不同碳源对Delftia tsuruhatensis HT01脱氮性能的影响

以一株异养氨氧化菌Delftia tsuruhatensis HT01为研究对象,比较了以十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、甘蔗糖蜜、丁二酸钠、乙酸钠、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖或柠檬酸钠等为唯一碳源时的生长情况及对TOC、NH₄⁺-N、TN的去除率,并通过两轮中试测试了该菌对皮革污水的处理效果.结果表明：HT01在异养条件下能够生成NO₂^--N,并可以在利用SDS （去除率为34%）的同时去除NH₄⁺-N和TN （去除率分别为74%和14%）;丁二酸钠和乙酸钠分别有利于实现最快的生长速度和最高的TOC去除率（71%）,而果糖则有利于实现最高的NH₄⁺-N和TN去除率（分别为98%和29%）.HT01能够在皮革污水中生长,第2轮中试对COD,NH₄⁺-N和TN的去除率分别达到38%,49%和22%.     

Valorization of titanium metal wastes as tanning agent used in leather industry

The development of new tanning agents and new technologies in the leather sector is required to cope with the increasingly higher environmental pressure on the current tanning materials and processes such as tanning with chromium salts. In this paper, the use of titanium wastes (cuttings) resulting from the process of obtaining highly pure titanium (ingots), for the synthesis of new tanning agent and tanning bovine hides with new tanning agent, as alternative to tanning with chromium salts are investigated. For this purpose, Ti waste and Ti-based tanning agent were characterized for metal content by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and chemical analysis; the tanned leather (wet white leather) was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive Using X-ray (Analysis). SEM/EDX analysis for metal content; Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC), Micro-Hot-Table and standard shrinkage temperature showing a hydrothermal stability (ranged from 75.3 to 77 °C) and chemical analysis showing the leather is tanned and can be processed through the subsequent mechanical operations (splitting, shaving). On the other hand, an analysis of major minor trace substances from Ti-end waste (especially vanadium content) in new tanning agent and wet white leather (not detected) and residue stream was performed and showed that leachability of vanadium is acceptable. The results obtained show that new tanning agent obtained from Ti end waste can be used for tanning bovine hides, as eco-friendly alternative for chrome tanning.     

Continuous monitoring of ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons near open‐air burning of metal scraps

Airborne concentrations of PAH in the vicinity of the source region with open‐air burning of metal scraps were measured between February, 1992 and November, 1993. The activity of open‐air burning decreased significantly since 1993 due to prohibition regulation. Both gaseous phase and particle‐bound PAH were measured at five sampling sites, which included one reference sampling site far away from the source region. Both values of gaseous and particle‐bound PAH concentrations, which were measured in the vicinity of source region, decreased clearly during the two years monitoring period. It shows that the uncontrolled open‐air burning of metal scraps was a significant emission source of airborne PAH in the study area. The profiles of various species of PAH were also compared. A large decrease in benzo(a)pyrene was observed in the source region.     

提高军官常服皮鞋穿着与视觉舒适性探讨

本文通过军人脚型测量分析、军鞋审美取向调查分析、军鞋重量与运动性能试验分析等探讨研究,获得了脚型、式样、重量等相关数据,对于新式军鞋研究、生产和使用具有一定的参考作用。     

我国进口可再生利用废塑料的现状与发展

论述了进口可再生利用废塑料在环保、节能减排等国民经济领域中的重要意义。通过分析统计数据,阐明了我国由于资源匮乏,进口可再生利用废塑料的必要性和迫切性,并简述了我国政府对废塑料进口的监管措施。     

Gasification of the char derived from distillation of granulated scrap tyres

This work reports the effect of pressure on the steam/oxygen gasification at 1000 °C of the char derived from low temperature-pressure distillation of granulated scrap tyres (GST). The study was based on the analysis of gas production, carbon conversion, cold gas efficiency and the high heating value (HHV) of the product. For comparison, similar analyses were carried out for the gasification of coals with different rank.In spite of the relatively high ash (≈12 wt.%) and sulphur (≈3 wt.%) contents, the char produced in GST distillation can be regarded as a reasonable solid fuel with a calorific value of 34 MJ kg⁻¹. The combustion properties of the char (E_A ≈ 50 kJ mol⁻¹), its temperature of self-heating (≈264 °C), ignition temperature (≈459 °C) and burn-out temperature (≈676 °C) were found to be similar to those of a semi-anthracite.It is observed that the yield, H₂ and CO contents and HHV of the syngas produced from char gasification increase with pressure. At 0.1 MPa, 4.6 Nm³ kg_char⁻¹ of syngas was produced, containing 28% v/v of H₂ and CO and with a HHV around 3.7 MJ Nm⁻³. At 1.5 MPa, the syngas yield achieved 4.9 Nm³ kg_char⁻¹ with 30% v/v of H₂-CO and HHV of 4.1 MJ Nm⁻³. Carbon conversion significantly increased from 87% at 0.1 MPa to 98% at 1.5 MPa.It is shown that the char derived from distillation of granulated scrap tyres can be further gasified to render a gas of considerable heating value, especially when gasification proceeds at high pressure.     

Copper recycling and scrap availability

According to existing estimates, available old copper scrap has more than tripled over the past 40 years. Secondary production (that is, copper produced from recycling old scrap), however, has only doubled. Indeed, over the past 10 years, while copper consumption and primary production have continued to expand briskly, while available old scrap has increased by over 35%, secondary production has actually stagnated.For a world concerned with sustainable development and the quality of the earth's environment, this performance is disappointing and in need of explanation. Other things being equal, one would expect the amount of recycling to increase with the availability of scrap, as many econometric models of the world copper market developed over the past several decades explicitly assume.The key to understanding sluggish growth in secondary production, this paper argues, is distinguishing carefully between (1) the flow of old scrap that arrives each year from products reaching the end of their useful lives during the year and (2) the available stock of old scrap that was not recycled during earlier years presumably because it was too costly to do so. Using an econometric model, the paper shows that old scrap stocks, which have contributed most of the increase in available old copper scrap over the years, have a very modest impact on secondary production. Old scrap flows have a much greater effect, but they account for only about 4% of the available old scrap for any given year.     

我国废钢产业发展概况及前景展望

对我国2009年废钢供求状况、行情及我国废钢产业的发展进行回顾,展望了2010年国内废钢市场的发展前景,指出2010年我国废钢资源依然紧缺,不利于钢铁产业节能减排;新税收政策的实施以及中小钢铁企业的恶性竞争也是造成我国废钢资源紧缺的根本原因。     

循环经济与温州合成革产业的可持续发展

循环经济是符合可持续发展理念的经济增长模式。将循环经济的理念引入温州合成革产业,通过分析合成革产业可持续发展面临的主要问题,提出了企业内部推进清洁生产、企业之间延伸产业链、行业增强科技创新能力的循环经济发展对策。     

铁屑内电解技术的强化方式及改进措施研究进展

铁屑内电解技术以铁屑为阳极牺牲材料,通过阴极活性炭的催化作用,能够廉价高效地处理生物难降解的含卤代化合物、硝基芳香族化合物、偶氮染料和高价态重金属等废水,具有良好的应用前景.本文介绍了铁屑内电解技术的反应过程和机理,总结分析了铁屑内电解过程的强化方式及其在工业废水处理方面的研究及应用情况,近年来铁屑内电解反应器和填料的...