酚醛树脂生产废水处理工艺

对于COD高达246000mg／L、挥发酚达11000mg／L的酚醛树脂生产废水的处理试验研究表明，采用树脂提取--二次缩合--催化氧化--SBR生化工艺是可行的。100℃下通过9h的延时缩合，可回收树脂25kg／m^3，COD和挥发酚去除率分别为。75％和66％；95--100℃下投药二次缩合4h，COD和挥发酚去除率分别达81％和99％；常温常压下投加二氧化氯1．2kg／m^3，催化氧化4h，COD和挥发酚去除率分别为41％和78％；脱氯混凝后，废水按1：4稀释(降低Cl^-浓度)，控制COD在600mg／L以下，经PAC--SBR生化工艺处理可达标排放。工程实践证明，废水处理效果达到预期目标，其经济技术指标具有先进性。     

分段重铬酸钾法测定高氯离子废水COD方法研究

通过对高盐废水COD测定时氯离子干扰与氧化剂浓度的关系研究发现:氧化剂浓度对氯离子干扰程度有较大的影响。根据研究结果,提出了用分段重铬酸钾法测定高盐废水COD的设想,并对此设想进行了验证。验证结果表明:用分段重铬酸钾法测定高盐废水COD的设想是完全可行的;而且方法的准确度较好,相对误差<9%,实际废水加有机物的回收率>92%。     

高氯离子废水中低COD简易分析方法研究

本试验采用重铬酸钾标准法对COD测定结果的影响程度与适用范围进行了探索,提出了用低浓度重铬酸钾氧化法测定含高氯根废水中低COD的方法,对其影响因素提出新的看法。试验结果表明:对影响测定结果的主要因素并不取决于Cl-浓度的高低,而取决于回流后剩余氧化剂量的多少,当剩余氧化剂量不超过46%时,对测定结果影响甚微。     

二氧化氯的应用研究

二氧化氯是一种高效的消毒剂和强氧化剂，广泛地应用于饮用水、纸浆漂白及各种污水处理等的各个领域。本文简要介绍了二氧化氯在水处理的各个领域中的应用。     

Control effects of pε and pH on the generation and stability of chlorine dioxide

IntroductionDuetotheformationofsomepotentiallyhazardousby productsfromchlorinedisinfectionindrinkingwater,chlorinedioxide(ClO2 ) ,asanalternativedisinfectantandaneffectiveoxidant,formedfewerhalogenatedDBPsthanchlorine(Richardson ,1 994;2 0 0 0 ;Bryant,1 992 ) .InvestigationsofthegenerationandstabilityofClO2 havealreadypromoteditsapplication .However,previousstudiespaynoattentiontothefactorofelectronactivity (pε)thatactuallyaffectsthegenerationandstabilityofClO2 Theignoranceofpεappearan…     

Concentration levels of disinfection by-products in 14 swimming pools of China

Swimming has become a popular exercising and recreational activity in China but little is known about the disinfection by-products (DBPs) concentration levels in the pools. This study was conducted as a survey of the DBPs in China swimming pools, and to establish the correlations between the DBP concentrations and the pool water quality parameters. A total of 14 public indoor and outdoor pools in Beijing were included in the survey. Results showed that the median concentrations for total trihalomethanes (TTHM), nine haloacetic acids (HAA9), chloral hydrate (CH), four haloacetonitriles (HAN4), 1,1-dichloropropanone, 1,1,1-trichloropropanone and trichloronitromethane were 33.8, 109.1, 30.1, 3.2, 0.3, 0.6 µg∙L⁻¹ and below detection limit, respectively. The TTHM and HAA9 levels were in the same magnitude of that in many regions of the world. The levels of CH and nitrogenous DBPs were greatly higher than and were comparable to that in typical drinking water, respectively. Disinfection by chlorine dioxide or trichloroisocyanuric acid could substantially lower the DBP levels. The outdoor pools had higher TTHM and HAA9 levels, but lower trihaloacetic acids (THAA) levels than the indoor pools. The TTHM and HAA9 concentrations could be moderately correlated with the free chlorine and total chlorine residuals but not with the total organic carbon (TOC) contents. When the DBP concentration levels from other survey studies were also included for statistical analysis, a good correlation could be established between the TTHM levels and the TOC concentration. The influence of chlorine residual on DBP levels could also be significant.     

氯气泄漏爆炸和中毒事故应急处置

主要从氯气的理化性质、危险特性、毒性等入手,探讨氯气泄漏、爆炸事故的应急处理措施,以及氯气中毒后的急救措施,为氯气泄漏爆炸事故应急处置提供基本技术支持.     

二氧化氯杀藻无机副产物亚氯酸盐生成规律研究

研究了不同二氧化氯投加量、接触时间、pH值下二氧化氯杀藻中亚氯酸盐的生成规律及其他水质条件(藻初始质量浓度、有机物和氨氮)对亚氯酸盐生成的影响。结果表明,亚氯酸盐生成量随着二氧化氯投加量的增大和时间的延长而增大。放置2 h,生成的亚氯酸盐占二氧化氯初始投加量的10%~30%。二氧化氯杀藻的水样放置时间越长,开始生成亚氯酸盐的pH值就越低。放置30 min时生成亚氯酸盐的起始pH值为6,放置70 min时起始pH值为3.9。在酸性条件下,亚氯酸盐的生成量随pH值增大而增大;而从中性到碱性,亚氯酸盐增加缓慢。藻初始叶绿素a的质量浓度超过14.93μg/L时,亚氯酸盐的生成量随藻初始质量浓度的增大而增大。有机物促进了亚氯酸盐的生成,但亚氯酸盐的生成量并没有随有机物质量浓度的增加而增加。增大氨氮质量浓度,亚氯酸盐的生成量有降低的趋势。     

液氯生产过程中的安全控制

根据液氯生产工艺,分析了过程中存在的主要危险是液氯泄漏引起的人员中毒以及由于尾气中氢含量过高、三氯化氮富集、过量充装等引起的爆炸,提出了相应的对策.     

液氯汽车罐车罐体安全附件泄漏事故树分析

液氯汽车罐车在运输过程中可能会发生氯气泄漏,由于罐体安全附件密封点较多,因而绝大多数泄漏发生在安全附件上。运用事故树(FTA)分析方法分析了液氯汽车罐车罐体安全附件泄漏事故的原因,最后提出了防止此类事故发生的措施。