用梯度氧化铝膜净化空气

研究了孔径沿径向由大到小自然过渡的梯度氧化铝陶瓷膜管对空气的过滤净化。梯度氧化铝膜管控制层平均孔径为 0 2 μm ,对于空气中粒径大于或等于 0 2 2 μm的颗粒 ,膜管的截留率达到 10 0 % ;细菌的总滤除率为 99 99%。提高操作压力和错流线速度都有利于提高膜的过滤通量。空气净化过程中截留在空气中的微粒沉积于梯度氧化铝膜的管内壁 ,防止膜管的深层堵塞 ,使用过程通量下降缓慢 ,一次性使用寿命为 4年 ,易于清洗 ,清洗后过滤通量和过滤效率仍达 10 0 %     

Positively charged microporous ceramic membrane for the removal of Titan Yellow through electrostatic adsorption

To develop a depth filter based on the electrostatic adsorption principle, positively charged microporous ceramic membrane was prepared from a diatomaceous earth ceramic membrane.The internal surface of the highly porous ceramic membrane was coated with uniformly distributed electropositive nano-Y_2O_3 coating. The dye removal performance was evaluated through pressurized filtration tests using Titan Yellow aqueous solution. It showed that positively charged microporous ceramic membrane exhibited a flow rate of 421 L/(m~2·hr) under the trans-membrane pressure of 0.03 bar. Moreover it could effectively remove Titan Yellow with feed concentration of 10 mg/L between pH 3 to 8. The removal rate increased with the enhancement of the surface charge properties with a maximum rejection of 99.6%. This study provides a new and feasible method of removing organic dyes in wastewater. It is convinced that there will be a broad market for the application of charged ceramic membrane in the field of dye removal or recovery from industry wastewater.     

Si(B)CN 陶瓷及其复合材料评价与应用研究现状

总结了近年来Si(B)CN陶瓷及其复合材料评价与应用研究现状。首先介绍了Si(B)CN陶瓷及其复合材料的制备,而后详细综述了Si(B)CN陶瓷及其复合材料在力学性能、氧化行为、烧蚀行为、疲劳与蠕变性能、环境性能等方面的性能评价,并对其应用现状进行了概述。     

整体蜂窝陶瓷催化剂催化氧化法脱除低浓度VOCs的实验研究

本文讨论了目前有机污染物脱除的各种方法 ,并将催化活性组分担载在经Al2 O3 修饰的整体蜂窝陶瓷支撑体上 ,制备了催化氧化法脱除低浓度有机污染物 (VOCs)ZDL - 1催化剂 ,在固定床反应器进行了连续工艺条件实验。结果表明 ,ZDL 1催化剂具有低温启动性能好、脱除VOCs的效率高、稳定性好的突出优点 ,且床层压降低。为ZDL 1催化剂应用于不同过程脱除VOCs提供基础     

Reduction of DOM fractions and their trihalomethane formation potential in surface river water by in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration

This research was aimed at investigating the reduction of DOM fractions and their trihalomethane formation potential （THMFP） by in-line coagulation with 0.1 μm ceramic membrane filtration. The combination of ceramic membrane filtration with a coagulation process is an alternative technology which can be applied to enhance conventional coagulation processes in the field of water treatment and drinking water production. The Ping River water （high turbidity water） was selected as the raw surface water because it is currently the main raw water source for water supply production in the urban and rural areas of Chiang Mai Province. From the investigation, the results showed that the highest percent reductions of DOC, UV-254, and THMFP （47.6%, 71.0%, and 67.4%, respectively） were achieved from in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration at polyaluminum chloride dosage 40 mg/L. Resin adsorption techniques were employed to characterize the DOM in raw surface water and filtered water. The results showed that the use of a ceramic membrane with in-line coagulation was able to most efficiently reduce the hydrophobic fraction （HPOA） （68.5%）, which was then followed by the hydrophilic fraction （HPIA） （49.3%）. The greater mass DOC reduction of these two fractions provided the highest THMFP reductions （55.1% and 37.2%, respectively）. Furthermore, the in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration was able to reduce the hydrophobic （HPOB） fraction which is characterized by high reactivity toward THM formation. The percent reduction of mass DOC and THMFP of HPOB by in-line coagulation with ceramic membrane filtration was 45.9% and 48.0%, respectively.     

