Na_2S-DDTC深度处理络合Ni高浓度电镀废水

对比选用有机巯基类高分子螯合剂(DDTC)、无机硫(Na_2S)和氢氧化钠(Na OH)作为电镀Ni的捕集剂,对模拟电镀废水中的络合Ni进行深度处理,重点考察了反应p H值、药剂投加量、反应时间以及絮凝剂种类等因素对Ni的去除效果的影响,并对去除机理进行了探究.结果表明:对于高浓度络合Ni模拟废水ρ(Ni)=300mg/L,在p H9.0,Na_2S与DDTC投加比为ρ(Na_2S)/ρ(DDTC)=10,其中ρ(Na_2S)=600mg/L,ρ(DDTC)=60mg/L,反应时间t=6.0min,PAM投加量1.0mg/L时,Ni_2+的残余浓度为0.064mg/L,低于0.1mg/L达到废水排放标准;此外对Na_2S-DDTC与Ni反应生成的沉淀的溶出试验表明,在自然状态下该沉渣具有较高的稳定性,不会形成二次污染;通过粒径分布统计分析以及SEM表面形态观察分析可知Na_2S-DDTC复配药剂对Ni的捕集作用主要为有絮凝-共沉淀的协同作用.通过本研究,可以为Na_2S-DDTC处理高浓度含络合Ni电镀废水工艺设计提供理论支持.     

螯合技术深度处理焦化废水

分别采用普通氧化混凝法以及螯合技术综合法对某钢铁集团公司焦化厂焦化废水生化处理后出水进行深度处理。使用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用仪检测分析了生化处理废水以及两种深度处理技术处理后废水的有机污染物组成。研究结果表明,该螯合技术比普通氧化混凝技术更有效地去除焦化废水中大量的含氨氮、酚、氰、吡啶、硫化物、喹啉等有毒有害的有机污染物,特别是一些无法被氧化降解的杂环化合物及衍生物。     

Phytoavaelability and extractability of copper and zinc in calcareous soil amended with composted Urban wastes

Abstract

A greenhouse experiment was conducted under simulated field conditions using large‐capacity plastic pots, filled each one with 25 kg of air‐dried calcareous soil. Besides the control, four treatments were prepared by applying separately two rates (20 and 80 Mg ha^‐1) of municipal solid waste (MSW) compost, and co‐composted municipal solid waste and sewage sludge (MSW‐SS). Lettuce was planted and harvested 2.5 months later. The application of composted urban wastes tended to increase Cu concentration in lettuce with respect to the control, but it was only significant when the higher rate of MSW compost was applied. The control showed values of Zn concentration in plant within a deficient range. In general, composted urban wastes treatments had increased Zn concentration values, which were within the sufficiency range. Both treatments with MSW compost increased Cu and Zn uptake in comparison with MSW‐SS co‐compost treatments. At the postharvest, all composted urban wastes treatments increased significantly DTPA‐extractable Cu content in soil with respect to the control; it was also significant the increase in AAAc‐EDTA‐extractable Cu in soil produced by the addition of the higher rate of MSW compost. The application of composted urban wastes increased significantly DTPA‐extractable and AAAc‐EDTA‐extractable Zn contents in soil versus the control, except for the lower rate of MSW‐SS co‐compost. The values of DTPA‐extractable/total ratio for Cu and Zn were under 10%, except for the treatment applying the higher rate of MSW compost which promoted higher values. The values of AAAc‐EDTA‐extractable/total ratio for Cu were above 10% in all treatments including the control. This tendency was also observed in AAAc‐EDTA‐extractable/total ratio for Zn when applying both rates of MSW compost or the higher rate of MSW‐SS co‐compost.     

螯合型表面活性剂强化黑麦草修复Cd污染水体

采用水培试验,研究了新型螯合型表面活性剂N-十二酰基乙二胺三乙酸钠（LED3A）强化黑麦草修复Cd污染水体的效果,探讨了Cd或/和LED3A存在下黑麦草的生理响应以及LED3A对黑麦草除Cd性能的影响.结果表明：Cd显著抑制黑麦草生物量和光合色素含量,添加LED3A后抑制作用略有增强,CL100处理叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量较CL0分别降低了15.50%和8.18%. LED3A对黑麦草的生长无显著影响,对黑麦草细胞的相对电导率（REC）有一定的提高,可使细胞膜渗透性增加以利于黑麦草对Cd的吸收.Cd胁迫下适量添加LED3A,能提高黑麦草植株超氧化歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性,起到清除活性氧（ROS）、缓解Cd毒害和抑制丙二醛（MDA）积累的作用.最佳LED3A添加量下（50mg/L）,黑麦草植株的总Cd累积量和转移系数较Cd单独处理时分别提高了74.39%和67.96%,Cd的去除率达到55.98%.研究表明添加LED3A可有效提高植物对Cd的修复效率.     

