设备,这样不但可以降低烟气温度使其满足袋式除尘器对进口烟气温度的要求,同时使微细粉尘荷电凝聚,提高了后续袋式除尘器对颗粒的捕集效率,并降低了袋式除尘器的阻力损失。改造后的系统运行稳定,烟气出口排放浓度满足国家环保要求。     

氮磷肥料对HB-5菌株降解莠去津的促进作用及去毒效应的影响

以莠去津降解细菌HB-5为研究对象,进行了氮、磷肥单一及复合施肥对HB-5细菌降解土壤中莠去津的促进作用的研究,探讨了莠去津降解率与土壤中速效氮、速效磷含量之间的关系及莠去津降解过程中生态毒性的变化情况.莠去津在土壤中的残留采用高效液相色谱法进行测定;土壤中速效氮和速效磷分别采用碱解扩散法及0.5mol/L-NaHCO3浸提-钼锑抗比色法测定;土壤的生态毒性采用蚕豆根尖微核法进行测定.结果表明,在实验的前5d,不论氮、磷肥单一或复合施肥均能够明显促进HB-5对莠去津的降解,不同施肥条件下莠去津的降解速率依次为:氮、磷肥复合单施磷肥单施氮肥不施肥料对照;实验5d后,各处理中莠去津降解率没有显著差异(p0.05),均达到了95%以上.土壤中速效氮和速效磷含量随着莠去津的降解而呈现逐渐减少的趋势.土壤的生态毒性试验结果表明,莠去津经HB-5菌株降解后,土壤的生态毒性显著降低;各施肥处理土壤中莠去津的生态毒性均低于不施肥处理的土壤;实验的前5d,各处理土壤中生态毒性的大小依次为:氮、磷肥复合单施磷肥单施氮肥不施肥料对照.实验7d时,各处理土壤中莠去津的生态毒性均恢复到空白对照水平.氮磷肥料的施用不仅能促进HB-5菌株对土壤中莠去津的降解,而且能加速降低土壤的生态毒性,为莠去津污染土壤的快速修复提供了理论依据.     

不同氮、磷肥用量下双季稻田的CH4和N2O排放

以红壤双季稻田为研究对象,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对2009年水稻生长期内不施肥（CK）,平衡施肥（BF）、减氮磷一（DNP1）、减氮磷二（DNP2）和增氮磷（INP）等5个处理的CH4和N2O排放通量以及环境因素进行观测.结果表明,早稻生长期间BF、DNP1、DNP2和INP的CH4平均排放通量为4.57、5.42、...     

一株嗜盐聚磷菌的筛选及除磷性能初探

从运行稳定的以生活污水为碳源的污泥中富集分离,并筛选出一株嗜盐聚磷菌qdp05,通过对菌株的形态、生理生化特征及16SrDNA序列进行分析后,鉴定该菌株qdp05为肠杆菌属.当碳源为乙酸钠,盐度为2%的条件下,好氧条件下培养48h后,qdp05对磷的最终去除率为87.8%.在厌氧好氧连续培养过程,qdp05表现出明显的...     

三峡库区悬移质泥沙对磷污染物的吸附解吸特性

就三峡库区悬移质泥沙对磷污染物的吸附解吸特性从野外同步监测和室内试验研究两个方面展开研究。选取长江干流、嘉陵江和乌江共7个监测断面于2002年和2003进行野外同步监测,测试结果表明：水中的悬移质泥沙对水中各种覆存形态的磷污染物浓度具有显著影响,单位重量泥沙对磷的吸附量与水体总泥沙含量、泥沙粒径有密切关系。采集寸滩断面泥沙对磷酸盐吸附解吸特性进行室内试验研究,并根据Langmuir吸附动力学方程对吸附解吸过程进行了拟合,发现吸附速率常数k随着泥沙粒径的增加而呈递增变化,而磷酸盐初始浓度对k值的影响并不明显,同时,磷酸盐解吸量随着泥沙浓度的增加和粒径的增加呈递减变化,k值随着泥沙粒径的增加而呈递增变化,泥沙浓度对k值的影响不明显。     

Competition of bloom-forming marine phytoplankton at low nutrient concentrations

Competition of three bloom-forming marine phytoplankton (diatom Skeletonema costatum, and dinoflagellates Prorocentrum minimum and Alexandrium tamarense) was studied through a series of multispecies cultures with di erent nitrate (NaNO3) and phosphate (NaH2PO4) levels and excess silicate to interpret red tide algae succession. S. costatum outgrew the other two dinoflagellates in nitrate and phosphate replete cultures with 10 mol/L Na2SiO3. Under nitrate limited (8.82 mol/L NaNO3) conditions, the growth of S. costatum was also dominant when phosphate concentrations were from 3.6 to 108 mol/L. Cell density of the two dinoflagellates only increased slightly, to less than 400 and 600 cells/mL, respectively. Cell density of S. costatum decreased with time before day 12, and then increased to 4000 cells/mL (1.5 mg/L dry biomass) at NaNO3 concentrations between 88.2 and 882 mol/L with limited phosphate (0.36 mol/L NaH2PO4) levels. In addition, P. minimum grew well with a maximal cell density of 1690–2100 cells/mL (0.5–0.6 mg/L dry biomass). Although S. costatum initially grew fast, its cell density decreased quickly with time later in the growth phase and the two dinoflagellates were dominant under the nitrate-limited and high nitrate conditions with limited phosphate. These results indicated that the diatom was a poor competitor compared to the two dinoflagellates under limited phosphate; however, it grew well under limited nitrate when growth of the dinoflagellates was near detection limits.