多孔陶瓷膜气体除尘性能研究

文章以空气净化除尘为应用背景,采用孔径为15μm的陶瓷膜对含粉尘空气过滤净化。考察了粉尘粒径、浓度、空气湿度对膜渗透性能的影响,以及反吹条件对滤饼清除效果的影响。结果表明,膜渗透通量随着粉尘粒径的增加而增大,随着粉尘浓度和环境湿度的增加而变小;膜对粉尘的截留率均可达到100%;在反吹脉冲时间为0.4 s,随着反吹压力的增大,滤饼越来越小;0.33 MPa的反吹压力下滤饼可基本清除,揭示了滤饼补丁式清除现象。研究结果为陶瓷膜在气体除尘领域的应用提供了参考。     

毛竹遗态Fe_2O_3/Fe_3O_4/C复合材料吸附水中砷(Ⅴ)的工艺优化组合研究

以自制毛竹遗态Fe_2O_3/Fe_3O_4/C复合材料为吸附剂,选取溶液初始p H值、吸附剂粒径、吸附剂投加量、砷(V)初始浓度、吸附时间和温度为影响因素开展工艺优化组合寻求的正交实验研究,结果显示,工艺优化组合为:砷(V)初始浓度10 mg/L,溶液初始p H=3,温度为35℃,吸附剂粒径小于100目,吸附剂用量为0.6 mg/50 m L,吸附时间为7 h。     

Technical feasibility study of an onshore ballast water treatment system

To fulfill the requirements of Guidelines for approval of ballast water management system (G8), a set of onshore ballast water treatment equipment utilizing micro-pore ceramic filtration (MPCF) and UV radiation (MPCF&UV) system was designed and set up with a maximum flow rate of 80 m³·h^-1. Technical feasibilities of MPCF&UV system were evaluated in three areas: removal efficiencies of indicator organism and oceanic bacteria, perdurability of a ceramic filter, and application on native seawater. The results showed that no indicator organism (Dunaliella) or oceanic bacteria was detected after treatment of 20 L MPCF and UV radiation at 1.3× 10⁴ μW·s·cm^-2. A 20 L ceramic filter can run continuously for 5.3 h at the flow rate of 15 m³·h^-1 before its pressure drop up to 0.195 MPa. The removal percentage of total plankton amounts were 91.9% at a flow rate of 70 m³·h^-1 by 80 L MPCF and UV radiation at 1.3× 10⁴ μW·s·cm^-2.     

板式陶瓷膜的制备及其分离制革废水的性能研究

采用固态离子烧结法制备出0.2μm、3μm和10μm3种不同孔径的陶瓷膜,用其处理制革工序废水,对比废水处理前后的硬度、硫化物含量、氨氮和COD的变化,计算去除率。结果表明,制革工序废水经板式陶瓷膜处理后,废水的硬度去除率在63%以上,硫化物、COD和NH3-N的去除率均达到83%以上,去除效果良好,达到国家排放标准,亦可以回用。     

臭氧/陶瓷膜对生物活性炭工艺性能和微生物群落结构影响

利用处理量为120m3/d的臭氧/陶瓷膜-生物活性炭(BAC)组合工艺处理微污染原水, 对工艺性能和BAC中的微生物多样性和种群结构进行了研究.结果显示,组合工艺可有效去除微污染原水中的有机物和氨氮.臭氧曝气提高了溶解氧浓度,改善了后续BAC工艺对氨氮的去除效果.组合工艺对氨氮和CODMn的总去除率分别约为90%和84%,其中BAC在污染物的去除中发挥了重要作用.组合工艺和传统工艺中BAC床层共检测到36个门类的细菌.与传统BAC工艺相比,臭氧/陶瓷膜降低了后续BAC中微生物群落结构的多样性和均匀度.组合工艺BAC中存在丰度较高的亚硝化单胞菌属和硝化螺旋菌属,可能对氨氮的去除具有重要的作用.臭氧/陶瓷膜对后续BAC中致病菌和条件致病菌有很好的预处理和抑制作用,显著降低了其相对丰度,提高了饮用水的生物安全性.