垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理工艺研究进展

介绍了垃圾渗滤液的来源和特点，结合近些年的工程实际和实验研究，主要综述了垃圾渗滤液的处理方案和技术，包括回灌法、土地处理法、物化法、生物法以及其他处理方法，在比较这些方法的基础上提出了一些建议。     

铁炭法处理高浓度难降解表面活性剂废水的研究

就铁炭法对高浓度难降解拉开粉（阴离子表面活性剂）废水的处理效果进行了接近工业化的动态模型实验研究，结果表明酸化铁炭工艺对橡胶工业拉开粉废水具有显著的去除效果。在Fe：C=2：1，pH=4，停留时间60min，曝气量0．1m^3／h时，拉开粉（BX）和COD的总去除率分别约为80％和45％。     

气相色谱法测定水中的2，4-二硝基氯苯

采用苯萃取,HP-624 30 m×0.53 mm×3.00 μm大口径毛细管柱分离,电子捕获检测器(ECD)检测2,4-二硝基氯苯,得到了良好的分离效果、较宽的线性关系和较高的灵敏度.     

Residues and dissipation kinetic of abamectin,chlorfenapyr and pyridaben acaricides in green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under field conditions using QuEChERS method and HPLC

Abstract

The current study estimated the dissipation rates of abamectin, chlorfenapyr and pyridaben acaricides in pods of green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under field conditions in Egypt. Pesticides were extracted and cleaned-up by QuEChERS method and were analyzed by HPLC. The dissipation of these acaricides followed the first order kinetics model with half-life (t_1/2) values 1.00, 3.50 and 1.50?days for abamectin, chlorfenapyr and pyridaben, respectively. The lowest residues, at different time intervals of field application rate of each pesticide, were observed with abamectin followed by pyridaben and then chlorfenapyr. Pre-harvest intervals (PHIs) were 10.00, 13.50 and 6.00?days for abamectin, chlorfenapyr and pyridaben, respectively and were below the established European maximum residue limits (EU MRLs) 10–14, 14–21 and 7–10?days after application, respectively. If the fresh pods will be consumed after harvest, it is expected that the presence of these pesticides in the food will have a negative impact on human health. Therefore, the elimination of the residues of these harmful pesticides must be carried out.     

城市污水处理厂除臭技术

介绍了城市污水处理厂臭气来源、成分及产量。针对目前国内外除臭技术的研究和发展情况，分析了污水处理厂的各种物理、化学和生物除臭方法的技术原理、优缺点和应用现状。结合日本城市污水处理厂的运行实际，重点介绍了一种不产生臭气的新技术——腐殖活性污泥法的工艺流程、特点及其应用现状。     

Investigation on the influence of methanol on adsorption and leaching of pesticides with soil column liquid chromatography

The effect of methanol of low concentration on adsorption and leaching of atrazine and tebuconazole was studied in this paper. The adsorption coefficients and the retardation factors (R^m) of pesticides on EUROSOIL 3# log-linearly decreased as volumetric fraction of methanol (f^c) was increased in the binary solvent mixtures of methanol and water. These data are consistent with solvophobic theory formerly outlined for describing the adsorption and transport of hydrophobic organic chemicals from mixed solvents. Nevertheless, the adsorption of these pesticides in soil–water system slightly increased when the soil was pre-washed with methanol in comparison with that pre-washed with water (pure water system). Furthermore, their adsorption coefficients were still higher in binary solvent systems with methanol of very low concentrations, i.e. f^c<0.03 for atrazine and f^c<0.01 for tebuconazole, than those in pure water system. The adsorption coefficients (logK^w) of atrazine and tebuconazole predicted by solvophobic theory were 0.5792 and 1.6525, respectively, and their experimental logK^w were 0.3701 and 1.6275 in pure water system. Obviously, the predicted logK^w of the two pesticides was higher than the experimental log K^w in pure water system. The predicted K^w and the retardation factor (R^w) in pure water system by solvophobic theory are thus possibly inaccurate.     

萃取比色法测定水中的丁基黄原酸盐

利用萃取比色法测定水中丁基黄原酸盐的含量，发现该方法的灵敏度、准确度和稳定性都可以满足样品分析的要求，并利用不同方法对样品进行比对分析，无明显差异。     

环境材料及其评价方法

本文综述了环境材料的实质、特点及其与传统材料在主要内涵、研究重点、评价指标体系和材料选择原则的差异 ,并介绍了环境材料的评价体系与方法和设计原则     

深圳大学城园区典型OVOCs污染特征与来源解析

采用质子转移反应质谱仪（PTR-MS）对深圳大学城园区2017年不同季节（分干湿两季）的6种典型OVOCs和其他非甲烷烃类（NMHCs）进行连续在线监测,分析其干湿季的浓度特征与日变化规律,并应用光化学龄的参数化方法开展OVOCs的来源解析.结果表明,在观测的6种OVOCs中,甲醇的平均浓度最高,达10×10^-9~12×10^-9,其次是乙酸、丙酮和乙醛,约2~5×10^-9,甲酸和丁酮的含量最低,仅1×10^-9~2×10^-9.通过日变化观察到的OVOCs湿季峰值浓度时间明显早于干季,乙醛表现出与臭氧（O₃）相似的日变化特征,揭示了其可能存在二次来源;甲醇和丁酮的峰值浓度时间均早于O₃,可能存在重要的一次排放源.采用光化学龄模型解析出日间污染物来源比例：在污染较重的干季,甲醇、乙醛、丙酮和丁酮的人为一次源占主导,甲酸和乙酸的二次源是主要贡献者;在较清洁的湿季,天然源成为乙醛、丙酮、丁酮、甲酸和乙酸的主要来源.     

秦巴集中连片特困区多维贫困度量及其空间格局

连片特困区贫困是特殊的区域性贫困,实现持久脱贫,关键在于识别和评估区域的贫困程度以及深究其致贫原因。基于此,通过构建经济维度硬现状、社会维度软现状及自然维度潜在状态3维的多维贫困度量指标体系,应用均方差权重法测算了2006、2010及2014年秦巴集中连片特困区及各子区域的多维贫困度,并分析了多维贫困及其各维度的时空演变规律。结果表明：（1）秦巴集中连片特困区多维贫困度得分偏高,表明该区域贫困程度较深,且多维贫困在不同贫困维度上呈现显著差异。（2）2006—2014年秦巴集中连片特困区多维贫困度都呈减弱趋势,且表现出以甘肃省徽县至湖北省房县为轴带的中部地区集聚的空间演变趋势。（3）在整体多维贫困显著改善的同时,不同连片扶贫区及不同的贫困维度在减贫路径上也体现出不同的演化特征。所得结论为该区域内县域尺度贫困类型特征识别以及扶贫工作前期评估以及后期验收成效等提供一定技术支持,也为后期实施因地制宜的脱贫措施提供科学的辅助决策支撑。