MeY-COD废水处理工艺研究

含络合剂(EDTA，NTA等)金属离子和COD废水是一种难治理的废水，采用通常的凝聚氢氧化物沉淀法处理是无效的，本文对络合剂铜镍离子和COD废水，首先采用加入Fe^2 140～150mg／L，控制pH4—4．5进行还原反应，然后升高pH为8．5进行网捕凝聚沉淀法处理，获得了良好效果，排放水质中的Cu、Ni均达到《上海市综合污水排放标准》，COD去除率为50％左右，因此还原-网捕凝聚沉淀法是处理含络合剂金属离子的废水值得进一步完善和应用的新工艺。     

A feasibility study on cleaning Pb-contaminated soil with chelating agents

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Effect of Fe loading quantity on reduction reactivity of nano zero-valent iron supported on chelating resin

In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) were immobilized within a chelating resin (DOW 3N). To investigate the effect of Fe loading on NZVI reactivity, three NZVI-resin composites with different Fe loading were obtained by preparing Fe(III) solution in 0, 30 and 70% (v/v) ethanol aqueous, respectively; the bromate was used as a model contaminant. TEM reveals that increasing the Fe loading resulted in much larger size and poor dispersion of nanoscale iron particles. The results indicated that the removal efficiency of bromate and the rate constant (K_obs) were decreased with increasing the Fe loading. For the NZVI-resin composite with lower Fe loading, the removal efficiency of bromate declined more significantly with the increase of DO concentrations. Under acidic conditions, decreasing the pH value had the most significant influence on NZVI-R3 with highest Fe loading for bromate removal; however, under alkaline conditions, the most significant influence of pH was on NZVI-R1 with lowest Fe loading. The effects of co-existing anions NO3−, PO43− and HCO3− were also investigated. All of the co-existing anions showed the inhibition to bromate reduction.     

Efficient removal of heavy metals from electroplating wastewater using polymer ligands

Poly(hydroxamic acid)-poly(amidoxime) chelating ligands were synthesized from poly(methyl acrylate-co-acrylonitrile) grafted acacia cellulose for removing toxic metal ions from industrial wastewaters. These ligands showed higher adsorption capacity to copper (2.80 mmol?g⁻¹) at pH 6. In addition, sorption capacities to other metal ions such as iron, zinc, chromium, and nickel were also found high at pH 6. The metal ions sorption rate (t_1/2) was very fast. The rate of adsorption of copper, iron, zinc, chromium, nickel, cobalt, cadmium and lead were 4, 5, 7, 5, 5, 8, 9 and 11 min, respectively. Therefore, these ligands have an advantage to the metal ions removal using the column technique. We have successfully investigated the known concentration of metal ions using various parameters, which is essential for designing a fixed bed column with ligands. The wastewater from electroplating plants used in this study, having chromium, zinc, nickel, copper and iron, etc. For chromium wastewater, ICP analysis showed that the Cr removal was 99.8% and other metal ions such as Cu, Ni, Fe, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co and Mn removal were 94.7%, 99.2%, 99.9%, 99.9%, 99.5%, 99.9%, 95.6% and 97.6%, respectively. In case of cyanide wastewater, the metal removal, especially Ni and Zn removal were 96.5 and 95.2% at higher initial concentration. For acid/alkali wastewater, metal ions removing for Cd, Cr and Fe were 99.2%, 99.5% and 99.9%, respectively. Overall, these ligands are useful for metal removal by column method from industrial wastewater especially plating wastewater.     

土壤中重金属[S,S]-乙二胺二琥珀酸浸提及其对重金属形态分布的影响

采用螯合剂[S,S]-乙二胺二琥珀酸([S,S]-EDDS)对废弃矿区附近的农田土壤进行浸提,分析浸提前后残留土壤样品中重金属的形态.结果表明,[S,S]-EDDS对重金属元素的提取率在不同土壤之间有较大差异,对Cu的浸提率为13.4%-13.8%,对Pb的浸提率为2.28%-16.3%,对Zn的浸提率为2.73%-11.3%.[S,S]-EDDS在提取重金属的同时也造成了Fe和Mn的明显溶出,其中Fe的溶出率为0.090%-0.291%,Mn的溶出率为2.53%-6.31%,均远高于对照组.[S,S]-EDDS浸提后酸溶/可交换态金属含量的变化倚赖于金属种类,对于Cu和Zn,经[S,S]-EDDS浸提之后,其酸溶/可交换态含量远低于对照组;但对于Pb,经[S,S]-EDDS浸提之后,酸溶/可交换态含量略高于对照组.[S,S]-EDDS对Cu和Zn四种形态均有浸提作用,且对残渣态的影响小于其它形态.[S,S]-EDDS浸提导致土样中Cu和Zn残渣态比例上升,其它形态比例的变化则依赖于金属的种类以及土壤性质.     

Comparative effects of five chelating agents on testicular toxicity in mice induced by acute exposure to cadmium

The aim of this study was to develop new antidotes for cadmium (Cd) since this metal is known to produce mammalian toxicity. N-p-hydroxymethylbenzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (HBGD), N-benzyl-D-glucamine dithiocarbamate (BGD), diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC), 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL), and ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were studied for their ability to inhibit the adverse effects induced by Cd on mouse testes. The parameters examined included concentrations of Cd, calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in testes, lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in testes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in serum and reproductive ability of male mice. Mice injected intraperitoneally (ip) with CdCl₂ (2.5?mgCd?kg^?1) after 30?min or 24?h, were then injected ip with chelating agents (400?µmol?kg^?1). Cd increased the concentrations of testicular Ca, Cd, Fe, Zn, and LPO levels as well as the activity of LDH in serum. HBGD and BGD effectively prevented the increase in above indices, and improved the reproductive ability weakened by exposure to Cd. The results suggested that HBGD and BGD are more effective detoxificants in the case of testicular toxicity in mice induced by acute exposure to Cd.