浅析黑龙江省乡镇集中式饮用水水源地环境管理对策

针对黑龙江省乡镇集中式饮用水水源地基础条件差和监控能力弱的现状,制定水源地监控预警对策以提升饮用水水源地监管水平,制定切实有效的宣传教育对策以增强乡镇居民对水源地环境保护意识,并给出水源地完善环境管理机制与环境政策的建议。     

基于空间场效应的陕西入境旅游流空间转移特征研究

选取不同时间断面的陕西与中国五大典型旅游区入境旅游流相互转移的有关数据和利用空间场效应理论对陕西入境旅游流空间场进行场能、位势及地域结构分析,研究其空间聚集效应、扩散效应和场效应交互作用影响下的旅游流时空转移规律及空间分布特征。结果表明,陕西入境旅游流空间场集聚效应强于扩散效应,且呈增强趋势;陕西与东部旅游区转移量大,与西部旅游区转移概率大,因此东部地区仍是陕西跨区域旅游合作的重点地域,而西部地区则是陕西加强旅游合作与建设的重要地区。     

“数字化集中仓”模式下危化品仓储安全监管的演化博弈分析

针对利用数字化技术提高危化品仓储安全监管水平问题,考虑政府搭建“危化品集中式仓储中心+数字化网络监管平台”策略,基于演化博弈理论,构建危化品仓储安全监管演化博弈模型,分析建立数字化集中仓概率(本文简称“建仓概率”)对相关政府部门和危化品仓储企业行为演化规律的影响,探讨数字化集中仓模式下,危化品仓储企业合规仓储的驱动因素。研究结果表明：当建仓概率低于某临界值时,政府部门和危化品仓储企业会疏于监管违规仓储;随着建仓概率提高,政府部门和危化品仓储企业策略呈现周期性波动现象;当建仓概率很高时,虽然数字化集中仓一定程度上可提高政府监管便利性,但从长远看会使政府监管部门放松对危化品仓储安全的监管。研究结果可为政府推行数字化监管新模式和危化品仓储企业实施智能仓储管理提供一定决策支持。     

Identifying implementation gaps in water recycling policy of Beijing municipality

ABSTRACT

Due to its dry climate, growing population, and overexploited groundwater, China’s capital is plagued by water scarcity. Since the late 1980s, Beijing has adopted water reuse solutions to bring relief; today, however, the intentions of these reuse policies are often not reflected in practice. Three significant implementation gaps exist: lack of use of installed decentralized reuse systems, limited understanding of the operation of decentralized treatment plants by operators, and inadequate service of centralized reuse treatment systems. By understanding the cause, impact, and severity of these gaps, Beijing’s policymakers can work to meet existing needs via a range of municipal and national policy-driven actions.

AbbrevationBWA Beijing Water AuthorityCECEPChina Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection GroupCNY Chinese yuanIPEInstitute of Public and Environmental AffairsENGOEnvironmental non-governmental organizationMACMunicipal Action CommitteeMEEMinistry of Ecological Environment MEP Ministry of Environmental ProtectionMEPBMunicipal Bureau of Environmental ProtectionMNRMinistry of Natural ResourcesOECDOrganization for Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentO&MOperation and maintenanceSNWTPSouth-North Water Transfer ProjectSOEState-Owned Enterprise     

某地区集中式饮用水源地土壤重金属污染状况、评价与源解析

以某地区3个集中式饮用水源地为研究对象,对沿岸土壤中Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu、Zn、Ni、Co、Hg、As和Se的含量、分布、污染水平和来源进行了研究。结果表明:3水源地土壤中Cd超过GB 15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》二级标准的样品数最多,其次是Zn、Pb、Cu、Cr和Ni。评价结果说明3个水源地土壤存在一定程度的重金属累积情况,处于轻微-中等程度的污染水平,其中Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu和Zn已接近或已处于预警水平。源解析结果表明:水源地土壤中重金属元素来源可归因于"燃煤因素"、"施肥因素"、"污灌因素"、"内燃机尾气排放因素"和"农药因素"等。     

分散性污水处理技术研究进展

针对我国的实际情况,将集中污水处理与分散污水处理效果进行了对比,结果表明,分散污水处理是节省投资、降低能耗、维护生态平衡、推行可持续发展的一种先进技术,适用于农村和其他未普及管网的地区。采用分散型污水处理系统和集中污水处理系统相结合的方式是中国目前既解决环保问题又保持可持续性发展的有效途径。文中详细介绍了分散型污水处理技术的概念、优点以及主要的技术形式,预测了其发展前景,并提出了相应的发展战略。     

试论我国环保集中控制权学说与职业伦理体系

环境职业伦理学是一门知行统一的极为重要的但长期以来被忽视的学科，本文从我国环保职业道德意识中存在的问题与原因分析入手，提出应对确立我国环保集中控制权的重要地位并在此基础上架构职业伦理本位学说理论体系框架加以研究和界定。     

乡镇企业污染集中控制的实践与探讨

石狮市对乡镇企业的污染集中控制历经了第５个年头，成绩是显著的。集中控制是遏制环境恶化趋势，推动经济增长方式转变的一项切实可行的环保制度，其优越性是显而易见的。本文就操作过程的实践与探讨加以总结，提出了推行集中控制应配套的环境政策，管理体制以及资金筹措和营运的调控措施。     

Ammonia pollution characteristics of centralized drinking water sources in China

The characteristics of ammonia in drinking water sources in China were evaluated during 2005-2009. The spatial distribution and seasonal changes of ammonia in different types of drinking water sources of 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities were investigated. The levels of ammonia in drinking water sources follow the order of river > lake/reservoir > groundwater. The levels of ammonia concentration in river sources gradually decreased from 2005 to 2008, while no obvious change was observed in the lakes/reservoirs and groundwater drinking water sources. The proportion of the type of drinking water sources is different in different regions. In river drinking water sources, the ammonia level was varied in different regions and changed seasonally. The highest value and wide range of annual ammonia was found in South East region, while the lowest value was found in Southwest region. In lake/reservoir drinking water sources, the ammonia levels were not varied obviously in different regions. In underground drinking water sources, the ammonia levels were varied obviously in different regions due to the geological permeability and the natural features of regions. In the drinking water sources with higher ammonia levels, there are enterprises and wastewater drainages in the protected areas of the drinking water sources.