西部地区第三产业发展透视

我国实施西部大开发关键的一环就是产业结构调整，而第三产业具有发展潜力大、经济地位日趋重要的特点，是经济发展和实现西部产业结构合理化的突破口。文章在剖析西部地区第三产业发展现状并简要说明原因的基础上，提出应从改善西部第三产业的硬件和软件环境入手，合理调整内部结构，加强对劳动者的职业培训，因地制宜地发展西部第三产业的四点建议。     

家具油漆的涂饰环境与安全操作

因油漆属易燃易爆物品 ,在涂饰作业中有较多的危险危害因素。本文从防火、防毒两个方面对涂饰施工提出了注意事项 ,并对涂饰作业环境提出了具体要求。     

离子色谱法测定煤中的全硫

一种利用离子色谱来简化传统的重量法测定煤中全硫 ,将煤样与艾氏卡试剂 (Mg O+ Na CO3)混合灼烧 ,使煤中各种形态的硫全部生成可溶性的硫酸盐 ,用离子色谱法测定。两次重复测定结果的精密度和准确度完全符合要求 ,测定标准煤样的结果与标准值之差在规定误差范围内。离子色谱法测定煤样的结果与重量法所得结果比较相对偏差在0 .3 6%～ 1 .45 %之间 ,又经统计检验后认定二者无显著性差异。     

Regional Lake Trophic Patterns in the Northeastern United States: Three Approaches

N   = 11,076). Results were compared to a large, nonrandomly sampled data set for the same area compiled by Rohm and others and contrasted with lake trophic state information published in the National Water Quality Inventory: 1994 Report to Congress [305(b) report. Lakes across the entire Northeast were identified by EMAP data as 37.9% (±8.4%) oligotrophic, 40.1% (±9.7%) mesotrophic, 12.6% (±7.9%) eutrophic, and 9.3% (±6.3%) hypereutrophic. Lakes in the ADI and NEU generally are at a low, nearly identical trophic state (96% oligotrophic/mesotrophic), while those in the CLP are much richer (45% eutrophic). EMAP results are similar to results of the Rohm data set across the entire region. In the CLP, however, EMAP identified approximately 45% of the lakes as eutrophic/hypereutrophic, while the Rohm data set identified only 21% in these categories. Across the entire Northeast, the 305(b) report identified a much higher proportion (32.2%) of lakes in eutrophic condition and a much smaller proportion (19.8%) in oligotrophic condition than did the EMAP survey data (12.5% ± 7.9% and 37.9% ± 8.5%, respectively). Probability sampling has several advantages over nonrandom sampling when regional resource condition assessment is the goal.     

重庆城市SO2污染与气象条件的关系

本文分析了重庆市城市SO_2地面浓度与风向、风速、逆温、雾以及各种地面流场型式的关系,为研究城市大气污染分布和变化规律提供了科学依据。     

冷原子荧光法测定地面水和土壤中的痕量总汞

本文推导了汞元素冷原子荧光测试的理论公式，着重研究了载气种类；载气流速；工作电压；水蒸气；介质酸度；还原剂用量等１０项因素对测定结果准确度的影响，确定了最佳实验条件，提出了地面水和土壤中痕量总汞的测试方法。同时分析了汞元素冷原子荧光法的系统误差和消除或减少系统误差的方法。     

Body condition and reproductive characteristics of female water voles (Arvicola terrestris L.)

The relationship between long-term dynamics of reproductive parameters and body condition were studied in female water voles from a cycling population. Body condition was estimated from the deviation of body weight (excluding the weight of the uterus with embryos) from the theoretically expected weight calculated from the equation of body weight regression with respect to body length. As the index of body condition increases upon transition from decline to peak in the population cycle, the numbers of corpora lutea and live embryos also increase and the risk of resorption of the entire litter becomes lower.     

冷原子荧光法测定汞的实验条件的探讨

通过对冷原子荧光法测定水中汞的实验条件的探讨，指出水样在采集，保存，所用实验容器，实验试剂，实验预处理，仪器使用等方面应注意的问题，从而保证实验结果的准确性，可靠性。     

浅谈农村环境问题及对策

通过对农村环境问题的应运而生,并分析其成因,提出解决问题的方法与对策建议。     

Ecological correlates of duckling adoption among white-winged scoters Melanitta fusca: strategy, epiphenomenon, or combination?

Young waterfowl can frequently join foster females shortly after hatch, resulting in post-hatch brood amalgamation. Much uncertainty remains about physiological or ecological factors that motivate adoption including potential costs and benefits to fostered offspring as well as to females that either lose or accept young. Several hypotheses have been put forth to explain adoption. In this paper, we examine the salvage strategy (SSH) and accidental-mixing (AMH) hypotheses. According to the SSH, females abandon or lose their young due to substantial energetic constraints from incubation and brood rearing. The AMH posits that adoption results from local ecological conditions on breeding areas (i.e., adverse weather conditions, high brood densities) which act to separate offspring and mothers. We used multistate modeling to estimate relationships between probabilities of adoption by white-winged scoter (Melanitta fusca) ducklings from natal to foster females and a set of hypothesized ecological covariates. Results showed that most adoption occurred within 6 days of hatch; additionally, likelihood of adoption was positively related to inclement weather and negatively related to hatch date, size, and condition of natal females, and duckling condition. We conclude that adoption in this population is consistent with both the salvage strategy and accidental-mixing hypotheses. Ultimately, we suggest that adoption in our study population was foremost an outcome of intense gull predation but also of local environmental conditions.