山东省水泥行业CO_2排放情景与减排效果分析

为了评估山东省水泥行业的CO2减排潜力,利用长期能源替代规划系统软件建立了LEAP-Shandong Cement模型,对山东省水泥行业的CO2排放量及相应的减排潜力进行了模拟评估.同时,在模型中运用情景分析方法,研究了基准情景、政策情景和技术情景下山东水泥行业2007～2020年的能源需求和CO2排放量以及相应的节能减排潜力.结果表明,到2020年,相对于基准情景,政策情景和技术情景下的减排潜力分别为8.5%和14.4%.因此,山东省水泥行业具有一定的减排潜力.实现减排主要依靠窑型的替代和相应技术的进步,其中,余热发电技术改进为近期的重点减排技术.总体而言,水泥行业减排兼具显著的环境、经济和社会效益.     

中国水泥生产工艺的生命周期对比分析及建议

为了定量分析各种水泥生产工艺造成的环境影响以及工艺替代时可能造成的环境问题转移,采用生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)方法,建立了大型、中型、小型新型干法、传统立窑、新型半干法(JT窑)5种典型水泥生产工艺从原材料开采到熟料生产的生命周期模型,对比分析了以上工艺生命周期过程中能耗、温室效应、酸化、可吸入无机物等主要环境影响类型的差异,提出并计算了大型新型干法替代其他工艺时的"平衡运输距离",并推导了其一般表达式.结果表明,由于大型新型干法工艺氮氧化物排放较多,使得工艺替代时可能伴随着环境问题从能耗、温室效应向酸化、可吸入无机物等影响类型转移;同时,由于产能增加,大型新型干法工艺也可能导致环境影响从生产阶段向运输阶段转移.从本文的案例研究可以看出,LCA方法可以定量分析不同环境影响类型之间和不同生命周期阶段之间的环境问题转移,能为技术评价和相关政策制定及实现全社会节能减排目标提供科学的依据与建议.     

Pollutant loads of surface runo inWuhan City Zoo, an urban tourist area

The pollutant loads of surface runoff in an urban tourist area have been investigated for two years in the Wuhan City Zoo, China. Eight sampling sites, including two woodlands, three animal yards, two roofs and one road, were selected for sampling and study. The results indicate that pollutants ranked in a predictable order of decreasing load （e.g. animal yard〉roof〉woodland〉road）, with animal yards acting as the key pollution source in the zoo. Pollutants were transported mainly by particulate form in runoff. Particulate nitrogen and particulate phosphorous accounted on average for 61%, 78% of total pollutant, respectively, over 13 monitored rainfall events. These results indicate the treatment practices should be implemented to improve particulate nutrient removal. Analysis of the M（V） curve indicate that no first flush effect existed in the surface runoff from pervious areas （e.g. woodland, animal ground yard）, whereas a first flush effect was evident in runoff from impervious surfaces （e.g. animal cement yard, roof, road）.     

利用电子探针研究水泥净浆中Cd和Ni的分布特征

模拟水泥窑高温煅烧掺有Cd、Ni化学试剂的水泥生料,由制取的水泥熟料制备水泥净浆片.通过电子探针的点、线、面分析,研究了水泥净浆中Cd、Ni的整体分布和在不同矿物相中的具体分布特征.结果表明,Cd、Ni在水泥净浆中均出现了富集现象:元素分布图像显示Cd主要赋存于水化氢氧化钙(CH)晶体中,主要以Cd/Ca氢氧化物形式存...     

中国水泥工业CO2产生机理及减排途径研究

根据水泥生产的基本原理和工艺特点,推导出煤燃烧和石灰质原料煅烧时CO2排放因子分别为2.38 t·t-1和0.527 t·t-1;采用水泥工业CO2排放数学模型计算2001-2008年中国水泥工业CO2排放量,并分析了不同的生产技术水平和产品品种结构对CO2,排放量的影响.结果表明:中国水泥工业CO2排放量与单位产品的...     

磷酸盐水泥对^90Sr固化性能的研究

以含95%MgO的重烧镁砂、磷酸盐和硼砂为原料,制备了磷酸盐水泥,研究其对90Sr的固化性能.同时,通过XRD、SEM等手段对固化体物相组成及显微结构进行分析,参照国家标准＂放射性废物固化体长期浸出试验＂（GB7023—86）对固化体进行抗浸出性能试验.结果表明,90Sr的加入会降低磷酸盐水泥固化体的抗压强度,随着90...     

柳州市环境综合治理二期工程的关联性和创新性介绍

柳州市环境综合治理二期工程是一个综合打捆的工程项目包,是一期工程的延续和完善,既包含了对一期工程成果的沿河流向上游进行水环境追溯治理的保护,又包含了对一期工程形成的环境影响副产品--城市污水处理厂污泥的综合处置.二期工程的建设内容,充分体现了水域治理需要全线开展的关联性特点,以及利用水泥厂的水泥窑直接协同处置城市污水处...     

Application of the AERMOD modeling system for environmental impact assessment of NO2 emissions from a cement complex

We applied the model of American Meteorological Society-Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) as a tool for the analysis of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions from a cement complex as a part of the environmental impact assessment. The dispersion of NO2 from four cement plants within the selected cement complex were investigated both by measurement and AERMOD simulation in dry and wet seasons. Simulated values of NO2 emissions were compared with those obtained during a 7-day continuous measurement campaign at 12 receptors. It was predicted that NO2 concentration peaks were found more within 1 to 5 km, where the measurement and simulation were in good agreement, than at the receptors 5 km further away from the reference point. The Quantile- Quantile plots of NO2 concentrations in dry season were mostly fitted to the middle line compared to those in wet season. This can be attributed to high NO2 wet deposition. The results show that for both the measurement and the simulation using the AERMOD, NO2 concentrations do not exceed the NO2 concentration limit set by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of Thailand. This indicates that NO2 emissions from the cement complex have no significant impact on nearby communities. It can be concluded that the AERMOD can provide useful information to identify high pollution impact areas for the EIA guidelines.     

山区隧道施工废水的水泥混凝处理研究

采用水泥混凝处理重庆山区某隧道施工废水。结果表明,随着水泥投加量的增加,出水pH显著升高,电导率则先减后增;水泥投加量1 g/L,沉降时间30min时,SS平均去除率93.92％,出水浓度68mg/L;最佳沉降时间控制在30～60min;SS去除率随着初始浓度提高而逐渐上升;废水总COD、TP主要由SS贡献,水泥去除效...     

硫化碱短旋转窑炉粉尘及二氧化硫的治理技术运用初探

拳文通过对硫化碱企业粉尘及二氧化硫污染治理技术进行探索,并结合企业实际,初步对硫化碱短旋转窑炉的粉尘及二氧化硫进行综合治理,取得了一定的成效。